scholarly journals Effects of exercise training on quadriceps muscle gene expression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 1976-1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shlomit Radom-Aizik ◽  
Naftali Kaminski ◽  
Shlomo Hayek ◽  
Hillel Halkin ◽  
Dan M. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Muscle Gene Expression ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
Muscle Gene

Exercise capacity and training response are limited in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the extent to which this is related to altered skeletal muscle function is not fully understood. To test the hypothesis that muscle gene expression is altered in COPD, we performed needle biopsies from the vastus lateralis of six COPD patients and five sedentary age-matched healthy men, before and after 3 mo of exercise training. RNA was hybridized to Affymetrix U133A Genechip arrays. In addition, peak O2 uptake and other functional parameters (e.g., 6-min walk) were measured before and after training. The 6-min walk test increased significantly following training in both groups (53.6 ± 18.6 m in controls, P = 0.045; 37.1 ± 6.7 m in COPD, P = 0.002), but peak O2 uptake increased only in controls (19.4 ± 4.5%, P = 0.011). Training significantly altered muscle gene expression in both groups, but the number of affected genes was lower in the COPD patients (231) compared with controls (573). Genes related to energy pathways had higher expression in trained controls. In contrast, oxidative stress, ubiquitin proteasome, and COX gene pathways had higher expression in trained COPD patients, and some genes (e.g., COX11, COX15, and MAPK-9) were upregulated by training only in COPD patients. We conclude that both COPD and control subjects demonstrated functional responses to training but with somewhat different patterns in muscle gene expression. The pathways that are uniquely induced by exercise in COPD (e.g., ubiquitin proteasome and COX) might indicate a greater degree of tissue stress (perhaps by altered O2 and CO2 dynamics) than in controls.

scholarly journals A CLINICAL STUDY ON SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF FORMOTEROL AND TIOTROPIUM COMBINATION COMPARED TO FORMOTEROL AND TIOTROPIUM WITH ROFLUMILAST COMBINATION IN TREATMENT OF MODERATE TO SEVERE CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha Devi M ◽  
Sarumathy S ◽  
Sarath Lal Sasidharan ◽  
Sarumathy S ◽  
Mehanaz Shaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B

 Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of formoterol and tiotropium combination compared to formoterol and tiotropium with roflumilast combination in treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients on inhaled combination therapy. Methods: A comparative prospective interventional study was carried out in 61 COPD patients who were visiting the pulmonary medicine ward during 6 months (October 2016 to March 2017). The patients were randomized into two groups. Group A patients received a combination of formoterol and tiotropium, whereas Group B patients received roflumilast along with formoterol and tiotropium combination. Spirometry tests were done to both the study population. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were noted at the initial visit and after the treatment. All the statistical analyses such as mean and p values were calculated using SPSS 14.0 version software. Results: The average age group of the study population was 57.63±8.3 years. Comorbid condition such as diabetes mellitus was higher in the study groups. Comparison of spirometry reports before and after drug administration in both groups was done. FEV1 and FVC were found to be statistically significant between the study group (0.001, p<0.05).The average mean change of FEV1 before and after treatment in Group B was found to be improved as compared to Group B (0.66). Conclusion: Tiotropium and formoterol with roflumilast combination were found to be safe and effective in moderate-to-severe COPD patients.

scholarly journals Increased HSP70 and TLR2 Gene Expression and Association of HSP70 rs6457452 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism with the Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Croatian Population

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1412
Author(s):  
Iva Hlapčić ◽  
Marija Grdić Grdić Rajković ◽  
Andrea Čeri ◽  
Sanja Dabelić ◽  
Sanja Popović-Grle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Hsp70 Mrna ◽  
Tlr2 Gene ◽  
Copd Patients

Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) engages Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 when found in the extracellular compartment and contributes to inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Since there is growing evidence for the genetic risk factors for COPD, the gene expression of HSP70, TLR2 and TLR4 was determined, as well as the association between HSP70, TLR2 and TLR4 single nucleotide polymorphisms, (SNPs) and COPD. The gene expression was assessed in peripheral blood cells of 137 COPD patients and 95 controls by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), while a total of nine SNPs were genotyped by TaqMan allelic discrimination real-time PCR. HSP70 and TLR2 gene expression was increased in COPD patients compared to the controls, regardless of the disease severity and smoking status of participants. The rs6457452 SNP of HSP70 was associated with COPD, indicating the protective role of the T allele (OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.24–0.89, p = 0.022). Furthermore, COPD C/T heterozygotes showed a decreased HSP70 mRNA level compared to COPD C/C homozygotes. In conclusion, HSP70 and TLR2 may have a role in the pathogenesis of COPD, and the HSP70 rs6457452 variant might influence the genetic susceptibility to COPD in the Croatian population.

scholarly journals Expression of aquaporins in bronchial tissue and lung parenchyma of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Calero ◽  
Jose Luis López-Campos ◽  
Lourdes Gómez Izquierdo ◽  
Rocio Sánchez-Silva ◽  
Jose Luis López-Villalobos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Resection ◽  
Lung Neoplasm ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Bronchial Tissue

