Differential metabolic capacity of mice selected for magnitude of swim stress-induced analgesia

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 677-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona B. Łapo ◽  
Marek Konarzewski ◽  
Bogdan Sadowski
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Capacity ◽  
Swim Stress ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
The Relationship

Maximum oxygen consumption (V˙o 2) elicited by swimming in 20°C water or by exposure to −2.5°C in helium-oxygen (Helox) atmosphere is higher in mice selected for low (LA) than for high (HA) stress-induced analgesia (SIA) produced by swimming. However, this line difference is greater with respect to swim- than to cold-elicited V˙o 2. To study the relationship between the analgesic and thermogenic mechanisms, we acclimated HA and LA mice to 5°C or to daily swimming at 20 or 32°C. Next, the acclimated mice were exposed to a Helox test at −2.5°C and to a swim test at 20°C to compareV˙o 2 and hypothermia (ΔT). Cold acclimation raised V˙o 2 and decreased ΔT. These effects were similar in both lines in the Helox test but were smaller in the HA than in the LA line in the swim test. HA and LA mice acclimated to 20 or 32°C swims increasedV˙o 2 and decreased ΔT elicited by swimming, but only HA mice acclimated to 20°C swims increasedV˙o 2 and decreased ΔT in the Helox test. We conclude that the between-line difference in swimV˙o 2 results from a stronger modulation of thermogenic capacities of HA mice by a swim stress-related mechanism, resulting in SIA. We suggest that the predisposition to SIA observed in laboratory as well as wild animals may significantly affect both the results of laboratory measurements ofV˙o 2 and the interpretation of its intra- and interspecific variation.

scholarly journals Relationship between VO2max, under Water Swim Testing and Artistic Swim Solo Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. E27-E31
Author(s):  
Eric Viana ◽  
David J Bentley ◽  
Heather M. Logan-Sprenger
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Solo Performance ◽  
Performance Score ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between: 1) laboratory-determined cycling peak oxygen consumption (VO2max) and AS performance in a new underwater swim test (UWST), and 2) cycling VO2max and ventilatory threshold (VT) in cycling and performance score during a simulated AS solo routine. Trained artistic swimmers (n=15, 15.8±0.8 yrs., height: 169.1±5.4 cm, body mass: 57.1±6.3 kg) completed (1) a maximal incremental cycle test to exhaustion to determine VO2max, (2) the UWST which comprised 275 m of freestyle and underwater breaststroke, and (3) a simulated solo competition where artistic swimming elements were evaluated by five FINA judges. There was a significant correlation between mean element score and (i) VO2max (48±4 mL. kg.min−1, r=0.44, p=0.05), and (ii) UWST (r=−0.64, p=0.005). However, there was an insignificant relationship between cycling ventilatory threshold and mean element score (r=–0.36, p=0.10). In addition, the results demonstrate a significant relationship between HR at the ventilatory threshold and peak HR of the UWST (r=–0.64, p=0.014). The results of this study demonstrate that VO2max is an important determinant of AS performance. In addition, the UWST appears to be a useful indicator of AS performance.

The respiratory metabolism of temperature-adapted flatfish at rest and during swimming activity and the use of anaerobic metabolism at moderate swimming speeds

1982 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Duthie
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
White Muscle ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Swimming Activity ◽  
Respiratory Metabolism ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cost Of Locomotion ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

(1) The standard oxygen consumption and the oxygen consumption during measured swimming activity have been determined in three flatfish species at 5, 10 and 15 degrees C. (2) The relationship between weight and standard oxygen consumption for flatfish conform to the general relationship Y = aWb. On an interspecies basis, standard oxygen consumption of flatfish is significantly lower than that of roundfish. (3) A semilogarithmic model describes the relationship between oxygen consumption and swimming speed for the three species. Values for maximum oxygen consumption, metabolic scopes and critical swimming speeds are low in comparison to salmonids. (4) The optimum swimming speeds and critical swimming speeds of flatfish are similar. It is suggested that, over long distances, flatfish adopt a strategy of swimming at supercritical speeds with periods of intermittent rest to repay the accrued oxygen debt. (5) Elevated lactic acid levels in flounder white muscle after moderate swimming indicate an additional 15% anaerobic contribution to the cost of locomotion as calculated from aerobic considerations.

scholarly journals The Variation of Muscle Oxygen Consumption With Velocity of Shortening

1965 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Baskin
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Sartorius Muscle ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Shortening Velocity ◽  
Muscle Oxygen ◽  
Velocity Of Shortening ◽  
Muscle Oxygen Consumption ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Frog Sartorius

Total oxygen consumption following contraction at controlled shortening velocities was determined for ten twitches of frog sartorius muscle. Under the conditions of this investigation maximum oxygen consumption occurred at approximately 30 mm/sec. shortening velocity and decreased for larger and smaller velocities. Mechanical efficiency was calculated and found to show a maximum at approximately 20 mm/sec. shortening velocity. The relationship between this study and a similar investigation in which heat changes are measured as a function of shortening velocity is discussed.

CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM UNDER BICYCLE ERGOMETER TEST IN SKIERS WITH DIFFERENT TRAINING STATUS (KOMI REPUBLIC)

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Yu.G. Solonin ◽  
T.P. Loginova ◽  
I.O. Garnov ◽  
A.L. Markov ◽  
A.A. Chernykh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Bicycle Ergometry ◽  
Cardiorespiratory System ◽  
Unit Pulse ◽  
Ski Racers

The aim of the study is to examine the impact of training status on ski racers (Komi Republic) at rest and under bicycle ergometry evaluating their cardiorespiratory system parameters. Materials and Methods. The authors examined male ski racers with different training status: 22 first-rank sportsmen, 22 candidates for Master of Sports and 22 Masters of Sports. Athletes underwent bicycle ergometry loads up to refusal. Oxycon Pro system (Germany) was used. Then authors studied the complex of cardiorespiratory parameters, calculating maximum oxygen consumption and unit physiological cost. Results. At rest and under standard physical load (200 W) Masters of Sports demonstrate significantly increased training status among ski racers in such cardiorespiratory system parameters as heart rate, rate pressure product and oxygen pulse. Under standard physical load (200 W) statistically significant differences between first-rank sportsmen and candidates for Master of Sports are detected by heart rate, rate pressure product, respiration rate, respiratory minute volume and oxygen utilization coefficient. Such deviations indicate differences in training status. Under maximum load, the highest training status is found in Masters of Sports: bicycle ergometry load power and duration; unit pulse, pressor and cardiac cost, bulk and unit values of maximum oxygen consumption. Heart rate values, unit pulse and heart-vent cost indicate a high training status in candidates for Master of Sports under load up to refusal, if compared with first-rank sportsmen. Athletes’ organism under load up to refusal works more efficiently than under moderate load (200 W). The training status in ski racers (Komi Republic) is manifested in the saving cardiorespiratory system functions, both at rest and under standard bicycle ergometry, as well as in parameters of unit physiological cost under loads up to refusal and increased values of maximum oxygen consumption. Keywords: ski racers, Komi Republic, training status, bicycle ergometry loads, cardiorespiratory system, maximum oxygen consumption.

scholarly journals Zumba®, Fat Mass and Maximum Oxygen Consumption: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Manuel Chavarrias ◽  
Santos Villafaina ◽  
Ana Myriam Lavín-Pérez ◽  
Jorge Carlos-Vivas ◽  
Eugenio Merellano-Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Large Heterogeneity

Background and objectives: Obesity or overweight is associated with many health risk factors and preventable mortality. Even people with normal weight and without history of obesity or overweight should avoid weight gain to reduce health risks factors. In this regard Latin aerobic dances involved in Zumba® practice make this modality motivating for people. Apart from weight loss and VO2peak benefits, Zumba practice is also interesting by the increase in adherence which can also avoid weight regain. The aim was to systematically review the scientific literature about the effects of any randomized intervention of Zumba® practice on total fat mass (%) and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2peak), besides establishing directions for the clinical practice. Evidence acquisition: Two systematic searches were conducted in two electronic databases following the PRISMA guidelines. The eligibility criteria were (a) outcomes: body mass or VO2peak data including mean and standard deviation (SD) before and after Zumba® intervention, (b) study design: randomized controlled trial (RCT) and (c) language: English. GRADE guidelines were used to assess the quality of evidence. A meta-analysis was performed to determine mean differences. Nine and four studies were selected for fat mass percentage and VO2peak in the systematic review, respectively. However, only eight studies for fat mass percentage and three for VO2peak could be included in the meta-analysis. Evidence synthesis: The overall standardized mean difference for fat mass was −0.25 with a 95% CI from −0.67 to 0.16 with a p-value of 0.69, with large heterogeneity. On the other hand, the overall effect size for VO2peak was 0.53 (95% CI from 0.04 to 1.02 with a p-value of 0.03) with large heterogeneity. Conclusions: Based on the evidence, we cannot conclude that Zumba® is effective at reducing body mass but it may improve VO2peak. However, the limited number of studies that met the inclusion criteria makes it too early to reach a definite conclusion, so more research is needed.

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