Porous Crystalline Organosilica Materials as High Surface Area Support in Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (24) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Brett A. Holmberg
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Organosilica Materials

scholarly journals Atomically Dispersed M-N-C Catalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Recent Progress and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Haoran Kong ◽  
Jiarong Liu ◽  
Yu Yue
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The selection of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts plays a key role in enhancing the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). To optimize the energy conversion technology in PEMFCs and improve the cost-effectiveness of ORR catalysts, atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalyst is regarded as one of the most promising materials to replace Pt-based catalysts. In this review, we summarize the advantages of atomically dispersed M-N-C catalysts in both physical and chemical properties, including controllable dimensions, ease of accessibility, high surface area and excellent conductivity. Additionally, the unique merits of their cost-effectiveness are also described by a concise comparison with other ORR catalysts. Subsequently, some of its main synthesis methods are based on the most commonly used zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) precursor. Several other precursors involve carbon, nitrogen, and one or more active transition metals (mainly iron or cobalt) are introduced briefly. Although there are a variety of synthesis methods, all these methods are in line with pyrolysis technology. Then, the recent advancements of atomically dispersed M-N-C catalysts related to their development and application of Fe-N-C, Mn-N-C, and Co-N-C catalysts are comprehensively described. Finally, based on some common M-N-C catalysts, many improvement ideas are also proposed. The focus is on how to control the negative reaction in Fe-N-C catalysts, improve the activity of Co-N-C catalysts and Mn-N-C catalysts, and find more suitable transition metal materials to prepare M-N-C catalysts.

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