scholarly journals Malformations of Cortical Development: Diagnostic Accuracy of Fetal MR Imaging

Radiology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orit A. Glenn ◽  
Addison A. Cuneo ◽  
A. James Barkovich ◽  
Zary Hashemi ◽  
Agnes I. Bartha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cortical Development ◽  
Malformations Of Cortical Development ◽  
Fetal Mr

scholarly journals Vertebral Bone Marrow and Endplate Assessment on MR Imaging for the Differentiation of Modic Type 1 Endplate Changes and Infectious Spondylodiscitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Schwarz-Nemec ◽  
Klaus M. Friedrich ◽  
Christoph Stihsen ◽  
Felix K. Schwarz ◽  
Siegfried Trattnig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Vertebral Bone ◽  
Endplate Changes ◽  
Modic Type ◽  
Infectious Spondylodiscitis ◽  
Vertebral Bone Marrow

On magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, Modic type 1 (MT1) endplate changes and infectious spondylodiscitis share similar findings. Therefore, this study investigated vertebral bone marrow and endplate changes to enable their differentiation. The lumbar spine MR examinations of 91 adult patients were retrospectively included: 39 with MT1; 19 with early spondylodiscitis without abscess; and 33 with advanced spondylodiscitis with abscess. The assessment included percentage of bone marrow edema on sagittal short tau inversion recovery images, and the signal ratio of edema to unaffected bone and endplate contour (normal; irregular, yet intact; blurred; destructive) on sagittal unenhanced T1-weighted images. Differences were tested for statistical significance by Chi-square test and mixed model analysis of variance. The MR diagnostic accuracy in differentiating MT1 and spondylodiscitis was assessed by cross-tabulation and receiver-operating characteristic analysis. The endplate contours, edema extents, and T1-signal ratios of MT1 (extent, 31.96%; ratio, 0.83) were significantly different (p < 0.001) from early spondylodiscitis (56.42%; 0.60), and advanced spondylodiscitis (91.84%; 0.61). The highest diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, 94.87%; specificity, 94.23%; accuracy, 94.51%) in identifying MT1 was provided by an irregular, yet intact endplate contour. This may be a useful MR feature for the differentiation between MT1 and spondylodiscitis, particularly in its early stage.

scholarly journals Malformations of Cortical Development, Cognitive Involvementand Epilepsy: A Single Institution Experience in 19 Young Patients

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Valeria Venti ◽  
Maria Chiara Consentino ◽  
Pierluigi Smilari ◽  
Filippo Greco ◽  
Claudia Francesca Oliva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Cortical Development ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Cortical Dysplasia ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Malformations Of Cortical Development ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Cognitive Involvement ◽  
Group Ii

Background. Malformations of cortical development (MCD) include a wide range of congenital disorders mostly causing severe cognitive dysfunction and epilepsy. Objective: to report on clinical features including cognitive involvement, epileptic seizures with response to antiseizure medications, comorbidities in young patients affected by MCD and followed in a single tertiary hospital. Patients and methods: A retrospective review of the medical records and magnetic resonance images (MRI) of 19 young patients with an age ranging between eight days and fifteen years affected by MCD and admitted to Pediatrics Department University of Catania, Italy from October 2009 and October 2020 were selected. Patients were distinguished in three groups following the Barcovich et al. 2012 classification for MCD: 4 (21%) in Group I; 8 (42%) in Group II; and, and 7 (37%) in Group III. Clinical features and MRI of the patients including cognitive involvement, epilepsy type and response to drugs treatment were analyzed. Results: In Group I, two patients showed cortical dysplasia and two dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors plus focal cortical dysplasia; developmental delay/intellectual disability (DD/ID) was severe in one, moderate in one and absent in two; the type of seizures was in all the cases focal to bilateral tonic-clonic (FBTCs), and drug resistant was found in one case. In Group II, three patients showed neuronal hetero-topias and five had pachygyria-lissencephaly: DD/ID was severe in four, moderate in two, and absent in two; the type of seizure was focal (FS) in five, focal to bilateral tonic-clonic (FBTCs) in two, infantile spasms (IS) in one, and drug resistant was found in three. In Group III, six showed polymicrogyria and one schizencephaly: DD/ID was found severe in five, moderate in two, and the type of seizure was focal (FS) in five, FBTCS in two, and drug resistance was found in three.

