Effects of Hydrogen on Semiconductivity of Passive Films and Corrosion Behavior of 310 Stainless Steel

1999 ◽  
Vol 146 (6) ◽  
pp. 2107-2112 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Yang ◽  
J. L. Luo ◽  
Q. Yang ◽  
L. J. Qiao ◽  
Z. Q. Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Passive Films ◽  
310 Stainless Steel

Electrochemical corrosion behavior of type 444 stainless steel in synthetic tap water at different temperatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjie Zhang ◽  
Ronghai Xu ◽  
Lele Liu ◽  
Sensen Xin ◽  
Moucheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Passive Films ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the electrochemical corrosion behavior of type 444 stainless steel (SS) in synthetic tap water from 25°C to 80°C, i.e. the operation environment of the electric water heater. Design/methodology/approach The corrosion behavior was studied by using electrochemical measurements such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization curve. The specimen surfaces were observed with scanning electron microscopy. The passive films were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Findings In the typical tap water, 444 SS passivates spontaneously under different temperatures. The passive films formed at higher temperatures contain relatively less Cr-species and more Cl− ions, resulting in lower polarization resistances. The stable pitting corrosion takes place in the potential region of oxygen evolution as the temperature increases to about 55°C. The critical Cl− concentration of pitting corrosion reduces from about 160 mg L−1 to 60 mg L−1 with changing temperature from 25°C to 80°C. Practical implications The pitting corrosion probability was assessed through the statistical analysis of tap water quality. The results are useful for the application of 444 SS as well as the design of electric water heater. Originality/value This paper shows the variation of polarization resistance, pitting potential, passive film composition and critical pitting chloride concentration with the temperature of tap water. It is of great significance for the development and application of SS in tap water environments.

NiAl precipitation in Fe-12w/o Cr-5w/o Ni-4w/o Al

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
L.E. Murr ◽  
J.S. Dunning ◽  
S. Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Chromium Content ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Optical Metallography ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
310 Stainless Steel ◽  
Microstructural Studies

Aluminum additions to conventional 18Cr-8Ni austenitic stainless steel compositions impart excellent resistance to high sulfur environments. However, problems are typically encountered with aluminum additions above about 1% due to embrittlement caused by aluminum in solid solution and the precipitation of NiAl. Consequently, little use has been made of aluminum alloy additions to stainless steels for use in sulfur or H2S environments in the chemical industry, energy conversion or generation, and mineral processing, for example.A research program at the Albany Research Center has concentrated on the development of a wrought alloy composition with as low a chromium content as possible, with the idea of developing a low-chromium substitute for 310 stainless steel (25Cr-20Ni) which is often used in high-sulfur environments. On the basis of workability and microstructural studies involving optical metallography on 100g button ingots soaked at 700°C and air-cooled, a low-alloy composition Fe-12Cr-5Ni-4Al (in wt %) was selected for scale up and property evaluation.

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