Background: Aquaporins AQP1 and AQP5 are highly expressed in the lung. Recent studies have shown that the expression of these proteins may be mechanistically involved in the airway inflammation and in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of AQP1 and AQP5 in the bronchial tissue and the lung parenchyma of patients with COPD and COPD-resistant smokers. Methods: Using a case–control design, we selected a group of 15 subjects with COPD and 15 resistant smokers (smokers without COPD) as a control, all of whom were undergoing lung resection surgery due to a lung neoplasm. We studied the expression of AQP1 and AQP5 in the bronchial tissue and the lung parenchyma by means of immunohistochemistry and reverse-transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction. Tissue expression of AQP1 and AQP5 was semi-quantitatively assessed in terms of intensity and expression by immunohistochemistry using a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (none) to 3 (maximum). Results: There were no significant differences in gene expression between COPD patients and resistant smokers both in the bronchial tissue and in the lung parenchyma. However, AQP1 gene expression was 2.41-fold higher in the parenchyma of smokers with COPD compared to controls, whereas the AQP5 gene showed the opposite pattern, with a 7.75-fold higher expression in the bronchus of smokers with COPD compared with controls. AQP1 and AQP5 proteins were preferentially expressed in endothelial cells, showing a higher intensity for AQP1 (66.7% of cases with an intensity of 3, and 93.3% of subjects with an extension of 3 among patients with COPD). Subtle interstitial disease was associated with type II pneumocyte hyperplasia and an increased expression of AQP1. Conclusions: This study provides pilot observations on the differences in AQP1 and AQP5 expression between COPD patients and COPD-resistant smokers. Our findings suggest a potential role for AQP1 in the pathogenesis of COPD.

The effect of uphill and downhill aerobic exercises on serum Apolipoprotein A1 and Apolipoprotein B levels and their ratio in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rostam Yazdani ◽  
Hamid Marefati ◽  
Armita Shahesmaeili ◽  
Alireza Bagheri ◽  
Ahmad Alinaghi Langari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Before And After

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health issue worldwide. Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercises at steep surfaces on Apo A1 and Apo B serum levels and their ratio in COPD patients. Methods: This interventional study was undertaken on 16 COPD patients. The sample was selected by using the random sampling method. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups of 8 members: uphill and downhill. Spirometry was conducted prior to the exercises and pulmonary volumes were measured. Aerobic exercises (stationary bicycle and treadmill) were started 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The duration of exercises in each session was determined based on the patients’ ability (30-40 min). In the first and second group, exercises were performed on sloped surfaces that were downwards and upwards at a 10-degree angle, respectively. Blood samples were taken from the patients before and after the 8 weeks. Apo A1 and Apo B serum levels and Apo A1 to Apo B ratio were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: ApoA1/Apo B ratio in the uphill group before and after the intervention was 1.43±0.21 and 1.53±0.24 mg/dL, respectively, with P-value=0.36. In the downhill group, this value was 1.27±0.17 and 1.30±0.18, respectively, with a P-value=0.032. Conclusion: In light of the results of the present study, incorporating downhill exercises in COPD patients' rehabilitation program can help improve pulmonary function and prevent atherosclerotic events.

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the impact of exercise training

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (2) ◽  
pp. H380-H391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nia Lewis ◽  
Jinelle C. M. Gelinas ◽  
Philip N. Ainslie ◽  
Jonathan D. Smirl ◽  
Gloria Agar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Cerebrovascular Function ◽  
Before And After

This study examined cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its regulation before and after a short-term periodized aerobic exercise training intervention in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Twenty-eight patients with COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity < 0.7 and <lower limit of normal) and 24 healthy control subjects participated in the study. Extracranial CBF (duplex ultrasound), middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv; transcranial Doppler), cerebrovascular reactivity to hypocapnia and hypercapnia, and dynamic cerebral autoregulation (transfer function analysis) were quantified. These tests were repeated in both patients with COPD ( n = 23) and control subjects ( n = 20) after 8 wk of periodized upper and lower body aerobic exercise training (3 sessions/wk). At baseline, global extracranial CBF was comparable between the COPD and control groups (791 ± 290 vs. 658 ± 143 ml/min, P = 0.25); however, MCAv was lower in patients with COPD compared with control subjects (46 ± 9 vs. 53 ± 10 cm/s, P = 0.05). Although there were no group differences in dynamic cerebral autoregulation or the MCAv response to hypercapnia, patients with COPD had a lower MCAv response to hypocapnia compared with control subjects (−1.1 ± 1.5 vs. −1.6 ± 1.3 cm·s−1·mmHg−1, P = 0.02). After aerobic training, absolute peak O2 consumption increased in both groups, with a greater improvement in control subjects (1.7 ± 0.4 vs. 4.1 ± 0.2 ml·kg−1·min−1, respectively, P = 0.001). Despite these improvements in peak O2 consumption, there were no significant alterations in CBF or any measures of cerebrovascular function after exercise training in either group. In conclusion, patients with COPD have a blunted cerebrovascular response to hypocapnia, and 8 wk of aerobic exercise training did not alter cerebrovascular function despite significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness. NEW & NOTEWORTHY No study to date has investigated whether exercise training can alter resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study is the first to assess CBF regulation at rest, before, and after aerobic exercise training in patients with COPD and healthy control subjects. This study demonstrated that while exercise training improved aerobic fitness, it had little effect on CBF regulation in patients with COPD or control subjects.

