Review—Conducting Polymers as Chemiresistive Gas Sensing Materials: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
pp. 037503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung Cheng Wong ◽  
Bee Chin Ang ◽  
A. S. M. A. Haseeb ◽  
Aainaa Aqilah Baharuddin ◽  
Yew Hoong Wong
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Gas Sensing

scholarly journals Semiconductor Gas Sensors: Materials, Technology, Design, and Application

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6694
Author(s):  
Maria Vesna Nikolic ◽  
Vladimir Milovanovic ◽  
Zorka Z. Vasiljevic ◽  
Zoran Stamenkovic
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Semiconductor Materials ◽  
Technology Design

This paper presents an overview of semiconductor materials used in gas sensors, their technology, design, and application. Semiconductor materials include metal oxides, conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, and 2D materials. Metal oxides are most often the first choice due to their ease of fabrication, low cost, high sensitivity, and stability. Some of their disadvantages are low selectivity and high operating temperature. Conducting polymers have the advantage of a low operating temperature and can detect many organic vapors. They are flexible but affected by humidity. Carbon nanotubes are chemically and mechanically stable and are sensitive towards NO and NH3, but need dopants or modifications to sense other gases. Graphene, transition metal chalcogenides, boron nitride, transition metal carbides/nitrides, metal organic frameworks, and metal oxide nanosheets as 2D materials represent gas-sensing materials of the future, especially in medical devices, such as breath sensing. This overview covers the most used semiconducting materials in gas sensing, their synthesis methods and morphology, especially oxide nanostructures, heterostructures, and 2D materials, as well as sensor technology and design, application in advance electronic circuits and systems, and research challenges from the perspective of emerging technologies.

A NOVEL ROUTE FOR THE FORMATION OF GAS SENSORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 96-108
Author(s):  
Areeba Khayal
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Gas Detection ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Inorganic Nanocomposites

The rapid development of conductive polymers shows great potential in temperature chemical gas detection as their electrical conductivity is often changed upon spotlight to oxidative or reductive gas molecules at room temperature. However, the relatively low conductivity and high affinity toward volatile organic compounds and water molecules always exhibit low sensitivity, poor stability and gas selectivity, which hinder their practical gas sensor applications. In addition, inorganic sensitive materials show totally different advantages in gas sensors like high sensitivity, fast response to low concentration analytes, high area and versatile surface chemistry, which could harmonize the conducting polymers in terms of the sensing individuality. It seems to be a good option to combine inorganic sensitive materials with polymers for gas detection for the synergistic effects which has attracted extensive interests in gas sensing applications. In this appraisal the recapitulation of recent development in polymer inorganic nanocomposites-based gas sensors. The roles of inorganic nanomaterials in improving the gas sensing performances of conducting polymers are introduced and therefore the progress of conducting polymer inorganic nanocomposites including metal oxides, metal, carbon (carbon nanotube, graphene) and ternary composites are obtainable. Finally, conclusion and perspective within the field of gas sensors incorporating conducting polymer inorganic nanocomposites are summarized. Keywords: Gas sensor, conducting polymer, polymer-inorganic nanocomposites; conducting organic polymers nanostructure, synergistic effect, polypyrrole (PPY), polyaniline (PANI).

scholarly journals Recent Trends and Developments in Graphene/Conducting Polymer Nanocomposites Chemiresistive Sensors

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golnoush Zamiri ◽  
A. S. M. A. Haseeb
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Large Specific Surface Area

The use of graphene and its derivatives with excellent characteristics such as good electrical and mechanical properties and large specific surface area has gained the attention of researchers. Recently, novel nanocomposite materials based on graphene and conducting polymers including polyaniline (PANi), polypyrrole (PPy), poly (3,4 ethyldioxythiophene) (PEDOT), polythiophene (PTh), and their derivatives have been widely used as active materials in gas sensing due to their unique electrical conductivity, redox property, and good operation at room temperature. Mixing these two materials exhibited better sensing performance compared to pure graphene and conductive polymers. This may be attributed to the large specific surface area of the nanocomposites, and also the synergistic effect between graphene and conducting polymers. A variety of graphene and conducting polymer nanocomposite preparation methods such as in situ polymerization, electropolymerization, solution mixing, self-assembly approach, etc. have been reported and utilization of these nanocomposites as sensing materials has been proven effective in improving the performance of gas sensors. Review of the recent research efforts and developments in the fabrication and application of graphene and conducting polymer nanocomposites for gas sensing is the aim of this review paper.

Electronic structure studies of conducting polymers by electron energy-loss spectroscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
J. Fink
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
New Class ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Conducting polymers comprises a new class of materials achieving electrical conductivities which rival those of the best metals. The parent compounds (conjugated polymers) are quasi-one-dimensional semiconductors. These polymers can be doped by electron acceptors or electron donors. The prototype of these materials is polyacetylene (PA). There are various other conjugated polymers such as polyparaphenylene, polyphenylenevinylene, polypoyrrole or polythiophene. The doped systems, i.e. the conducting polymers, have intersting potential technological applications such as replacement of conventional metals in electronic shielding and antistatic equipment, rechargable batteries, and flexible light emitting diodes.Although these systems have been investigated almost 20 years, the electronic structure of the doped metallic systems is not clear and even the reason for the gap in undoped semiconducting systems is under discussion.

Schottky diodes based on 2D materials for environmental gas monitoring: a review on emerging trends, recent developments and future perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minu Mathew ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Rout
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensing ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Schottky Diodes ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Working Temperature ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Gas Sensing Properties ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity

This review details the fundamentals, working principles and recent developments of Schottky junctions based on 2D materials to emphasize their improved gas sensing properties including low working temperature, high sensitivity, and selectivity.

Gas-sensing materials by cooperative assembly

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Esteves ◽  
Susana Palma ◽  
Ana Rita Oliveira ◽  
Efthymia Ramou ◽  
Inês Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Cooperative Assembly

Gas-sensing materials by cooperative assembly

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Esteves ◽  
Susana Palma ◽  
Ana Rita Oliveira ◽  
Efthymia Ramou ◽  
Inês Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Cooperative Assembly
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