Tin Solvent Activity Equations for Cu-Sb-Sn Liquid Alloys by Stirred H-Cell EMF Measurements

1973 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don A. Griffiths ◽  
Jeffrey Braithwaite ◽  
Leo W. Beckstead ◽  
Guy R. B. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Alloys ◽  
Emf Measurements ◽  
Solvent Activity

scholarly journals Newly developed EMF cell with zirconia solid electrolyte for measurement of low oxygen potentials in liquid Cu-Cr and Cu-Zr alloys

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Katayama ◽  
S. Tanigawa ◽  
D. Zivkovic ◽  
Y. Hattori ◽  
H. Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Activity Coefficient ◽  
Solid Electrolyte ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Liquid Alloys ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Emf Measurements ◽  
Cu Alloys ◽  
Icp Analysis ◽  
Cell Construction ◽  
Zr Alloys

In order to measure the very low oxygen potential by use of stabilized zirconia solid electrolyte emf method, a new cell construction was devised. The idea was based on Janke but a zirconia rod was used instead of the zirconia crucible which contacts liquid alloy electrode. The cell was used for determination of the oxygen potentials in liquid dilute Cu-Cr and Cu-Zr alloys. The reference electrode was Cr,Cr2O3. Emf measurements were performed in the temperature range of 1400-1580K and composition range of 0.198-3.10at%Cr-Cu alloys, and 1380-1465K, 0.085-0.761at%Zr-Cu alloys. The composition of liquid alloys were determined by picking up from the liquid alloys and ICP analysis. By use of the newly devised cell construction in this study, stable emf values were obtained at each temperature and alloy composition. Emf values were corrected by using the parameter for electronic contribution of the YSZ. Activity of Cr obeys Henry?s law and activity coefficient at infinitely dilute alloys of Cr in Cu-Cr alloys are: lng0 Cr =(3.80 at 1423K), (3.57 at 1473K), (3.38 at 1523K) and (3.20 at 1573K). At 1423 K activity coefficient of Zr at infinitely diluted alloy is ln?o Zr = -4.0.

Classification of the binary liquid alloys on the basis of the « average atomic order effect »

1977 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 989-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlyse Gomez ◽  
Marie-Claire Bellissent-Funel ◽  
Pierre Desre
Keyword(s):  
Order Effect ◽  
Liquid Alloys ◽  
Atomic Order ◽  
Binary Liquid

Enthalpy of formation of liquid alloys Bi + Cd + Ga + Zn, Bi + Cd + Ga + In + Zn, Ga + In + Pb + Zn and Cd + Ga + In + Pb + Zn

1998 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 2267-2279 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ouédraogo ◽  
T. S. Kabré ◽  
M. Gambino ◽  
J. P. Bros
Keyword(s):  
Enthalpy Of Formation ◽  
Liquid Alloys

CALCULATION OF THE PARTIAL STRUCTURE FACTORS IN BINARY LIQUID ALLOYS BY A THERMODYNAMICAL APPROACH

1980 ◽  
Vol 41 (C8) ◽  
pp. C8-586-C8-589
Author(s):  
M. Favre-Bonte ◽  
J. C. Joud ◽  
P. Hicter ◽  
P. Desre
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Alloys ◽  
Partial Structure ◽  
Binary Liquid ◽  
Structure Factors

MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LIQUID ALLOYS Na-Sb, Na-Bi, Li-Sb, Li-Bi AND Li-Pb

1980 ◽  
Vol 41 (C8) ◽  
pp. C8-49-C8-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hackstein ◽  
S. Sotier ◽  
E. Lüscher
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Liquid Alloys

Thermodynamic characterization of liquid alloys with demixing tendency: Bi–Ga

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrix Huber ◽  
Klaus W. Richter ◽  
Hans Flandorfer ◽  
Adolf Mikula ◽  
Herbert Ipser
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Alloys ◽  
Thermodynamic Characterization

Modern Weather Surveillance Radars: Hygienic Aspects of Monitoring Electromagnetic Fields at Operators’ Workplaces and in the Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
VN Nikitina ◽  
GG Lyashko ◽  
NI Kalinina ◽  
EN Dubrovskaya ◽  
VP Plekhanov
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Weather Radar ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Emf Measurements ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Weather Radars ◽  
Radio Transmitters ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Radar Antennas

Summary. Introduction: Location of weather surveillance radars near settlements, in residential areas and on airport premises makes it important to ensure safe levels of electromagnetic fields (EMF) when operating these radio transmitters. EMF maximum permissible levels for weather radars developed in the 1980s are outdated. Our objective was to analyze modern weather surveillance radars to develop proposals for improvement of radar-generated radiofrequency field monitoring. Materials and methods: We studied trends in meteorological radiolocation and technical characteristics of modern weather radars for atmospheric sensing and weather alerts, analyzed regulations for EMF measurements and hygienic assessment, and measured radiofrequency fields produced by weather radar antennas in open areas and at workplaces of operators. Results: We established that modern types of weather radars used in upper-air sensing systems and storm warning networks differ significantly in terms of technical characteristics and operating modes from previous generations. Developed in the 1980s, current hygienic standards for human exposures to radiofrequency fields from weather radar antennas are obsolete. Conclusions: It is essential to develop an up-to-date regulatory and method document specifying estimation and instrumental monitoring of EMF levels generated by weather radars and measuring instruments for monitoring of pulse-modulated electromagnetic radiation.

Phase segregating and complex forming Pb-based (=X-Pb) liquid alloys

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Indra Bahadur Bhandari ◽  
Narayan Panthi ◽  
Ishwar Koirala ◽  
Devendra Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Alloys

scholarly journals Calorimetric studies and thermodynamic properties of Li-Pb-Pd liquid alloys

2021 ◽  
pp. 116791
Author(s):  
A. Dębski ◽  
S. Terlicka ◽  
W. Gąsior ◽  
M. Saternus ◽  
A. Fornalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Liquid Alloys ◽  
Calorimetric Studies
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