An adaptive forgetting-factor inverse square-root recursive least squares (AF-iQRRLS) with inverse of correlation matrix updating is presented for per-tone equalisation in discrete multitone-based systems. The proposed inverse covariance update of the square-root covariance Kalman filter is introduced to prepare for the signal flow graph (SFG). This reduced derivation of adaptive inverse square-root recursive least squares algorithm can modify via SFG. In order to reduce the computational complexity, the forgetting-factor parameter for each group called per-group forgettingfactor (PGFF) approach based on AF-iQRRLS algorithm is introduced. The forgetting-factor from the middle of each group is selected as a representative in order to find an optimal forgetting-factor parameter by using AF-iQRRLS algorithm. After convergence, it is fixed for remaining tones of whole group. Simulation results reveal that the trajectories of modified PGFF of the proposed algorithm for each individual tone can converge to their own equilibria. Moreover, the performance of the proposed algorithms are improved as compared with the existing algorithm.
Robust Parameter Estimation of an Electric Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Using Adaptive Forgetting Factor Recursive Least Squares