Validating a conceptual framework for the core concept of “cell-cell communication”

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Michael ◽  
Patricia Martinkova ◽  
Jenny McFarland ◽  
Ann Wright ◽  
William Cliff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
The Core ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Institutional Types ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Cell Cell

We have created and validated a conceptual framework for the core physiology concept of “cell-cell communication.” The conceptual framework is composed of 51 items arranged in a hierarchy that is, in some instances, four levels deep. We have validated it with input from faculty who teach at a wide variety of institutional types. All items making up the framework were deemed essential to moderately important. However, some of the main ideas were clearly judged to be more important than others. Furthermore, the lower in the hierarchy an item is, the less important it is thought to be. Finally, there was no significant difference in the ratings given by faculty at different types of institutions.

scholarly journals A conceptual framework for the core concept of “cell membrane”

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Michael ◽  
Harold Modell
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
The Core ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Institutional Types ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Main Ideas

We have created and validated a conceptual framework for the core physiology concept of “cell membrane.” The conceptual framework is composed of 27 items arranged in a hierarchy that is, in some instances, four levels deep. We have validated it with input from faculty who teach at a wide variety of institutional types. All items making up the framework were deemed essential to moderately important. However, some of the main ideas were clearly judged to be more important than others. Furthermore, the lower in the hierarchy an item is located, the less important it is thought to be. Finally, there was no significant difference in the ratings given by faculty at different types of institutions.

scholarly journals A Conceptual Framework for the Core Concept of Cell‐Cell Communications

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Michael ◽  
William Cliff ◽  
Jenny McFarland ◽  
Ann Wright ◽  
Harold Modell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cell Cell

scholarly journals Evaluation of core concepts of physiology in undergraduate physiology curricula: results from faculty and student surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-639
Author(s):  
Claudia I. Stanescu ◽  
Erica A. Wehrwein ◽  
Lisa C. Anderson ◽  
Jennifer Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Scientific Reasoning ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Student Surveys ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
The Core ◽  
Engineering Mathematics ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Cell Cell

Unlike other STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) disciplines, program guidelines for undergraduate physiology degree programs have yet to be firmly established. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of physiology core concepts within undergraduate physiology curricula to discern whether a common subset could be broadly recommended for inclusion in programmatic guidelines. A curricular survey tool was developed to evaluate the depth to which each core concept was included in physiology curricula. Seven self-selected physiology programs assessed core concept inclusion across all courses within the major (0 = not covered, 1 = minimally covered, and 2 = covered to a great extent). The top core concepts ranked by each institution varied considerably, but all were robustly represented across programs. The top five combined rankings for all institutions were as follows: 1) interdependence (1.47 ± 0.63); 2) structure/function (1.46 ± 0.72); 3) homeostasis (1.45 ± 0.71); 4) scientific reasoning (1.44 ± 0.70); and 5) cell-cell communication (1.38 ± 0.75). No common subset of specific core concepts was evident among the seven participating institutions. Next, results were compared with recent Physiology Majors Interest Group (P-MIG) faculty and student surveys that ascertained perceptions of the top five most important core concepts. Three core concepts (homeostasis, structure/function, cell-cell communication) appeared in the top five in more than one-half of survey questions included. We recommend that future programmatic guidelines focus on inclusion of the core concepts of physiology as general models to scaffold learning in physiology curricula, but the programmatic guidelines should allow flexibility in the core concepts emphasized based on program objectives.

The “Unpacked” Core Concept of Cell–Cell Communication

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Joel Michael ◽  
William Cliff ◽  
Jenny McFarland ◽  
Harold Modell ◽  
Ann Wright
Keyword(s):  
Cell Communication ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Cell Cell

scholarly journals Validating The Core Concept Of “Mass Balance”

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-280
Author(s):  
Joel Michael ◽  
Harold Modell
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Mass Balance Equation ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
The Core ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Fundamental Mass

We have created a conceptual framework for the core concept of “mass balance.” Unlike the previous conceptual frameworks that we have created and validated, the framework for “mass balance” is simply a description in words of the fundamental mass balance equation and the implications of the equation. We surveyed physiology faculty and asked them to rate the importance of “mass balance” as defined by the conceptual framework and also to rate the importance for their students of being able to apply the core concept to liquids, gases, solutes, and solids. Respondents indicated that “mass balance” is important and that our conceptual framework provides a useful tool for teaching and learning. We discuss several examples of how “mass balance” can be used in making sense about a variety of physiological phenomena.

scholarly journals Different Types of Data and the Validity of Democracy Measures

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svend-Erik Skaaning
Keyword(s):  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Core ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Unbiased Manner ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Expert Surveys

