scholarly journals Brain Default Mode Network Changes after Renal Transplantation: A Diffusion-Tensor Imaging and Resting-State Functional MR Imaging Study

Radiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Jiang Zhang ◽  
Jiqiu Wen ◽  
Xue Liang ◽  
Rongfeng Qi ◽  
U. Joseph Schoepf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Functional Mr Imaging

scholarly journals Constituents and functional implications of the rat default mode network

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (31) ◽  
pp. E4541-E4547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ming Hsu ◽  
Xia Liang ◽  
Hong Gu ◽  
Julia K. Brynildsen ◽  
Jennifer A. Stark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Fiber Density ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Neurocognitive Aging

The default mode network (DMN) has been suggested to support a variety of self-referential functions in humans and has been fractionated into subsystems based on distinct responses to cognitive tasks and functional connectivity architecture. Such subsystems are thought to reflect functional hierarchy and segregation within the network. Because preclinical models can inform translational studies of neuropsychiatric disorders, partitioning of the DMN in nonhuman species, which has previously not been reported, may inform both physiology and pathophysiology of the human DMN. In this study, we sought to identify constituents of the rat DMN using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging. After identifying DMN using a group-level independent-component analysis on the rs-fMRI data, modularity analyses fractionated the DMN into an anterior and a posterior subsystem, which were further segregated into five modules. Diffusion tensor imaging tractography demonstrates a close relationship between fiber density and the functional connectivity between DMN regions, and provides anatomical evidence to support the detected DMN subsystems. Finally, distinct modulation was seen within and between these DMN subcomponents using a neurocognitive aging model. Taken together, these results suggest that, like the human DMN, the rat DMN can be partitioned into several subcomponents that may support distinct functions. These data encourage further investigation into the neurobiological mechanisms of DMN processing in preclinical models of both normal and disease states.

scholarly journals Characterization of Structural Connectivity of the Default Mode Network in Dogs using Diffusion Tensor Imaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Robinson ◽  
Madhura Baxi ◽  
Jeffrey S. Katz ◽  
Paul Waggoner ◽  
Ronald Beyers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode

Regional Homogeneity Changes in Heroin-dependent Individuals: Resting-State Functional MR Imaging Study

Radiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 261 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Wei Qiu ◽  
Lu-Jun Han ◽  
Xiao-Fei Lv ◽  
Gui-Hua Jiang ◽  
Jun-Zhang Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Regional Homogeneity ◽  
Functional Mr Imaging

Advances in neuroimaging in patients with epilepsy

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. E3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elysa Widjaja ◽  
Charles Raybaud
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Intractable Epilepsy ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Corticospinal Tracts ◽  
Intractable Seizures ◽  
Functional Mr Imaging ◽  
Eloquent Cortex ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Intractable seizures can have a devastating effect on the development of a child. In children with intractable epilepsy that is refractory to medication, surgical treatment may be needed. Magnetic resonance imaging is an essential neuroimaging tool to assist in the identification of an epileptogenic substrate. The interpretation of MR images should be done in the context of clinical knowledge of the seizure symptomatology and electroencephalographic findings. Quantitative processing of structural MR data and advanced MR imaging such as diffusion tensor imaging and MR spectroscopy have the potential to identify subtle lesions that may otherwise have been missed. In addition to lesion localization, identification of eloquent cortex and white matter tracts are also an essential component of epilepsy surgery workup. Functional MR imaging maps the sensorimotor cortex and also lateralizes language. Diffusion tensor imaging tractography can be used to map the corticospinal tracts and the optic radiations. In addition to MR imaging, magnetoencephalography and nuclear medicine studies such as PET and SPECT scanning may be used to lateralize seizure focus when clinical, electrophysiological, and structural MR imaging findings are discordant.

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