Density, Surface Tension, and Electrical Conductivity of Ternary Molten Carbonate System Li[sub 2]CO[sub 3]–Na[sub 2]CO[sub 3]–K[sub 2]CO[sub 3] and Methods for Their Estimation

2008 ◽  
Vol 155 (7) ◽  
pp. F150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshikatsu Kojima ◽  
Yoshinori Miyazaki ◽  
Katsuhiro Nomura ◽  
Kazumi Tanimoto
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Carbonate System ◽  
Density Surface

scholarly journals The influence of Li on the thermophysical properties of liquid Ga–Sn–Zn eutectic alloys

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (20) ◽  
pp. 18970-18980 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dobosz ◽  
Yu. Plevachuk ◽  
V. Sklyarchuk ◽  
B. Sokoliuk ◽  
T. Gancarz
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Eutectic Alloys ◽  
Negative Electrodes ◽  
Density Surface ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Li Content

Abstract The Ga–Li system is very attractive for the development of microelectronic and Li-ion cell applications as negative electrodes. In this study, thermophysical properties such as density, surface tension, viscosity, thermal and electrical conductivity, and thermoelectric power were investigated. Taking into account the intermetallic compounds occurring in Ga–Li, the measurements were conducted in a temperature range of 323–773 K. The experimentally obtained results revealed lower density and surface tension with increasing Li additions. The viscosity, electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power slightly reduced with the addition of Li content to eutectic Ga–Sn–Zn. The opposite was true of thermal conductivity, which increased slightly. The performed Nusselt number and Peclet number calculations for eutectic Ga–Sn–Zn with Li additions show similar dependency as found in literature data for Ga and Ga–In alloys.

scholarly journals Análisis de las propiedades del sistema CaO – FeO – SiO2 para su aplicación en escorias

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Adriana Gamboa-Hernández ◽  
Pantaleona Campa-Núñez ◽  
Simón Alberto Pedroza-Figueroa ◽  
Héctor Aurelio Moreno-Casillas
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Liquidus Temperature ◽  
Sio2 System ◽  
Density Surface ◽  
Consistent Information

The study of ternary phases systems in pyrometallurgy is used for the adequate formation of slags, because they are an important foundation in establishing the conditions of operation in the separation of undesired elements. In this area, the CaO - FeO - SiO2 system is generally used for the determination of liquidus temperature and other properties mainly in the metallurgy of Pb and Fe. In this article we review the main properties of this system, such as density, surface tension and electrical conductivity. In addition, a compilation is carried out on the values obtained from the viscosity made by different authors at different compositions and temperatures, in order to verify the interaction that each component delivers to the equilibrium of the system. Through this research, the aim is to obtain the knowledge to predict the behavior of the slag that leads to making the decisions that improves the processes and this is only through reliable and consistent information.

Electrical Conductivity of Magnesium Oxide/Molten Carbonate Eutectic Coexisting System

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 739-742
Author(s):  
Elena V. Nikolaeva ◽  
Andrey L. Bovet ◽  
Irina D. Zakiryanova
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Specific Conductivity ◽  
Maxwell Model ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Carbonate Ions ◽  
Alkali Carbonate

AbstractThe electrical conductivity of molten ternary alkali carbonate eutectic, coexisting with MgO particles, has been investigated. The conductivity was measured by the AC impedance method. The apparent activation energy ΔEa increased with the MgO content. This fact can be attributed to the effect of the solid phase. The specific conductivity of those systems could not be described using the Maxwell model over the solvation process of the carbonate ions on the particles of the magnesium oxide.

scholarly journals Adjuvants plus phytosanitary products and the effects on the physical-chemical properties of the spray liquids

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heli Heros Teodoro de Assunção ◽  
Saulo Felipe Brockes Campos ◽  
Luciana Alves Sousa ◽  
Ernane Miranda Lemes ◽  
Cesar Henrique Souza Zandonadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Phytosanitary Products

The frequent tank mixing of phytosanitary products, adjuvants, and foliar fertilizers highlights the lack of information which sustains decisions about what products can be mixed for spray application. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides in combination with some adjuvants on the Brazilian market. The experimental design was completely randomized and spray mixes of the phytosanitary products: fungicide (azoxystrobin+benzovindiflupir), herbicide (diamônio salt of N-(phosponomethyl)) or insecticide (fenpropathrin) were evaluated in combination with adjuvants (mineral oil base, foliar fertilizer or lecithin + propionic acid), and in two application rates (95 and 52 L ha-1); all with four replications. Surface tension, electrical conductivity, pH, dynamic viscosity and density of spray mixes were evaluated. The adjuvants presented characteristics capable of significantly altering the physicochemical properties of the phytosanitary spray mixes, and thus, alter the biological effectiveness and efficiency of the spray applications. However, its effects are also dependent on the phytosanitary product added to the spray mix, which makes general recommendations a difficult task. The greatest pH reduction, as well as the greatest increase in electrical conductivity, were caused by the adjuvant lecithin + propionic acid. All phytosanitary products and adjuvants studied, associated or not, resulted in a reduction in the surface tension of the spray mix in relation to water. The magnitude of change of density and dynamic viscosity promoted by adjuvants was lower than the other characteristics evaluated.

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