Different measures of democracy rely on different types of data. Some exclusively rely on observational data, others rely on judgement-based data in the form of in-house coded indicators or expert surveys. A third set of democracy measures combines information from indicators based on different types of data, some of them also data from representative surveys of the mass public. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these different types of data for the measurement of electoral and liberal democracy. The discussion is based on the premise that the main priorities must be to establish a high degree of concept-measure consistency, i.e. indicators capture relevant aspects of the core concept of interest in a precise and unbiased manner, and to provide high coverage. The basic argument of the article is that no type of data is superior to others in all respects. The article draws on examples from extant datasets to illustrate the tradeoffs and it offers suggestions about how to reduce some of the potential drawbacks.

scholarly journals The predicting roles of carcinoembryonic antigen and its underlying mechanism in the progression of coronavirus disease 2019

Critical Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Runzhi Huang ◽  
Tong Meng ◽  
Qiongfang Zha ◽  
Kebin Cheng ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Type Ii Pneumocyte ◽  
Type Ii Pneumocytes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cell Cell

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has induced a worldwide epidemiological event with a high infectivity and mortality. However, the predicting biomarkers and their potential mechanism in the progression of COVID-19 are not well known. Objective The aim of this study is to identify the candidate predictors of COVID-19 and investigate their underlying mechanism. Methods The retrospective study was conducted to identify the potential laboratory indicators with prognostic values of COVID-19 disease. Then, the prognostic nomogram was constructed to predict the overall survival of COVID-19 patients. Additionally, the scRNA-seq data of BALF and PBMCs from COVID-19 patients were downloaded to investigate the underlying mechanism of the most important prognostic indicators in lungs and peripherals, respectively. Results In total, 304 hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital were included in the retrospective study. CEA was the only laboratory indicator with significant difference in the univariate (P < 0.001) and multivariate analysis (P = 0.020). The scRNA-seq data of BALF and PBMCs from COVID-19 patients were downloaded to investigate the underlying mechanism of CEA in lungs and peripherals, respectively. The results revealed the potential roles of CEA were significantly distributed in type II pneumocytes of BALF and developing neutrophils of PBMCs, participating in the progression of COVID-19 by regulating the cell–cell communication. Conclusion This study identifies the prognostic roles of CEA in COVID-19 patients and implies the potential roles of CEACAM8-CEACAM6 in the progression of COVID-19 by regulating the cell–cell communication of developing neutrophils and type II pneumocyte.

Misresponse to Survey Questions: A Conceptual Framework and Empirical Test of the Effects of Reversals, Negations, and Polar Opposite Core Concepts

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 869-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Baumgartner ◽  
Bert Weijters ◽  
Rik Pieters
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Underlying Process ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Item Responses ◽  
Polar Opposite

The authors propose a conceptual framework of misresponse to multi-item scales in surveys in which misresponse to items that are reversed relative to other items (reversal misresponse) is differentiated from misresponse to items that are negated (negation misresponse) and from misresponse to items whose core concept is the opposite of the core concept in regular items (polar opposite misresponse). The framework specifies two broad mechanisms to account for the three forms of misresponse: lack of motivation to process items in detail (“inattention”) and lack of ability to comprehend items accurately (“difficulty”). The authors propose a procedure to identify potential misresponse effects on the observed item responses and factor loadings, and they report two empirical studies to test the framework; the second study uses eye movement recordings to examine the underlying process. The findings reveal that polar opposite, reversed, and negated items contribute to misresponse to varying degrees and that difficulty rather than inattention may be a more potent cause of misresponse in surveys than has traditionally been acknowledged.

scholarly journals The predicting roles of carcinoembryonic antigen and its underlying mechanism in the progression of coronavirus disease 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runzhi Huang ◽  
Tong Meng ◽  
Qiongfang Zha ◽  
Kebin Cheng ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Type Ii Pneumocyte ◽  
Type Ii Pneumocytes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cell Cell

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has induced a worldwide pneumonia with a high infectivity and mortality. However, the predicting biomarkers and their potential mechanism in the progression of COVID-19 are not well known. Objective The aim of this study is to identify the candidate predictors of COVID-19 and investigate their underlying mechanism. Methods The retrospective study was conducted to identify the potential laboratory indicators with prognostic values of COVID-19 disease. Then, the prognostic nomogram was constructed to predict the overall survival of COVID-19 patients. Additionally, the scRNA-seq data of BALF and PBMCs from COVID-19 patients were downloaded to investigate the underlying mechanism of the most important prognostic indicators in lungs and peripherals, respectively. Results 304 hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital were included in the retrospective study. CEA was the only laboratory indicator with significant difference in the univariate (P < 0.001) and multivariate analysis (P = 0.021). The scRNA-seq data of BALF and PBMCs from COVID-19 patients were downloaded to investigate the underlying mechanism of CEA in lungs and peripherals, respectively. The results revealed the potential roles of CEA were significantly distributed in Type II pneumocytes of BALF and developing neutrophils of PBMCs, participating in the progression of COVID-19 by regulating the cell-cell communication. Conclusion This study identifies the prognostic roles of CEA in COVID-19 patients and implies the potential roles of CEACAM8-CEACAM6 in the progression of COVID-19 by regulating the cell-cell communication of developing neutrophils and Type II pneumocyte.

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