Impact of combined exercise training on cardiovascular autonomic control and mortality in diabetic ovariectomized rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 656-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris C. Sanches ◽  
Filipe F. Conti ◽  
Nathalia Bernardes ◽  
Janaina de O Brito ◽  
Elia G. Galdini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Combined Exercise ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Cardiovascular Autonomic Control ◽  
Combined Exercise Training

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of aerobic, resistance, or combined exercise training on cardiovascular autonomic control and mortality in diabetic ovariectomized rats. Female Wistar rats were divided into one of five groups: euglycemic sedentary (ES), diabetic ovariectomized sedentary (DOS), diabetic ovariectomized aerobic-trained (DOTA), diabetic ovariectomized resistance-trained (DOTR), or diabetic ovariectomized aerobic+resistance-trained (DOTC). Arterial pressure (AP) was directly recorded and baroreflex sensitivity was evaluated by heart rate responses to AP changes. Cardiovascular autonomic modulation was evaluated by spectral analyses. No differences were observed in body weight and glycemia between diabetic rats. Animals in the DOTC and DOTA groups exhibited an increase in running time, whereas animals in the DOTC and DOTR groups showed greater strength. Trained groups exhibited improvement in total power and the high-frequency band of pulse interval and reduced mortality (vs. DOS). Animals in the DOTC (bradycardic and tachycardic responses) and DOTA (tachycardic responses) groups exhibited attenuation in baroreflex dysfunction that was observed in DOS and DOTR animals, and an improvement in AP variance. In conclusion, all training protocols led to reduced mortality, which may be due to an increase in physical capacity and to cardiovascular and autonomic benefits following training, regardless of any improvement in glycemic control. In this model, the aerobic and combined trainings seem to promote additional cardiovascular autonomic benefits when compared with resistance training alone.

Abstract 507: Combined Exercise Training Induces Additional Cardiovascular Autonomic Benefits in Comparison to Dynamic Resistance Training in Ovariectomized Diabetic Rats

Hypertension ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris C Sanches ◽  
Filipe F Conti ◽  
Hugo R Quinteiro ◽  
Morgana Buzin ◽  
Maria-Cláudia Irigoyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Dynamic Resistance ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Combined Exercise ◽  
Combined Exercise Training

The purpose of this study was to compare the cardiovascular autonomic effects between dynamic aerobic, resistance and combined exercise training in ovariectomized diabetic female rats. Female Wistar rats (200-220g) were divided into 4 ovariectomized (bilateral ovaries removal) diabetic (streptozotocin, 50mg/kg, iv) groups: sedentary (DOS) and trained by an aerobic protocol on a treadmill (DOTA), by a resistance protocol in ladder (DOTR), or by a combined protocol in ladder+treadmill on alternate days (DOTC). After 8 weeks of training, the animals were cannulated to arterial pressure (AP) recording and baroreflex sensitivity (BS) evaluation. Heart rate (HR) and systolic AP variabilities were analyzed in the time and frequency domains. Exercise training induced an increase of 77% in the run capacity in the DOTA group (DOS: 8.6±0.6; DOTA: 15.3±0.4; DOTR: 11.5±1.6; DOTC: 15.0±0.2 min), 60% in the maximum load in DOTR group (DOS: 179.7±11.0; DOTA: 167.3±1.5; DOTR: 288.4±7.5; DOTC: 284.6±10.2 % of body weight), and increases in both exercise tests in DOTC (75% and 58%, respectively). All trained animals showed normalization of diabetic induced-resting hypotension and bradycardia, associated with increased HR variance (DOS: 39.6±2.6; DOTA: 71.2±7.2; DOTR: 70.9±12.1; DOTC: 65.7±6.1 ms2) and normalization of the LF band of pulse interval (DOS: 2.7±0.3; DOTA: 5.3±0.4; DOTR: 7.2±1.5; DOTC: 6.8±0.8 ms2) (vs. DOS). The DOTA and DOTC groups (but not DOTR) had higher BS (tachycardic and bradycardic responses), and attenuation in SAP variability (DOS: 7.4±0.8; DOTA: 12.7±1.1; DOTR: 8.9±1.0; DOTC: 13.3±1.0 mmHg2) in relation to DOS. Mortality was higher in DOS group when compared to trained group. In conclusion, the results showed that dynamic aerobic, resistance or combined exercise training induced benefits in physical capacity, hemodynamic and autonomic parameters after ovarian hormone deprivation in diabetic rats. However, the combined exercise training promoted additional effects than aerobic or resistance training in this condition.

Acute exercise adjustments of cardiovascular autonomic control in diabetic rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demilto Yamagushi Da Pureza ◽  
Luciana Jorge ◽  
Iris Callado Sanches ◽  
Maria-cláudia Irigoyen ◽  
Romeu Rodrigues De Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Cardiovascular Autonomic Control

Abstract 32: Exercise Training Corrects Blood-brain Barrier Dysfunction Within Preautonomic Areas Of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats By Normalizing The Augmented Transcytosis

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa B Candido ◽  
Alexandre Ceroni ◽  
Alison Colquhoun ◽  
Lisete C Michelini
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Spontaneous Baroreflex

