On Ionic Association in Ambient Temperature Chloroaluminate Molten Salts: Analysis of Electrochemical and Conductance Data

1985 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 1126-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Lipsztajn ◽  
Robert A. Osteryoung
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Ionic Association ◽  
Conductance Data

Conductimetric studies of ionic association of tetraalkylammonium halides in iso-propanol + water mixtures at 25 °C. Part II.

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1720-1727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Auaz Ahmad Ansari ◽  
M. R. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Association Constant ◽  
Ionic Association ◽  
Size Parameter ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Tetraalkylammonium Ions ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Ion Size ◽  
Tetraalkylammonium Halides

Electrical conductivities of Me4NBr, Et4NBr, Pr4NBr, Bu4NBr, and Bu4PBr have been measured in isopropanol + water (2-PrOH + H2O) mixtures covering the approximate range of dielectric constant (71.40 ≥ D ≥ 19.40) at 25 °C. The conductance data have been analysed by using the Fuoss-1978 (F78) conductance equation and the results compared with those obtained from the Fuoss–Onsager–Skinner (FOS) equation. The values of the limiting equivalent conductance, Λ0, the association constant, KA, and the distance of ion-size parameter [Formula: see text] are computed from these data. A better fit of the conductance data was provided by the F78 equation. Ion–solvent interactions and effective sizes of tetraalkylammonium ions are also discussed in order to understand the magnitude of the ionic association. The overall association behaviour of these salts has been found to increase with decrease in dielectric constant of the medium.

Friedel-Crafts reactions in ambient-temperature molten salts

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Boon ◽  
Joseph A. Levisky ◽  
J. Lloyd Pflug ◽  
John S. Wilkes
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Molten Salts

Conductivity and ionic association of tetraalkylammonium halides in tert-butanol–water mixture at 25 °C

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1223-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aijaz Ahmad Ansari ◽  
M. R. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Ion Association ◽  
Ionic Association ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Solvent Interaction ◽  
Tert Butanol ◽  
Ion Association Constants ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Ion Size ◽  
Tetraalkylammonium Halides

The molar conductivities of Pr4NBr, Bu4NBr, Pr4NI, and BU4NI have been measured in tert-butanol–water (t-BuOH–H2O) mixtures (61.30 ≥ D ≥ 16.50) over the maximum concentration range (2 × D3 × 10−7 mol dm−3) along with the densities and viscosities of the solvent mixtures at 25 °C. The conductance data have been analysed by using the Fuoss-1978 (F78) conductance equation and the results compared with the values obtained from the Justice (J), Pitt's (P), and Fuoss–Onsager–Skinner (FOS) equations. Molar conductivities at infinite dilution (Λ0), the thermodynamic ion association constants (KA) and the distance or ion-size parameters (R0 or a0) are evaluated from these data. The F78 equation fitted the data better and yielded KA and R values which are in accord with the ion-association theories. The interpretation of these parameters is discussed to provide some insight on the magnitude of the ionic association and the ion–solvent interaction.

Spectroscopy of chromium compounds in molten salts

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Brookes ◽  
S. N. Flengas
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Dilute Solutions ◽  
Heats Of Solution ◽  
Chromium Compounds

Modifications to the Hitachi Perkin–Elmer 139 ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer are described which enable absorption spectra of molten salts to be measured to 865 °C. The instrument can be readily reconverted for ambient temperature measurements. The solubilities and the limiting heats of solution of Ag2CrO4 and PbCrO4 in equimolar NaNO3–KNO3 have been measured spectrophotometrically from 250 to 350 °C. The absorption spectrum of dilute solutions of Cr(III) in CsCl has been measured, the octahedral CrCl63− being present in solution at 700 °C.

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