Daily restricted feeding resets the circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of CS mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. R607-R615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Abe ◽  
Sato Honma ◽  
Ken-ichi Honma
Keyword(s):  
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ◽  
Clock Gene ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Phase Relationship ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Circadian Pacemaker ◽  
Access To Food

Circadian rhythms in clock gene expressions in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of CS mice and C57BL/6J mice were measured under a daily restricted feeding (RF) schedule in continuous darkness (DD), and entrainment of the SCN circadian pacemaker to RF was examined. After 2–3 wk under a light-dark cycle with free access to food, animals were released into DD and fed for 3 h at a fixed time of day for 3–4 wk. Subsequently, they returned to having free access to food for 2–3 wk. In CS mice, wheel-running rhythms entrained to RF with a stable phase relationship between the activity onset and feeding time, and the rhythms started to free run from the feeding time after the termination of RF. mPer1, mPer2, and mBMAL1 mRNA rhythms in the SCN showed a fixed phase relationship with feeding time, indicating that the circadian pacemaker in the SCN entrained to RF. On the other hand, in C57BL/6J mice, wheel-running rhythms free ran under RF, and clock gene expression rhythms in the SCN showed a stable phase relation not to feeding time but to the behavioral rhythms, indicating that the circadian pacemaker in the SCN did not entrain. These results indicate that the SCN circadian pacemaker of CS mice is entrainable to RF under DD and suggest that CS mice have a circadian clock system that can be reset by a signal associated with feeding time.

scholarly journals Effects of Feeding Time on Markers of Muscle Metabolic Flexibility Following Acute Aerobic Exercise in Trained Mice Undergoing Time Restricted Feeding

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1717
Author(s):  
Aaron Persinger ◽  
Matthew Butawan ◽  
Martina Faietti ◽  
Ashley Pryke ◽  
Kyley Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Metabolic Flexibility ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Access To Food

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is becoming a popular way of eating in physically active populations, despite a lack of research on metabolic and performance outcomes as they relate to the timing of food consumption in relation to the time of exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine if the timing of feeding/fasting after exercise training differently affects muscle metabolic flexibility and response to an acute bout of exercise. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomized to one of three groups for 8 weeks. The control had ad libitum access to food before and after exercise training. TRF-immediate had immediate access to food for 6 h following exercise training and the TRF-delayed group had access to food 5-h post exercise for 6 h. The timing of fasting did not impact performance in a run to fatigue despite TRF groups having lower hindlimb muscle mass. TRF-delayed had lower levels of muscle HSL mRNA expression and lower levels of PGC-1α expression but displayed no changes in electron transport chain enzymes. These results suggest that in young populations consuming a healthy diet and exercising, the timing of fasting may not substantially impact metabolic flexibility and running performance.

Phase-shifting the light-dark cycle resets the food-entrainable circadian pacemaker

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (4) ◽  
pp. R994-R1000
Author(s):  
J. E. Ottenweller ◽  
W. N. Tapp ◽  
B. H. Natelson
Keyword(s):  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Phase Shifting ◽  
Phase Advance ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Circadian Pacemaker ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Running Wheels ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Circadian Pacemakers

This experiment examined coupling between two circadian pacemakers, one entrained by light and the other by food. Rats were housed in running wheels: one-half on restricted feeding from 0900 to 1100 h whereas the others were free fed. After timed-fed rats developed bursts of running before 0900 h, all rats were given free access to food. A month later, the light-dark (LD) cycles for one-half the rats in each group were delayed by 6 h. After entrainment to the new LD cycles, all rats were probed with 96-h periods of food deprivation. During these probes, unshifted timed-fed rats ran more than their free-fed controls at 0600-1200 h, but delayed timed-fed rats ran more than their controls at 1200-1500 h, i.e., 6 h later than unshifted rats. Next, the unshifted rats were subjected to a 6-h advance in their LD cycle. One month later, all rats were again probed with food deprivation. Delayed timed-fed rats continued to run more at 1200-1500 h than their free-fed controls, but timed-fed and free-fed phase-advanced rats showed similar activity patterns after the phase advance. However, when activity patterns before these probes were subtracted, timed-fed advanced rats showed greater “responses” to food deprivation at 0001-0300 h than their free-fed controls, i.e., 6 h earlier than before the phase advance. Thus LD shifts delayed and advanced the running that was previously associated with food availability and reset the food-entrainable circadian pacemaker.

