scholarly journals Arterial structure and function during and after long-duration spaceflight

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart M. C. Lee ◽  
L. Christine Ribeiro ◽  
David S. Martin ◽  
Sara R. Zwart ◽  
Alan H. Feiveson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Earth Orbit ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Arterial Structure ◽  
And Function

Carotid artery structure and stiffness did not change on average in astronauts during long-duration spaceflight (<12 mo), despite increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Most oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers returned to preflight levels soon after landing. Brachial artery structure and function also were unchanged by spaceflight. In this group of healthy middle-aged male and female astronauts, spaceflight in low Earth orbit does not appear to increase long-term cardiovascular health risk.

Arterial Structure And Function In Women And Men Following Long Duration Bed Rest

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Stuart M. C. Lee ◽  
Michael B. Stenger ◽  
David S. Martin ◽  
Steven H. Platts
Keyword(s):  
Bed Rest ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Arterial Structure ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Effects of long-term exposure to the low-earth orbit environment on drag augmentation systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaria Serfontein ◽  
Jennifer Kingston ◽  
Stephen Hobbs ◽  
Susan A. Impey ◽  
Adrianus I. Aria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Earth Orbit

scholarly journals Arterial structure and function and environmental exposure to cadmium

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 412-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Schutte ◽  
T Nawrot ◽  
T Richart ◽  
L Thijs ◽  
H A Roels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Arterial Structure ◽  
And Function

Lung Structure And Function Relation In Elastase-Treated Rats: A Long-Term Follow Up Study

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margit V. Szabari ◽  
Jozsef Tolnai ◽  
Balazs Maar ◽  
Harikrishnan Parameswaran ◽  
Elizabeth Bartolak-Suki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Lung Structure ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
And Function ◽  
Function Relation

Abstract P138: Long-term Effects Of Severe Caloric Restriction To The Heart Function

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline M De Souza ◽  
Jonathas Almeida ◽  
Nataliia Shults ◽  
Hong Ji ◽  
Kathryn Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Isolated Hearts ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
And Function

Severe caloric restriction (sCR) increases the risk for acute cardiovascular disease. Less understood are the long-term effects on cardiovascular disease risk after the sCR period has ended. We investigated the effects of sCR on heart structure and function months after refeeding (sCR-Refed). Female Fischer rats (3-months-old) were maintained on (CT) ad libitum or a 60% caloric restricted diet for 2 weeks. Thereafter, all rats received ad libitum chow for 3 months and they were analyzed by precision ultrasound to assess their heart function. After imaging, the animals were sacrificed and the hearts were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) using a Langendorff preparation. After 2 weeks of sCR, rats lost 15% of their initial body weight (BW) [% (100*(Final-Initial/Initial)): CT, 1.5±0.8 vs sCR, -15.4±1.1; p<0.001;n=8]. After 3 months of refeeding, there was no detectable difference in BW between CT and sFR-Refed groups. Isolated hearts from the sCR-Refed rats exhibited worse myocardial pathology after I/R compared to CT rats. The parallel orientation of myofibers and striations normally present in cardiomyocytes was lost in sCR-Refed rats. Further analysis revealed uneven blood-filling of the microcirculatory vessels and prominent interstitial edema of the myocardium. Hearts from sCR-Refed rats had more atrophied cardiomyocytes than CT [Atrophied/Total (%): CT, 0.2±0.1 vs sCR-Refed, 50.6±1.1; p<0.001; n=5]. The number of arrhythmic events during a 30 min ischemic interval in isolated hearts doubled after 2 weeks on the sCR diet ( data not shown ) and remained doubled 3 months later [Arrhythmias (% of time): CT, 34±8 vs sCR-Refed, 68±9; p=0.02; n=8]. Ultrasound imaging showed no difference in stroke volume, coronary perfusion pressure and left ventricular mass. However, the thickness of the left ventricular posterior wall was significantly reduced in sCR-Refed rats [(mm): CT, 2.55 ±0.03 vs sCR-Refed, 2.10±0.04; p=0.002; n=4]. These findings indicate heart structure and function remained damaged months after the sCR period ended and BW was restored. These studies have adverse cardiovascular risk implications for who are subjected either voluntarily (crash diets) or involuntarily (very low food security) to periods of inadequate caloric intake.

Long-term changes in structure and function of a tropical headwater stream following a disease-driven amphibian decline

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi M. Rantala ◽  
Amanda M. Nelson ◽  
Jessica N. Fulgoni ◽  
Matt R. Whiles ◽  
Robert O. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphibian Decline ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Headwater Stream ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Alterations of the thyroid structure and function in experimental hypopinealism

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
L A Bondarenko ◽  
L Iu Sergienko ◽  
N N Sotnik ◽  
A N Cherevko
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽  
Thyroid Axis ◽  
And Function ◽  
Sexually Mature

The pituitary-thyroid axis of young sexually mature rabbits kept under a 24-hour daylight photoperiod was shown to undergo phase-modulated variations of hormonal activity with its initial increase (during the first month) and subsequent progressive decrease (within 2-5 months after the onset of exposure to light). These changes correlated with the time-dependent fall in the blood T3, T4, and TSH levels. Simultaneously, the animals developed pathological changes in the histological structure of the thyroid gland similar to those in patients with secondary or tertiary hypothyroidism. It is concluded that hormonal and structural changes in the thyroid gland during long-term hypopinealism should be regarded as an experimental model of hypothyroidism of neuroendocrine origin.

scholarly journals Androgenic anabolic steroids and arterial structure and function in male bodybuilders

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A Sader ◽  
Kaye A Griffiths ◽  
Robyn J McCredie ◽  
David J Handelsman ◽  
David S Celermajer
Keyword(s):  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Arterial Structure ◽  
Androgenic Anabolic Steroids ◽  
And Function
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