scholarly journals Teaching NeuroImages: Brain MRI and FDG-PET in malformations of cortical development and hippocampal hypoplasia

Neurology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. e47-e47 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Renard ◽  
G. Castelnovo ◽  
D. Daubin ◽  
L. Collombier ◽  
C. Briere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Cortical Development ◽  
Malformations Of Cortical Development

Heterogeneous epileptogenicity and cortical function within malformations of cortical development: A case report

2006 ◽  
Vol 251 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Masako Kinoshita ◽  
Akio Ikeda ◽  
Junya Taki ◽  
Keiko Usui ◽  
Riki Matsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cortical Development ◽  
Malformations Of Cortical Development ◽  
Cortical Function

scholarly journals Malformations of cortical development: current concepts and advanced neuroimaging review

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celi Santos Andrade ◽  
Claudia da Costa Leite
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cortical Development ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Malformations Of Cortical Development ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Delay ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Specific Disorders ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Work Up

Malformations of cortical development (MCD) result from disruptions in the complex process of the human brain cortex formation and are highly associated to severe epilepsy, neurodevelopmental delay and motor dysfunction. Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the cornerstone of the work-up of patients with epilepsy and modern advanced imaging techniques have improved not only our ability to detect and characterize cortical malformations, but also in identifying associated functional abnormalities that are far beyond the structural visualized lesions. Herein, we address the most currently used classifications of MCD and make a concise review of the embryological process of cortical development. Our main goal is to summarize recent advances and new trends in diagnostic imaging techniques concerning MCD. Thereafter, follows a brief discussion of specific disorders and their radiological features.

Magnetic resonance imaging versus ultrasonography for the in utero evaluation of central nervous system anomalies

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Peruzzi ◽  
Rebecca J. Corbitt ◽  
Corey Raffel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
False Negative ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Fetal Ultrasonography ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Fetal Mr

Object The use of fetal MR imaging for the in utero evaluation of pathological conditions of the CNS is widely accepted as an adjunct to fetal ultrasonography studies. Magnetic resonance imaging is thought to characterize CNS anomalies better, and to provide a more exact diagnosis and accurate prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of and indications for fetal MR imaging in evaluating fetuses with different CNS abnormalities that were seen initially on prenatal sonograms. Methods Over a 3-year period, fetuses with prior sonographic evidence of CNS abnormalities who consequently received prenatal MR imaging at Columbus Nationwide Children's Hospital within 2 weeks of the fetal ultrasonography study were included in this study. For each patient, radiological reports from both studies were reviewed, analyzed, and compared with the findings at postnatal imaging or physical examination. Results of the 2 modalities were then compared in terms of diagnostic accuracy. Results Twenty-six fetuses were included in this study on the basis of an in utero sonogram showing a CNS anomaly. Their gestational age ranged from 17 to 35 weeks, with a mean of 25 weeks at the time of fetal ultrasonography. Hydrocephalus was identified in 16 fetuses, 6 had evidence of a spinal dysraphic defect, 2 had holoprosencephaly, 1 had an encephalocele, and 1 had multiple body abnormalities requiring detailed CNS evaluation. Twenty-five of the fetuses were correctly evaluated as having abnormal CNS findings on both fetal ultrasonography and fetal MR imaging. Fetal ultrasonography provided a correct prenatal diagnosis in 20 cases, whereas fetal MR imaging was correct in 22 cases. There were 9 cumulative false-positive results for fetal ultrasonography and 7 for fetal MR imaging, whereas for false-negative results there were a total of 34 and 19, respectively. Conclusions Fetal MR imaging is more sensitive in detecting fetal CNS abnormalities, but its ability to provide a correct prenatal diagnosis is only marginally superior to fetal ultrasonography. Moreover, fetal MR imaging is not exempt from misdiagnosis, and still shows a significantly high rate of false-negative results. Particularly for spinal dysraphic defects, fetal MR imaging does not seem to add important diagnostic or prognostic details when compared with fetal ultrasonography.

Genetic malformations of cortical development

2006 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renzo Guerrini ◽  
Carla Marini
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Development ◽  
Malformations Of Cortical Development
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document