scholarly journals Quantification of left and right atrial kinetic energy using four-dimensional intracardiac magnetic resonance imaging flow measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (10) ◽  
pp. 1472-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per M. Arvidsson ◽  
Johannes Töger ◽  
Einar Heiberg ◽  
Marcus Carlsson ◽  
Håkan Arheden
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Elastic Recoil ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Ventricular Systole ◽  
Atrial Contraction ◽  
Atrioventricular Plane Displacement ◽  
The Right ◽  
Plane Displacement

Kinetic energy (KE) of atrial blood has been postulated as a possible contributor to ventricular filling. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the left (LA) and right (RA) atrial blood KE using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Fifteen healthy volunteers underwent CMR at 3 T, including a four-dimensional phase-contrast flow sequence. Mean LA KE was lower than RA KE (1.1 ± 0.1 vs. 1.7 ± 0.1 mJ, P < 0.01). Three KE peaks were seen in both atria: one in ventricular systole, one during early ventricular diastole, and one during atrial contraction. The systolic LA peak was significantly smaller than the RA peak ( P < 0.001), and the early diastolic LA peak was larger than the RA peak ( P < 0.05). Rotational flow contained 46 ± 7% of total KE and conserved energy better than nonrotational flow did. The KE increase in early diastole was higher in the LA ( P < 0.001). Systolic KE correlated with the combination of atrial volume and systolic velocity of the atrioventricular plane displacement ( r2 = 0.57 for LA and r2 = 0.64 for RA). Early diastolic KE of the LA correlated with left ventricle (LV) mass ( r2 = 0.28), however, no such correlation was found in the right heart. This suggests that LA KE increases during early ventricular diastole due to LV elastic recoil, indicating that LV filling is dependent on diastolic suction. Right ventricle (RV) relaxation does not seem to contribute to atrial KE. Instead, RA KE generated during ventricular systole may be conserved in a hydraulic “flywheel” and transferred to the RV through helical flow, which may contribute to RV filling.

The quantitative relationship between longitudinal and radial function in left, right, and total heart pumping in humans

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (1) ◽  
pp. H636-H644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Carlsson ◽  
Martin Ugander ◽  
Einar Heiberg ◽  
Hakan Arheden
Keyword(s):  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Radial Function ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Cine Mri ◽  
Heart Volume ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Volume Variation ◽  
Atrioventricular Plane Displacement ◽  
The Right ◽  
Plane Displacement

The total heart volume variation (THVV) during systole has been proposed to be caused by radial function of the ventricles, but definitive data for both ventricles have not been presented. Furthermore, the right ventricle (RV) has been suggested to have a greater longitudinal pumping component than the left ventricle (LV). Therefore, we aimed to compare the stroke volume (SV) generated by radial function to the volume variation of the left, right, and total heart. To do this, we also needed to develop a new method for measuring the contribution of the longitudinal atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD) to the RVSV (RVSVAVPD). For our study, 11 volunteers underwent cine MRI in the short- and long-axis planes and MRI flow measurement in all vessels leading to and from the heart. The left, right, and total heart showed correlations between volume variation from flow measurements and radial function calculated as SV minus the longitudinal function ( r = 0.81, P < 0.01; r = 0.80, P < 0.01; and r = 0.92, P < 0.001, respectively). Compared with the LV, the RV had a greater AVPD (23.4 ± 0.8 vs. 16.4 ± 0.5 mm), center of volume movement (13.0 ± 0.7 vs. 7.8 ± 0.4 mm), and, RVSVAVPD(82 ± 2% vs. 60 ± 2%) ( P < 0.001 for all). We found that THVV is predominantly caused by radial function of the ventricles. Longitudinal AVPD accounts for ∼80% of the RVSV, compared with ∼60% for the LVSV. This difference explains the larger portion of THVV found on the left side of the heart.

scholarly journals Atrioventricular plane displacement versus mitral and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion: A comparison between cardiac magnetic resonance and M‐mode echocardiography

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-270
Author(s):  
Alvaro Sepúlveda‐Martínez ◽  
Katarina Steding‐Ehrenborg ◽  
Mérida Rodríguez‐López ◽  
Ellen Ostenfeld ◽  
Brenda Valenzuela‐Alcaráz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Atrioventricular Plane Displacement ◽  
Plane Displacement