Introduction: Besides intense neuro-hormonal activation, hypertension is accompanied by blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction within preautonomic areas and marked autonomic imbalance. We showed previously that exercise training (T) corrected both increased BBB leakage and autonomic dysfunction. There is no information on the mechanism(s) conditioning the normalization of BBB function Hypothesis: We hypothesized that T could modify the transcytosis and/or the paracellular transport across the capillary endothelium Methods: SHR and Wistar rats allocated to T (55% maximal capacity) or sedentary (S) protocols were chronically cannulated for hemodynamic/autonomic recordings and determination of BBB permeability (fluorescent Rhodamine-70kDa+FITC-10kDa dyes given ia ). To analyze hypertension- and T-induced BBB changes, paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei (PVN) was harvested and processed for immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy Results: SHR-S vs Wistar-S exhibited augmented SAP and reduced pulse interval (PI) variability, decreased spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BrS), increased both PVN BBB leakage (11.4±0.6 vs 3.48 %area) and transcytosis (8.1±1.2 vs 4.8±0.8 vesicles/capillary) but no change in tight junctions’expression (TJ, number/capillary). SHR-T showed a near normal autonomic control, resting bradycardia and a partial AP reduction (-9%) accompanied by normalization of both BBB leakage (3.6±1.5 %area) and transcytosis (3.8±0.7 vesicles/capillary), and increased TJs’ extension (60% occupancy of capillary borders) without changing its expression. Hypertension- and T-induced transcytosis changes were confirmed by caveolin-1 immunofluorescence (SHR-S=139±11, Wistar-S=86±8, SHR-T=81±6 arbitrary units). There were significant correlations between the number of transcytotic vesicles x PVN BBB leakage (Y=1.77x -3.46, r 2 =0.722, P<0.001) and BBB leakage x SAP variability (Y=2.30x +16.6, r 2 =0.246, P<0.001) Conclusions: PVN BBB dysfunction in hypertension is due to increased transcytosis without changes in the paracellular pathway. Training ameliorates SHR’s autonomic control by normalizing transcytosis, with an additional TJs structure improvement

scholarly journals The Effects of Combined Exercise Training (Resistance-Aerobic) on Serum Kinesin and Physical Function in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (Randomized Controlled Trials)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Hoda Seyedizadeh ◽  
Sadegh Cheragh-Birjandi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Hamedi Nia
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Combined Exercise ◽  
Combined Exercise Training ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetics which causes nerve damage and muscle strength decrease in patients. This in turn results in imbalance leading to the diabetic patients’ daily activity disparity. The present investigation was conducted to specifically study the effects of combined training (resistance-aerobic) on serum kinesin-1 and physical function in type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. 24 diabetic neuropathic females were randomly to be selected out and divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received resistance-aerobic training for 3 sessions during eight weeks. The exercise training included resistance exercises with 2-3 sets, 6-7 exercise stations, 8-12 repetitions (reps), and 3-5 minutes of rest in between the exercises, and the aerobic exercises contained 50-65% of heart rate reserve (HRR) for 3 minutes with 30 seconds of rest interval between sets and 5-10 repetitions. Results show that the serum kinesin-1 level and aerobic endurance declined after eight weeks of combined (resistance-aerobic) exercise training, but this decrease was not significant. The upper body strength increased but it was not significant, while the lower body showed a significant strength increase. With regard to the progressive nature of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, it seems that even the little changes resulting from the combined exercise training can be useful. Nevertheless, more research is required in this area.

scholarly journals L-Glutamine Supplementation Improves the Benefits of Combined-Exercise Training on Oral Redox Balance and Inflammatory Status in Elderly Individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewin B. Almeida ◽  
Juliana M. B. Santos ◽  
Vitória Paixão ◽  
Jonatas B. Amaral ◽  
Roberta Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Elderly Subject ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Combined Exercise ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Combined Exercise Training

Although regular combined aerobic-resistance exercises can ameliorate the inflammatory status and redox balance in elderly population, it is unclear whether protein or specific amino acid supplementation could improve such benefits. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the inflammatory status and redox indexes through of the saliva of 34 elderly subject nonpractitioners (NP group, 73.3±6.6 years) and 49 elderly subject practitioners of a combined-exercise training in moderate intensity (CET group, 71.9±5.8 years) before (pre) and after (post) 30 days of supplementation with L-glutamine (Gln) or placebo (PL). Our results showed that, both in pre- and postsupplementation, the salivary levels of nitric oxide (NO⋅) and TNF-α were lower, whereas the levels of uric acid and IL-10 (as well as IL-10/TNF-α ratio) were higher in the CET groups than in the NP groups. In postsupplementation, both groups supplemented with Gln (NP-Gln and CET-Gln) showed higher salivary uric acid levels compared to baseline. In addition, lower NO⋅ levels were found in the CET-Gln group postsupplementation than presupplementation values. Whereas the CET-Gln group showed lower GSH levels postsupplementation, NP-Gln subjects showed lower GSSG levels at the same time point, both compared to baseline. Interestingly, salivary peroxidase activity was lower only in NP groups (NP-PL and NP-Gln) postsupplementation than baseline values. A positive significant correlation between salivary peroxidase activity and GSH levels, and also between salivary peroxidase activity and uric acid levels were observed in the CET-Gln group both pre- and postsupplementation. No differences were found in albumin, total antioxidant activity (TEAC), and reducing power analysis between groups, pre- or postsupplementation. In conclusion, the elderly subjects from the CET group showed a better inflammatory response and redox balance and, for the first time, it was shown that daily supplementation with Gln for 30 days can improve these benefits with putative association with a healthy aging.

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