A Porcelain Reference Electrode Conductive to Sodium Ions for Use in Molten Salt Systems

1959 ◽  
Vol 106 (10) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger J. Labrie ◽  
Vernon A. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Sodium Ions ◽  
Salt Systems

An all-glass reference electrode for molten salt systems

1956 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 438-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
J O'M Bockris ◽  
G J Hills ◽  
D Inman ◽  
L Young
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Salt Systems

scholarly journals Developing Practical Models of Complex Salts for Molten Salt Reactors

Thermo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-178
Author(s):  
Theodore M. Besmann ◽  
Juliano Schorne-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Calphad Approach ◽  
Coordination Numbers ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Complex Salts ◽  
Salt Systems ◽  
Fitting Model

Molten salt reactors (MSRs) utilize salts as coolant or as the fuel and coolant together with fissile isotopes dissolved in the salt. It is necessary to therefore understand the behavior of the salts to effectively design, operate, and regulate such reactors, and thus there is a need for thermodynamic models for the salt systems. Molten salts, however, are difficult to represent as they exhibit short-range order that is dependent on both composition and temperature. A widely useful approach is the modified quasichemical model in the quadruplet approximation that provides for consideration of first- and second-nearest-neighbor coordination and interactions. Its use in the CALPHAD approach to system modeling requires fitting parameters using standard thermodynamic data such as phase equilibria, heat capacity, and others. A shortcoming of the model is its inability to directly vary coordination numbers with composition or temperature. Another issue is the difficulty in fitting model parameters using regression methods without already having very good initial values. The proposed paper will discuss these issues and note some practical methods for the effective generation of useful models.

Thermodynamic properties of the binary molten salt systems, PbBr2-KBr, PbBr2-RbBr and PbBr2-CsBr, by measurement of the electromotive forces of galvanic cells

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bloom ◽  
MS White
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Complex Ions ◽  
Galvanic Cells ◽  
Salt Systems

The electromotive forces of galvanic cells for the formation of PbBr2 in the molten binary salt systems, PbBr2-KBr, PbBr2,-RbBr and PbBr2-CsBr, have been measured. Activities, activity coefficients and partial molar free energies have been calculated for each component of the three systems. Integral free energies of mixing have also been calculated. Various models of mixing of molten salts have been applied to the results. The systems contain complex ions, probably mixtures of PbBr42-, PbBr64- with some PbBr3-.

Accurate Procedure for Determining the Calibration Curve of High-Temperature Molten Salt Systems via Raman Spectroscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1286-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Dai ◽  
G. Mamantov ◽  
J. E. Coffield ◽  
G. M. Begun ◽  
J. P. Young
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Accurate Procedure ◽  
Salt Systems

A REFERENCE ELECTRODE FOR CERTAIN MOLTEN SALT SOLUTIONS

1962 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Harrington ◽  
H. T. Tien
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Salt Solutions
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