Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction on Noble Metal Catalysts in Proton and Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers

2017 ◽  
Vol 164 (14) ◽  
pp. F1712-F1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared Nash ◽  
Xuan Yang ◽  
Jacob Anibal ◽  
Junhua Wang ◽  
Yushan Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Nitrogen Reduction ◽  
Noble Metal Catalysts ◽  
Exchange Membrane

scholarly journals Bimetallic carbide of Co3W3C enhanced non-noble-metal catalysts with high activity and stability for acidic oxygen reduction reaction

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (22) ◽  
pp. 12292-12299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolin Li ◽  
Jianmin Zhou ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Zesheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Noble Metal Catalysts ◽  
Co Doped

Bimetallic carbide enhanced nitrogen/phosphor co-doped graphite (Co3W3C/NPG) with high performances were first demonstrated for oxygen reduction reaction in acidic medium.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Single-Atom Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxing Han ◽  
Juanjuan Bian ◽  
Chunwen Sun
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Noble Metal Catalysts ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Platinum Group

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) plays significant roles in electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems as well as clean synthesis of fine chemicals. However, the ORR process shows sluggish kinetics and requires platinum-group noble metal catalysts to accelerate the reaction. The high cost, rare reservation, and unsatisfied durability significantly impede large-scale commercialization of platinum-based catalysts. Single-atom electrocatalysts (SAECs) featuring with well-defined structure, high intrinsic activity, and maximum atom efficiency have emerged as a novel field in electrocatalytic science since it is promising to substitute expensive platinum-group noble metal catalysts. However, finely fabricating SAECs with uniform and highly dense active sites, fully maximizing the utilization efficiency of active sites, and maintaining the atomically isolated sites as single-atom centers under harsh electrocatalytic conditions remain urgent challenges. In this review, we summarized recent advances of SAECs in synthesis, characterization, oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance, and applications in ORR-related H2O2 production, metal-air batteries, and low-temperature fuel cells. Relevant progress on tailoring the coordination structure of isolated metal centers by doping other metals or ligands, enriching the concentration of single-atom sites by increasing metal loadings, and engineering the porosity and electronic structure of the support by optimizing the mass and electron transport are also reviewed. Moreover, general strategies to synthesize SAECs with high metal loadings on practical scale are highlighted, the deep learning algorithm for rational design of SAECs is introduced, and theoretical understanding of active-site structures of SAECs is discussed as well. Perspectives on future directions and remaining challenges of SAECs are presented.

scholarly journals Earth-Abundant Electrocatalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinwei Sun ◽  
Kaiqi Xu ◽  
Christian Fleischer ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Mathieu Grandcolas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Noble Metal Catalysts ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Earth Abundant ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Water electrolysis provides efficient and cost-effective production of hydrogen from renewable energy. Currently, the oxidation half-cell reaction relies on noble-metal catalysts, impeding widespread application. In order to adopt water electrolyzers as the main hydrogen production systems, it is critical to develop inexpensive and earth-abundant catalysts. This review discusses the proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis (WE) and the progress in replacing the noble-metal catalysts with earth-abundant ones. Researchers within this field are aiming to improve the efficiency and stability of earth-abundant catalysts (EACs), as well as to discover new ones. The latter is particularly important for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under acidic media, where the only stable and efficient catalysts are noble-metal oxides, such as IrOx and RuOx. On the other hand, there is significant progress on EACs for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic conditions, but how many of these EACs have been used in PEM WEs and tested under realistic conditions? What is the current status on the development of EACs for the OER? These are the two main questions this review addresses.

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