scholarly journals Cholinergic and glutamatergic agonists induce gamma frequency activity in dorsal subcoeruleus nucleus neurons

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (2) ◽  
pp. C327-C335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christen Simon ◽  
Nebojsa Kezunovic ◽  
D. Keith Williams ◽  
Francisco J. Urbano ◽  
E. Garcia-Rill
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Channel ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Gamma Frequency ◽  
Subthreshold Oscillations ◽  
Channel Dependent ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Subcoeruleus Nucleus ◽  
Band Activity

The dorsal subcoeruleus nucleus (SubCD) is involved in generating two signs of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep: muscle atonia and ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves. We tested the hypothesis that single cell and/or population responses of SubCD neurons are capable of generating gamma frequency activity in response to intracellular stimulation or receptor agonist activation. Whole cell patch clamp recordings (immersion chamber) and population responses (interface chamber) were conducted on 9- to 20-day-old rat brain stem slices. All SubCD neurons ( n = 103) fired at gamma frequency when subjected to depolarizing steps. Two statistically distinct populations of neurons were observed, which were distinguished by their high (>80 Hz, n = 24) versus low (35–80 Hz, n = 16) initial firing frequencies. Both cell types exhibited subthreshold oscillations in the gamma range ( n = 43), which may underlie the gamma band firing properties of these neurons. The subthreshold oscillations were blocked by the sodium channel blockers tetrodotoxin (TTX, n = 21) extracellularly and N-(2,6-dimethylphenylcarbamoylmethyl)triethylammonium bromide (QX-314) intracellularly ( n = 5), indicating they were sodium channel dependent. Gamma frequency subthreshold oscillations were observed in response to the nonspecific cholinergic receptor agonist carbachol (CAR, n = 11, d = 1.08) and the glutamate receptor agonists N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA, n = 12, d = 1.09) and kainic acid (KA, n = 13, d = 0.96), indicating that cholinergic and glutamatergic inputs may be involved in the activation of these subthreshold currents. Gamma band activity also was observed in population responses following application of CAR ( n = 4, P < 0.05), NMDA ( n = 4, P < 0.05) and KA ( n = 4, P < 0.05). Voltage-sensitive, sodium channel-dependent gamma band activity appears to be a part of the intrinsic membrane properties of SubCD neurons.

scholarly journals Gamma Band Unit Activity and Population Responses in the Pedunculopontine Nucleus

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 463-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christen Simon ◽  
Nebojsa Kezunovic ◽  
Meijun Ye ◽  
James Hyde ◽  
A. Hayar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paradoxical Sleep ◽  
Pedunculopontine Nucleus ◽  
Cholinergic Receptor ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Type I ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity

The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is involved in the activated states of waking and paradoxical sleep, forming part of the reticular activating system (RAS). The studies described tested the hypothesis that single unit and/or population responses of PPN neurons are capable of generating gamma band frequency activity. Whole cell patch clamp recordings (immersion chamber) and population responses (interface chamber) were conducted on 9- to 20-day-old rat brain stem slices. Regardless of cell type (I, II, or III) or type of response to the nonselective cholinergic receptor agonist carbachol (excitation, inhibition, biphasic), almost all PPN neurons fired at gamma band frequency, but no higher, when subjected to depolarizing steps (50 ± 2 Hz, mean ± SE). Nonaccommodating neurons fired at 18–100 Hz throughout depolarizing steps, while most accommodating neurons exhibited gamma band frequency of action potentials followed by gamma band membrane oscillations. These oscillations were blocked by the sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX), suggesting that at least some are mediated by sodium currents. Population responses in the PPN showed that carbachol induced peaks of activation in the theta and gamma range, while glutamatergic receptor agonists induced overall increases in activity at theta and gamma frequencies, although in differing patterns. Gamma band activity appears to be a part of the intrinsic membrane properties of PPN neurons, and the population as a whole generates different patterns of gamma band activity under the influence of specific transmitters. Given sufficient excitation, the PPN may impart gamma band activation on its targets.

