The Manganese Dioxide Electrode in Alkaline Electrolyte; The Electron-Proton Mechanism for the Discharge Process from MnO[sub 2] to MnO[sub 1.5]

1966 ◽  
Vol 113 (9) ◽  
pp. 870 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kozawa ◽  
R. A. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Alkaline Electrolyte ◽  
Discharge Process

Rechargeability improvement of δ-type chemical manganese dioxide with the co-doping of Bi and Ni in alkaline electrolyte

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 1229-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Li ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Tongchi Xia ◽  
Huichao Dong ◽  
Yanhua Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Alkaline Electrolyte ◽  
Co Doping ◽  
Chemical Manganese Dioxide

Study on Supercapacity Properties of Manganese Dioxide Active Material by the Cation Concentration Change on the Electrode Surface

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 2411-2414
Author(s):  
Jian Min Zhang ◽  
Pan Wang ◽  
Gao Peng Zhang ◽  
Ya Wei Li ◽  
Ting Cao
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Concentration Change ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Cation Concentration

A four-electrode system was developed to measure in-situ the cation concentration change on the supercapacitor electrode surface for the first time during the charge/discharge process. While the MnO2 electrode was used in a supercapacitor in K2SO4 solution, the potassium ion concentration on the electrode surface was reversible change during the charging/discharging process, decreasing with the reduction process and increasing with the oxidation process. It is clearly clarified that the charge storage mechanism of manganese dioxide, as a supercapacitor active material, involves a fast redox reaction through reversible insertion/desertion of potassium ion and variation of manganese valance.

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