Effect of Platinum Particle Size on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction on 2% Pt‐1%  H 2 WO 4 in Phosphoric Acid

1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 1814-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Savadogo ◽  
A. Essalik
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Platinum Particle

scholarly journals Synthesis of P- and N-doped carbon catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction via controlled phosphoric acid treatment of folic acid

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rieko Kobayashi ◽  
Takafumi Ishii ◽  
Yasuo Imashiro ◽  
Jun-ichi Ozaki
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
P Content ◽  
Orr Activity ◽  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Pyridinic N

Herein, we synthesized N- and P-doped carbons (PN-doped carbons) by controlled phosphoric acid treatment (CPAT) of folic acid (FA) and probed their ability to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode of a fuel cell. Precursors obtained by heating FA in the presence of phosphoric acid at temperatures of 400–1000 °C were further annealed at 1000 °C to afford PN-doped carbons. The extent of precursor P-doping was maximized at 700 °C, and the use of higher temperatures resulted in activation and increased porosity rather than in increased P content. The P/C atomic ratios of PN-doped carbons were well correlated with those of precursors, which indicated that CPAT was well suited for the preparation of PN-doped carbons. Carbon prepared using a CPAT temperature of 700 °C exhibited the highest oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and was shown to contain –C–PO2 and –C–PO3 moieties as the major P species and pyridinic N as the major N species; moreover, no N–P bonds were detected. The presence of –C–PO2 and –C–PO3 units was concluded to decrease the work function and thus raise the Fermi level above the standard O2/H2O reduction potential, which resulted in enhanced ORR activity. Finally, CPAT was concluded to be applicable to the synthesis of PN-doped carbons from N-containing organic compounds other than FA.

The Particle Size Dependence of the Oxygen Reduction Reaction for Carbon-Supported Platinum and Palladium

ChemSusChem ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1973-1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Anastasopoulos ◽  
J. C. Davies ◽  
L. Hannah ◽  
B. E. Hayden ◽  
C. E. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Size Dependence ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Supported Platinum

Particle size-control enables extraordinary activity of ruthenium nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotube catalysts towards the oxygen reduction reaction

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (29) ◽  
pp. 13968-13976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Gailing Bai ◽  
Zhifeng Jiao ◽  
Baoying Lv ◽  
Yunwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Ruthenium Nanoparticles ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon

Catalysts with optimal size for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) play a vital important role in fuel cells and metal–air batteries.

scholarly journals Synthesis of P- and N-doped carbon catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction via controlled phosphoric acid treatment of folic acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1497-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rieko Kobayashi ◽  
Takafumi Ishii ◽  
Yasuo Imashiro ◽  
Jun-ichi Ozaki
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
P Content ◽  
Orr Activity ◽  
Carbon Catalysts

Herein, we synthesized P- and N-doped carbon materials (PN-doped carbon materials) through controlled phosphoric acid treatment (CPAT) of folic acid (FA) and probed their ability to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode of a fuel cell. Precursors obtained by heating FA in the presence of phosphoric acid at temperatures of 400–1000 °C were further annealed at 1000 °C to afford PN-doped carbon materials. The extent of precursor P doping was maximized at 700 °C, and the use of higher temperatures resulted in activation and increased porosity rather than in increased P content. The P/C atomic ratios of PN-doped carbon materials correlated well with those of the precursors, which indicated that CPAT is well suited for the preparation of PN-doped carbon materials. The carbon material prepared using a CPAT temperature of 700 °C exhibited the highest ORR activity and was shown to contain –C–PO2 and –C–PO3 moieties as the major P species and pyridinic N as the major N species. Moreover, no N–P bonds were detected. It was concluded that the presence of –C–PO2 and –C–PO3 units decreases the work function and thus raises the Fermi level above the standard O2/H2O reduction potential, which resulted in enhanced ORR activity. Finally, CPAT was concluded to be applicable to the synthesis of PN-doped carbon materials from N-containing organic compounds other than FA.

scholarly journals Catalyst evaluation for oxygen reduction reaction in concentrated phosphoric acid at elevated temperatures

2018 ◽  
Vol 375 ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Hu ◽  
Yiliang Jiang ◽  
Jens Oluf Jensen ◽  
Lars N. Cleemann ◽  
Qingfeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Reduction Reaction
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