Metastatic cholangiocarcinoma to the right atrial appendage detected by magnetic resonance imaging

1988 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 566-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Yasutake ◽  
Hiroyuki Sasaki ◽  
Masahiko Fujimatsu ◽  
Tetsurou Kanda ◽  
Masao Oshibuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Right Atrial Appendage ◽  
The Right

Quantitative analysis of right atrial performance after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Hui ◽  
Mohamed Y. Abd El Rahman ◽  
Fatima Dsebissowa ◽  
Axel Rentzsch ◽  
Matthias Gutberlet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Tissue Doppler ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Pump Function ◽  
Atrial Contraction ◽  
The Right

We aimed to assess the right atrial performance in patients after surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot, and to clarify the relationship between the pump function of the right atrium and right ventricular systolic function.We included in the study 50 asymptomatic patients following corrective surgery of tetralogy of Fallot, comparing them to 30 normal subjects. Right atrial areas were measured by echocardiography, and the active fractional area of emptying was expressed, in percentages, as the area measured at the onset of atrial contraction, minus the minimal area, divided by the area at the onset of atrial contraction. We used this value to assess the atrial pump function. Right atrial peak strain rates were measured by tissue Doppler imaging. Compared to controls, patients with tetralogy of Fallot had a significantly reduced right atrial active fractional area of emptying (p = 0.005), along with a reduced peak late diastolic strain rate (p = 0.002). Among 20 patients who underwent magnetic resonance tomographic examination, a relatively higher right atrial peak late diastolic strain rate was shown in patients with a right ventricular ejection fraction of less than 50% (p = 0.021).Right atrial performance is reduced in patients after surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot. When facing right ventricular systolic dysfunction, nonetheless, the right atrial pump function may be relatively enhanced. Tissue Doppler derived strain rate can provide quantitative analysis of regional right atrial performance.

scholarly journals Time-resolved tracking of the atrioventricular plane displacement in Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) images

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Seemann ◽  
Ulrika Pahlm ◽  
Katarina Steding-Ehrenborg ◽  
Ellen Ostenfeld ◽  
David Erlinge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Atrioventricular Plane Displacement ◽  
Plane Displacement

Quantification of left and right ventricular kinetic energy using four-dimensional intracardiac magnetic resonance imaging flow measurements

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (4) ◽  
pp. H893-H900 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carlsson ◽  
E. Heiberg ◽  
J. Toger ◽  
H. Arheden
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Filling ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
External Work ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Early Diastole

We aimed to quantify kinetic energy (KE) during the entire cardiac cycle of the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) using four-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). KE was quantified in healthy volunteers ( n = 9) using an in-house developed software. Mean KE through the cardiac cycle of the LV and the RV were highly correlated ( r2 = 0.96). Mean KE was related to end-diastolic volume ( r2 = 0.66 for LV and r2 = 0.74 for RV), end-systolic volume ( r2 = 0.59 and 0.68), and stroke volume ( r2 = 0.55 and 0.60), but not to ejection fraction ( r2 < 0.01, P = not significant for both). Three KE peaks were found in both ventricles, in systole, early diastole, and late diastole. In systole, peak KE in the LV was lower (4.9 ± 0.4 mJ, P = 0.004) compared with the RV (7.5 ± 0.8 mJ). In contrast, KE during early diastole was higher in the LV (6.0 ± 0.6 mJ, P = 0.004) compared with the RV (3.6 ± 0.4 mJ). The late diastolic peaks were smaller than the systolic and early diastolic peaks (1.3 ± 0.2 and 1.2 ± 0.2 mJ). Modeling estimated the proportion of KE to total external work, which comprised ∼0.3% of LV external work and 3% of RV energy at rest and 3 vs. 24% during peak exercise. The higher early diastolic KE in the LV indicates that LV filling is more dependent on ventricular suction compared with the RV. RV early diastolic filling, on the other hand, may be caused to a higher degree of the return of the atrioventricular plane toward the base of the heart. The difference in ventricular geometry with a longer outflow tract in the RV compared with the LV explains the higher systolic KE in the RV.

