EMF Measurements in Nickel Chloride‐Sodium Chloride Melts with Beta‐Alumina Electrolytes

1981 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Roumieu ◽  
A. D. Pelton
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Emf Measurements ◽  
Chloride Melts ◽  
Beta Alumina

Hot Corrosion of Nimonic 105 in Sodium Sulfate-Sodium Chloride Melts

CORROSION ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 392-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. C. Sequeira ◽  
M. G. Hocking
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Hot Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Free Corrosion Potential ◽  
Chloride Melts ◽  
Ni Alloy ◽  
Potential Decay

Abstract The corrosion behavior of Nimonic 105 in molten Na2SO4, NaCl, and mixtures of these two salts, at 900 C, in laboratory air and under O2 + SO2/SO3 atmospheres has been evaluated by potentiodynamic, potential decay, and free corrosion potential measurements. In addition, the corrosion products were examined using several electron-optical techniques, and by other analytical methods. Pure Na2SO4 in air did not seem to be very corrosive towards Nimonic 105. Addition of NaCl to the molten Na2SO4 resulted in increased dissolution of Nimonic 105, which was in general nonuniform, alloy constituents nickel and cobalt dissolving more than others. Evidence of internal attack and enhancement of dissolution of the Ni alloy by SO3 was significant only when the corrosion conditions were prolonged. In pure NaCl, catastrophic corrosion occurs, which has been attributed to the depletion, dissolution, and vaporization of some alloy species.

scholarly journals Haemolytic Effects of Hypo-osmotic Salt Solutions on Human Erythrocytes

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Nepal ◽  
J P Rao
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Potassium Salts ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Chloride Salts ◽  
Human Red Cells

Background While it is well known that hypotonic solutions of sodium chloride induce hemolysis, the effects of other salt solutions on human erythrocytes have not been well documented. Objective The study is to compare the effects of other salt solutions on human red cells. Methods Iso-osmotic and hypo-osmotic solutions of various salts were prepared after taking into account their molecular weight and osmotic pressure. Five healthy volunteers between the age of 22-30 years were randomly selected and ten blood samples were collected from them. The study was conducted from January 2009 to February 2009. Blood was collected from subjects by venepuncture into heparinised tubes. 20 ?l of blood was pipetted into 1 ml of each solution and incubated for one hour at 37ºC in a water bath. The solutions were centrifuged and the colour of the supernatant was read in a spectrophotometer. Supernatant from blood added to distilled water was considered 100% hemolysed. Results Iso-osmotic salt solutions were free of hemolysis. Among chloride salts, sodium chloride showed the least hemolysis and potassium chloride and nickel chloride resulted into greater hemolysis. Among potassium salts, potassium bromate caused highest amount of hemolysis whereas potassium sulphate showed the least. Conclusion The significant differences in hemolytic pattern in hypo-osmotic salts solutions suggest that the hypo-osmotic stress causes morphological changes in red cells that alter their permeability to various ions leading to hemolysis. This probably occurs through opening of volume sensitive channels. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i2.6285Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;9(2):35-9

The cathode process in sodium chloride melts containing sulphate

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (26) ◽  
pp. 5825-5828
Author(s):  
M. Ambrová ◽  
V. Danielik ◽  
P. Fellner ◽  
J. Thonstad
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Cathode Process ◽  
Chloride Melts
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