Gamma band activity in an auditory oddball paradigm studied with the wavelet transform

2001 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 1219-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.G Gurtubay ◽  
M Alegre ◽  
A Labarga ◽  
A Malanda ◽  
J Iriarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Auditory Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Band Activity

scholarly journals Increased Thalamic Gamma Band Activity Correlates with Symptom Relief following Deep Brain Stimulation in Humans with Tourette’s Syndrome

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e44215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Maling ◽  
Rowshanak Hashemiyoon ◽  
Kelly D. Foote ◽  
Michael S. Okun ◽  
Justin C. Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Tourette's Syndrome ◽  
Tourette’S Syndrome ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity ◽  
Deep Brain

Gamma band activity and its synchronization reflect the dysfunctional emotional processing in alexithymic persons

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Matsumoto ◽  
Yoko Ichikawa ◽  
Noriaki Kanayama ◽  
Hideki Ohira ◽  
Tetsuya Iidaka
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity

scholarly journals Increased EEG gamma band activity in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment

2008 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 1301-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. van Deursen ◽  
E. F. P. M. Vuurman ◽  
F. R. J. Verhey ◽  
V. H. J. M. van Kranen-Mastenbroek ◽  
W. J. Riedel
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity

Interictal Abnormalities of Gamma Band Activity in Visual Evoked Responses in Migraine: An Indication of Thalamocortical Dysrhythmia?

Cephalalgia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1360-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Coppola ◽  
A Ambrosini ◽  
L Di Clemente ◽  
D Magis ◽  
A Fumal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Pattern Reversal ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Visual Evoked Responses ◽  
High Frequency Oscillations ◽  
Thalamocortical Dysrhythmia ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity ◽  
Visual Evoked

Between attacks, migraineurs lack habituation in standard visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Visual stimuli also evoke high-frequency oscillations in the gamma band range (GBOs, 20–35 Hz) assumed to be generated both at subcortical (early GBOs) and cortical levels (late GBOs). The consecutive peaks of GBOs were analysed regarding amplitude and habituation in six successive blocks of 100 averaged pattern reversal (PR)-VEPs in healthy volunteers and interictally in migraine with (MA) or without aura patients. Amplitude of the two early GBO components in the first PR-VEP block was significantly increased in MA patients. There was a significant habituation deficit of the late GBO peaks in migraineurs. The increased amplitude of early GBOs could be related to the increased interictal visual discomfort reported by patients. We hypothesize that the hypo-functioning serotonergic pathways may cause, in line with the thalamocortical dysrhythmia theory, a functional disconnection of the thalamus leading to decreased intracortical lateral inhibition, which can induce dishabituation.

scholarly journals High-threshold Ca2+channels behind gamma band activity in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. e12431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brennon Luster ◽  
Stasia D'Onofrio ◽  
Francisco Urbano ◽  
Edgar Garcia-Rill
Keyword(s):  
Pedunculopontine Nucleus ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
High Threshold ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Ca2 Channels ◽  
Band Activity

scholarly journals Neurophenomenology of Out-of-Body experiences induced by hypnotic suggestions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Facco ◽  
Edoardo Casiglia ◽  
Benedikt Emanuel Al Khafaji ◽  
Francesco Finatti ◽  
Gian Marco Duma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Multisensory Integration ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Altered State ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Body Experiences ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity ◽  
Hypnotic Suggestions

Inducing out-of-body experiences in hypnosis (H-OBEs) offers an almost unique opportunity to investigate them in a controlled condition.OBEs were induced as imaginative task in resting conditions (I-OBE) or in hypnosis (H-OBE) in 15 high hypnotizable subjects. A 32-channel EEG was recorded and the spectral power and imaginary coherence were calculated. At the end of each session, the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI) was administered to check the phenomenological aspects of their experience.Significantly higher scores in the Altered State, Positive Affect, Altered Experience and Attention subdimensions of the PCI were reported in H-OBE than in I-OBE, which were associated to a significant decrease of power in beta and gamma band activity in right parieto-temporal derivations. Our result suggest that H-OBE may be an appealing model of “true” OBEs, including an alteration of multisensory integration in right parieto-temporal brain areas.

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