Near Heterosite Li0.1FePO4 Phase Formation as Atmospheric Aging Product of LiFePO4/C Composite. Electrochemical, Magnetic and EPR Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 158 (9) ◽  
pp. A1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Palomares ◽  
Aintzane Goñi ◽  
Izaskun Gil de Muro ◽  
Luis Lezama ◽  
Iratxe de Meatza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation ◽  
Atmospheric Aging ◽  
Aging Product

Characterization of reactive phase formation in sputter-deposited Ni/Al multilayer thin films using TEM

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
G. Lucadamo ◽  
K. Barmak ◽  
C. Michaelsen
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Nickel Layer ◽  
Multilayer Thin Films ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dark Field Imaging ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sputter Deposited ◽  
Constant Heating

The subject of reactive phase formation in multilayer thin films of varying periodicity has stimulated much research over the past few years. Recent studies have sought to understand the reactions that occur during the annealing of Ni/Al multilayers. Dark field imaging from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies in conjunction with in situ x-ray diffraction measurements, and calorimetry experiments (isothermal and constant heating rate), have yielded new insights into the sequence of phases that occur during annealing and the evolution of their microstructure.In this paper we report on reactive phase formation in sputter-deposited lNi:3Al multilayer thin films with a periodicity A (the combined thickness of an aluminum and nickel layer) from 2.5 to 320 nm. A cross-sectional TEM micrograph of an as-deposited film with a periodicity of 10 nm is shown in figure 1. This image shows diffraction contrast from the Ni grains and occasionally from the Al grains in their respective layers.

On the trustability of semi-empirical methods to the calculation of gas phase formation enthalpies of inorganic compounds containing heavy metals: tin borates

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robson de Farias
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Formation Enthalpy ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Gas Formation ◽  
Formation Enthalpies ◽  
Knudsen Effusion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Semi Empirical

<p>In the present work, are calculated the gas formation enthalpies (SE; PM3 and PM6) for tin borates: SnB<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub><sup> </sup>and Sn<sub>2</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. The calculated values are compared with experimental ones, obtained by Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry [3]. It is shown that SE methods, besides their lower computational time consuming can, indeed, provide reliable gas phase formation enthalpy values for inorganic compounds containing heavy metals.</p>

scholarly journals Secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass burning emissions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Y. Lim ◽  
David H. Hagan ◽  
Matthew M. Coggon ◽  
Abigail R. Koss ◽  
Kanako Sekimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Atmospheric Aging ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
Photochemical Aging ◽  
Organic Gases

Abstract. Biomass burning is an important source of aerosol and trace gases to the atmosphere, but how these emissions change chemically during their lifetimes is not fully understood. As part of the Fire Influence on Regional and Global Environments Experiment (FIREX 2016), we investigated the effect of photochemical aging on biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA), with a focus on fuels from the western United States. Emissions were sampled into a small (150 L) environmental chamber and photochemically aged via the addition of ozone and irradiation by 254 nm light. While some fraction of species undergoes photolysis, the vast majority of aging occurs via reaction with OH radicals, with total OH exposures corresponding to the equivalent of up to 10 days of atmospheric oxidation. For all fuels burned, large and rapid changes are seen in the ensemble chemical composition of BBOA, as measured by an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation is seen for all aging experiments and continues to grow with increasing OH exposure, but the magnitude of the SOA formation is highly variable between experiments. This variability can be explained well by a combination of experiment-to-experiment differences in OH exposure and the total concentration of non-methane organic gases (NMOGs) in the chamber before oxidation, measured by PTR-ToF-MS (r2 values from 0.64 to 0.83). From this relationship, we calculate the fraction of carbon from biomass burning NMOGs that is converted to SOA as a function of equivalent atmospheric aging time, with carbon yields ranging from 24 ± 4 % after 6 hours to 56 ± 9 % after 4 days.

Phase formation studies in ZnB″2O6 and Pb(Zn1/3B″2/3)O3 (B″=Nb,Ta)

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 549-553
Author(s):  
Byung-Yong Ahn ◽  
Tai-Kwang Park ◽  
Nam-Kyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation

scholarly journals Z-phase Formation during Creep and Aging in 9–12% Cr Heat Resistant Steels

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 769-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kota Sawada ◽  
Hideaki Kushima ◽  
Kazuhiro Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Heat Resistant Steels
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