Clock Gene Daily Profiles and Their Phase Relationship in the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Are Affected by Photoperiod

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Sumová ◽  
Martin Jáč ◽  
Martin Sládek ◽  
Ivo Šauman ◽  
Helena Illnerová
Keyword(s):  
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ◽  
Clock Gene ◽  
Phase Relationship

Effects of restricted feeding and re-feeding of Barbarine lambs: intake, growth and non-carcass components

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mahouachi ◽  
N. Atti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Mesenteric Fat ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

Abstract Fifty intact male Barbarine lambs were used to assess the effects of restricted feeding and re-alimentation on intake, growth and non-carcass components. Five lambs were slaughtered at the start of the trial, the remainder were randomly allocated into three groups. One group was offered only stubble grazing (low: L), another, also on stubble, received, indoors, an average of 80 g dry matter (DM) of soya-bean meal per day (medium: M); the third group was kept indoors and had free access to hay and 450 g of concentrate per day (high: H). At the end of this restriction period (70 days), five lambs per group were slaughtered. The 10 remaining animals in each group were divided into two groups receiving concentrate and hay ad libitum. The crude protein content (CP) of the concentrate was 160 and 210 g/kg DM for the two treatments, respectively. At the end of the trial all animals were slaughtered at 37·61 ± 2·05 kg live weight.In the restriction period, sheep from the H group had a significantly higher growth rate (108 g/day) than L group (61 g/day) with M intermediate. The empty body weight (EBW) as well as carcass weight were significantly higher in H than in restricted sheep. Digestive tract components and liver weight were the same for all treatments. However, skin weight was significantly (P < 0·01) affected by dietary treatment. The heart and lungs were also heavier in H lambs than in the two other groups. Conversely, the relative weights of gut and liver as proportion of EBW increased in restricted lambs, while that of skin and red organs was not affected by diet.In the re-alimentation period and with both CP levels, the compensating animals showed the same growth rate as the previous unrestricted ones. At the end of this period, organ weights, in both absolute and relative value, were comparable among lambs of the three nutritional histories and two CP level. The absolute and proportional daily gains were similar in all animals for visceral and external organs, but they were significantly higher in H lambs than in L and M ones for the omental and mesenteric fat and testis.

Behaviour of Rats During Selfinitiated Pauses in Feeding and Drinking, and during Periodic Response-Independent Delivery of Food and Water

1980 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Roper
Keyword(s):  
Good Predictor ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Baseline Level ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Interreinforcement Interval ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Periodic Response ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Schedule Induction

In Experiment I rats deprived of either food or water were given free access to food or water respectively, and their behaviour was observed during self-imposed pauses in feeding or drinking. In Experiment II food or water were delivered according to fixed-time 30-s and fixed-time 60-s schedules, and the behaviour of the rats was observed during the interreinforcement intervals imposed by these schedules. In both experiments the temporal pattern of those activities that occurred during pauses in eating differed from the pattern of activities occurring during pauses in drinking; and with both food and water the temporal pattern of activities during self-imposed pauses in consummatory behaviour in Experiment I proved a good predictor of the pattern of activities during schedule-imposed interreinforcement intervals in Experiment II. This suggests that intermittent schedules permit the occurrence of those activities that are normally closely associated with the consummatory behaviour in question. In Experiment II certain activities that occurred towards the end of the interreinforcement interval were found to be enhanced relative to baseline level, but there was no enhancement of activities occurring near the beginning of the interval. This is contrary to Staddon's (1977) account of schedule-induced behaviour, and suggests that schedule-induction is not as common as has sometimes been supposed.

Beneficial effects of voluntary wheel running on the properties of dystrophic mouse muscle

1996 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 670-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hayes ◽  
D. A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Mdx Mice ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Force Output ◽  
Mouse Muscle ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Effects of voluntary exercise on the isometric contractile, fatigue, and histochemical properties of hindlimb dystrophic (mdx and 129ReJ dy/dy) skeletal muscles were investigated. Mice were allowed free access to a voluntary running wheel at 4 wk of age for a duration of 16 (mdx) or 5 (dy/dy) wk. Running performance of mdx mice (approximately 4 km/day at 1.6 km/h) was inferior to normal mice (approximately 6.5 km/day at 2.1 km/h). However, exercise improved the force output (approximately 15%) and the fatigue resistance of both C57BL/10 and mdx soleus muscles. These changes coincided with increased proportions of smaller type I fibers and decreased proportions of larger type IIa fibers in the mdx soleus. The extensor digitorum longus of mdx, but not of normal, mice also exhibited improved resistance to fatigue and conversion towards oxidative fiber types. The dy/dy animals were capable of exercising, yet ran significantly less than normal animals (approximately 0.5 km/day). Despite this, running increased the force output of the plantaris muscle (approximately 50%). Taken together, the results showed that exercise can have beneficial effects on dystrophic skeletal muscles.

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