scholarly journals The effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on carotid chemoreceptor activity and sensitivity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 1278-1287
Author(s):  
Bradley W. Byers ◽  
Desi P. Fuhr ◽  
Linn E. Moore ◽  
Mohit Bhutani ◽  
Eric Y. L. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Minute Walk

Recent work demonstrates that carotid chemoreceptor (CC) activity/sensitivity is elevated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared with healthy controls, and this elevated chemoreception appears to contribute to increased cardiovascular risk. Exercise training has been shown to normalize CC activity/sensitivity in other populations, and therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) can reduce CC activity/sensitivity in COPD. Forty-five COPD patients [mean FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s) = 56.6% predicted] completed PR, while 15 COPD patients (mean FEV1 = 74.6% predicted) served as non-PR controls. CC activity was determined by the reduction in ventilation while breathing transient hyperoxia ([Formula: see text] = 1.0); CC sensitivity was evaluated by the increase in ventilation relative to the drop in arterial saturation while breathing hypoxia. Dyspnea, six-minute walk and autonomic function data were also obtained. PR improved 6-minute walk distance ( P < 0.001) and dyspnea ( P = 0.04); however, there was no effect on CC activity ( P = 0.60), sensitivity ( P = 0.69), or autonomic function ( P > 0.05 for all). Subgroup analyses indicated that PR reduced CC activity in those with elevated baseline CC activity, independent of changes in autonomic function. No change in dyspnea ( P = 0.24), CC activity ( P = 0.19), sensitivity ( P = 0.80), or autonomic function ( P > 0.05 for all) was observed in the control group. Despite improvements in exercise tolerance and dyspnea, PR appears to be generally ineffective at reducing CC sensitivity in stable COPD patients; while PR reduced CC activity in those with elevated basal CC activity, the physiological significance of this is unclear. Further investigations aimed at improving CC function in COPD are needed. NEW & NOTEWORTHY While work in other chronic diseases has shown that exercise training may help normalize carotid chemoreceptor (CC) activity/sensitivity, the current study found that exercise training through pulmonary rehabilitation did not consistently reduce CC activity/sensitivity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). These results suggest that other interventions are needed to normalize CC activity/sensitivity in COPD.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of administration of bronchodilator by spacers, home-made spacers and nebulizers in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2417
Author(s):  
Andrean Lesmana ◽  
Amira Permatasari Tarigan ◽  
Fajrinur Syarani
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Dry Powder Inhaler ◽  
Dose Inhaler ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Physiological Values

Background: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchodilator therapy using dry powder inhaler (DPI) or a measured dose inhaler (MDI) is more convenient at a lower cost than nebulizer therapy. Mistakes in the use of MDI often occur due to lack of coordination but with the addition of spacers, drawbacks in the use of this MDI can be overcome so that it does not require coordination. Commercial spacers are relatively expensive and not available anywhere while home-made spacers made from bottles of mineral water are very cheap and can be made alone. Study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of each device, namely a spacer, a home-made spacer and nebulizer.Methods: This study is an experimental study of 62 COPD patients who received bronchodilators using spacers, home-made spacers, and nebulizers. Spirometry is performed for each sample before and after bronchodilator administration to assess FEV1, KVP and changes in VAS dyspnea. The difference in the effectiveness of bronchodilators for various devices in COPD patients was statistically analyzed using the ANOVA test.Results: There were significant differences in the values of VEP1, KVP and VAS dyspnoea after bronchodilator administration through the spacer, home-made spacer and nebulizer (p<0.001), (p=0.002), (p<0.001). The increase in% VEP1 with a nebulizer device was higher than that of a spacer (p=0.001) and the increase in% VEP1 with the nebulizer device was also significantly significant compared to home-made spacer (p<0.001). The increase in% KVP with the nebulizer device was higher than that of home-made spacer (p<0.001), as well as between spacers and home-made spacers and this was significant (p=0.038). The decrease in VAS dyspnoea in patients using nebulizer device than the spacer (p<0.001). Decreasing VAS dyspnoea with nebulizer devices is higher compared to home-made spacers, also gives significant results (p<0.001). There were no differences in the decrease in VAS dyspnoea between spacers and home-made spacers.Conclusions: The administration of bronchodilators by use of three devices (spacers, home-made spacers and nebulizers) can significantly increase the values of FEV1, KVP and VAS dyspnoea. On the use of spacers and home-made spacers, the increase of pulmonary physiological values is not significantly different.

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