The Effect of Dislocations and Orientation on the Electrical Double Layer Capacity of Silver Surfaces

1965 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Rein ◽  
C. M. Sliepcevich ◽  
R. D. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Electrical Double Layer ◽  
Double Layer Capacity ◽  
Silver Surfaces

On the contribution of the metal to the electrical double-layer capacity

1989 ◽  
Vol 261 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.H. Mulder ◽  
J.H. Sluyters ◽  
J.H. van Lenthe
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Electrical Double Layer ◽  
Double Layer Capacity

Influence of high-temperature treatment of granular activated carbon on its structure and electrochemical behavior in aqueous electrolyte solution

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1617-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Biniak ◽  
Maciej Pakuła ◽  
Andrzej Świątkowski ◽  
Michał Bystrzejewski ◽  
Stanisław Błażewicz
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Electrical Double Layer ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Surface Oxygen ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Double Layer Capacity ◽  
Degree Of Crystallization ◽  
Rapid Drop

Activated carbon Norit R3-ex (demineralized) was annealed at various temperatures (950–2700 °C) in an argon atmosphere. The changes of the porosity of the products were characterized on the basis of N2 adsorption isotherms (at 77 K). The texture of the samples was investigated by x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The presence of surface oxygen (Fourier transform infrared) and its content in the surface layer (from energy dispersive spectroscopy) were determined. The electrical resistivity of powdered samples was measured. Cyclovoltammetry of carbon (powdered electrodes) were carried out and the electrical double-layer capacitances were estimated from the cyclic voltammetry curves. Heat treatment increased the degree of crystallization of the samples, which was correlated with changes in their conductivity. A rapid drop in porosity (at 1800–2100 °C) took place in parallel with a decrease in the electrical double layer capacity. The presence of surface oxygen as a result of oxygen chemisorption on freshly annealed carbon samples was confirmed using several methods.

Modeling the Electrical Double Layer to Understand the Reaction Environment in a CO2 Electrocatalytic System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Bohra ◽  
Jehanzeb Chaudhry ◽  
Thomas Burdyny ◽  
Evgeny Pidko ◽  
wilson smith
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Electrical Double Layer ◽  
Surface Reaction ◽  
Catalyst Surface ◽  
Local Reaction ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Alkali Metal Cations ◽  
Applied Potential ◽  
Critical Aspect

<p>The environment of a CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction (CO<sub>2</sub>ER) catalyst is intimately coupled with the surface reaction energetics and is therefore a critical aspect of the overall system performance. The immediate reaction environment of the electrocatalyst constitutes the electrical double layer (EDL) which extends a few nanometers into the electrolyte and screens the surface charge density. In this study, we resolve the species concentrations and potential profiles in the EDL of a CO<sub>2</sub>ER system by self-consistently solving the migration, diffusion and reaction phenomena using the generalized modified Poisson-Nernst-Planck (GMPNP) equations which include the effect of volume exclusion due to the solvated size of solution species. We demonstrate that the concentration of solvated cations builds at the outer Helmholtz plane (OHP) with increasing applied potential until the steric limit is reached. The formation of the EDL is expected to have important consequences for the transport of the CO<sub>2</sub> molecule to the catalyst surface. The electric field in the EDL diminishes the pH in the first 5 nm from the OHP, with an accumulation of protons and a concomitant depletion of hydroxide ions. This is a considerable departure from the results obtained using reaction-diffusion models where migration is ignored. Finally, we use the GMPNP model to compare the nature of the EDL for different alkali metal cations to show the effect of solvated size and polarization of water on the resultant electric field. Our results establish the significance of the EDL and electrostatic forces in defining the local reaction environment of CO<sub>2</sub> electrocatalysts.</p>

Electrical Double Layer Formation on Glassy Carbon in Aqueous Solution

2021 ◽  
pp. 138416
Author(s):  
Sofia B. Davey ◽  
Amanda P. Cameron ◽  
Kenneth G. Latham ◽  
Scott W. Donne
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Electrical Double Layer ◽  
Layer Formation

Enzyme Immobilization Behavior on the Surface of Hydroxyapatite Capsules under Alkaline Condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 782 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Takeshi Yabutsuka ◽  
Masaya Yamamoto ◽  
Shigeomi Takai ◽  
Takeshi Yao
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immobilization ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Isoelectric Point ◽  
Electrical Double Layer ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
Bicarbonate Buffer

We prepared hydroxyapatite (HA) capsules encapsulating maghemite particles. In order to evaluate enzyme immobilization behavior of the HA capsules under alkaline condition, we immobilized five kinds of enzymes with different isoelectric point in carbonate/bicarbonate buffer (CBB, pH 10.0). When the enzymes in CBB were moderately charged, immobilization efficiency on the HA capsules showed the highest value. It was suggested that immobilization efficiency was affected according to both pI of enzyme and pH of the surrounding solution and that enzyme immobilized on the HA capsules by not only electrical double layer interactions but also ion interaction and other interactions.

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