Electronic Conductivity and Efficiency of SOFC Electrolytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
Katsuhiko Yamaji ◽  
Yueping Xiong ◽  
Haruo Kishimoto ◽  
Teruhisa Horita ◽  
Manuel E. Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Sofc Electrolytes

Revisiting the passivation of stainless steels and other passive CRAs

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean- Louis Crolet
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Inorganic Polymers ◽  
Faraday Cage

All that was said so far about passivity and passivation was indeed based on electrochemical prejudgments, and all based on unverified postulates. However, due the authors’ fame and for lack of anything better, the great many contradictions were carefully ignored. However, when resuming from raw experimental facts and the present general knowledge, it now appears that passivation always begins by the precipitation of a metallic hydroxide gel. Therefore, all the protectiveness mechanisms already known for porous corrosion layers apply, so that this outstanding protectiveness is indeed governed by the chemistry of transport processes throughout the entrapped water. For Al type passivation, the base metal ions only have deep and complete electronic shells, which precludes any electronic conductivity. Then protectiveness can only arise from gel thickening and densification. For Fe type passivation, an incomplete shell of superficial 3d electrons allows an early metallic or semimetallic conductivity in the gel skeleton, at the onset of the very first perfectly ordered inorganic polymers (- MII-O-MIII-O-)n. Then all depends on the acquisition, maintenance or loss of a sufficient electrical conductivity in this Faraday cage. But for both types of passive layers, all the known features can be explained by the chemistry of transport processes, with neither exception nor contradiction.

Evaluation of nutrient runoff from the kako river by continuous daily sampling

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Yukio Komai
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Discharge Condition ◽  
Nutrient Runoff ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Daily Sampling ◽  
A Site

A water sample was taken once a day for 15 months at a site near an estuary of the Kako River, Japan, to estimate nutrient loads from rivers to the sea. Total phosphorus (T-P), total nitrogen (T-N), suspended solids (SS) and electronic conductivity (EC) were measured. T-P and SS concentrations varied in proportion to the discharge, and T-P concentrations increased with those of SS, too. EC varied inversely with the discharge, but the fluctuations of T-N concentrations were less than those of T-P and SS concentrations. Water quality remained, for the most part, constant throughout the day. T-P, T-N and SS load were 181t/year, 2320t/year and 51000t/year in 1992, respectively, 54% of T-P load, 47% of T-N load and 80% of SS loads outflowed in those cases where the discharge was more than 100 m3/s, which were 36 days in 1992. 79% of T-P load, 69% of T-N load and 92% of SS load outflowed in periods of high water discharge, which were 88 in 1992. T-P and T-N loads calculated by using one day's data in every month were 151t/year and 2450t/year. But nutrient loads calculated by using the average value of data from an ordinary discharge were two or three times lower than calculated yearly loads. These results showed the importance of estimating the yearly load considering the discharge condition and sampling at a time of high water discharge.

Mixed ionic-electronic conductivity features of A-site deficient Nd nickelates

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (16) ◽  
pp. 25527-25535 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Sadykov ◽  
E.M. Sadovskaya ◽  
E.A. Filonova ◽  
N.F. Eremeev ◽  
N.M. Bogdanovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
A Site ◽  
Mixed Ionic Electronic Conductivity

Core-shell nanostructured Zn-Co-O@CoS arrays for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi He ◽  
Lei Xie ◽  
Shixiang Ding ◽  
Yujia Long ◽  
Xinyi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Energy Storage Materials ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Storage Materials ◽  
Hybrid Supercapacitors

Although the zinc oxide (ZnO) with wide distribution is one of the most attractive energy storage materials, the low electronic conductivity and insufficient active sites of bulk ZnO increase the...

scholarly journals PEDOT-Coated Red Phosphorus Nanosphere Anodes for Pseudocapacitive Potassium-Ion Storage

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1732
Author(s):  
Dan Zhao ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Zhenyu Wang ◽  
Lan Feng ◽  
Jinying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Red Phosphorus ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
High Theoretical Capacity

Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) have come up as a potential alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to abundant potassium storage in the crust. Red phosphorus is a promising anode material for KIBs with abundant resources and high theoretical capacity. Nevertheless, large volume expansion, low electronic conductivity, and limited K+ charging speed in red phosphorus upon cycling have severely hindered the development of red phosphorus-based anodes. To obtain improved conductivity and structural stability, surface engineering of red phosphorus is required. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-coated red phosphorus nanospheres (RPNP@PEDOT) with an average diameter of 60 nm were synthesized via a facile solution-phase approach. PEDOT can relieve the volume change of red phosphorus and promote electron/ion transportation during charge−discharge cycles, which is partially corroborated by our DFT calculations. A specific capacity of 402 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 40 cycles, and a specific capacity of 302 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 after 275 cycles, were achieved by RPNP@PEDOT anode with a high pseudocapacitive contribution of 62%. The surface–interface engineering for the organic–inorganic composite of RPNP@PEDOT provides a novel perspective for broad applications of red phosphorus-based KIBs in fast charging occasions.

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