MEDICAL IMAGING AND COMPUTER-AIDED FLOW ANALYSIS OF A HEART WITH ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (05) ◽  
pp. 1250024 ◽  
Author(s):  
KELVIN K. L. WONG ◽  
ZHONGHUA SUN ◽  
JIYUAN TU
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Atrial Septal Defect ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Vortical Flow ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Cardiac Chamber ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
The Right

Computer-aided magnetic resonance (MR) fluid motion tracking and cardiac vorticity quantification of the right atrial flow is implemented in this study to suggest a new method for the diagnosis of an atrial septal defect (ASD). MR signals of blood moving in a cardiac chamber can be represented as an image and vary in intensity at every consecutive cardiac phase. A method was devised to perform flow analysis using MR imaging without modification of scan mode or protocol that allows velocity encoding. A single vortex or multiple vortices may appear in the cardiac chamber. However, velocity fields in any flow scenario are normally unable to reveal information for a concise analysis; therefore, in addition to velocity maps, vorticity flow maps on which the velocity field is superimposed are presented. Through a case study, the difference in vortex strengths pre- and post-atrial septal occlusion can be examined, and the results can be verified using computational fluid dynamics. Based on this framework, the degree of vortical flow was assessed for the right atrium of a subject with atrial septal defect. A relationship can be established between right atrial vorticity and the ASD. As such, there is clear utility of the developed system in its potential as a prognostic and investigative tool for the quantitative assessment of cardiac abnormalities parallel to examining magnetic resonance images.

Technique with lock-in amplifier for real-time measurement of tricuspid valve annulus area

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (2) ◽  
pp. H236-H241
Author(s):  
K. Tamiya ◽  
M. Higashidate ◽  
S. Kikkawa
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Initial Portion ◽  
Tricuspid Valve Annulus ◽  
Atrial Contraction ◽  
Valve Annulus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lock In

A new measuring system that permits real-time registration of the tricuspid valve annular area (TVA) using lock-in amplifier is devised and applied in open-chest anesthetized dogs. The tricuspid valve annulus was stitched with a fine, pliable, metal thread made of 10 30-micron urethane resin-coated copper wires during inflow occlusion. Both ends of the thread were guided out from the right atrium through a single pinhole in the right atrial wall. The signal intensity induced in the sense loop is linearly related to the area encircled by the thread, i.e., the area of the tricuspid annulus. During control state, TVA varied by an average of 24.5% (3.8-46.5%) of its maximum. Presystolic peak and valley of TVA due to atrial contraction and a decrease in TVA during ventricular ejection were generally observed. An increase in TVA during the initial portion of isovolumic contraction phase was prominent in dogs with filariasis, whereas in the other dogs it was not.

Forward diastolic flow in pulmonary artery induced by right atrial contraction of pig hearts

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (2) ◽  
pp. H228-H235
Author(s):  
O. A. Vengen ◽  
O. Ellingsen ◽  
A. Ilebekk
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Atrial Contraction ◽  
Diastolic Interval ◽  
Heart Blood ◽  
The Right ◽  
Artery Flow

To study whether right atrial contraction can forward blood into the pulmonary artery during diastole, blood volume was expanded in anesthetized open-chest pigs until mean right atrial pressure was 13-20 mmHg (range). In the control situation, blood flow in the pulmonary artery was only observed during ventricular systole. Forward diastolic pulmonary artery flow, coinciding with right atrial contraction, was observed when diastolic pulmonary artery pressure was reduced during selectively increased left-side contractility, during bradycardia after propranolol injection (0.5 mg/kg body wt iv), and during the prolonged diastolic interval after spontaneously occurring atrial extrasystoles. The prolongation of the diastolic interval in all three series caused the diastolic pulmonary artery pressure to decline and the filling of the right atrium to increase, thus further stimulating the right atrial Frank-Starling mechanism. The diastolic blood flow in the pulmonary artery constituted 11% of the stroke volume during increased left-side inotropic stimulation, 8% during bradycardia, and 6% in beats preceded by a prolonged diastolic interval. Thus, in the normal heart, blood can be ejected into the pulmonary artery during right atrial contraction.

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