Subluxation of the Atlas Causing Spinal Cord Compression in a Case of Down's Syndrome with a “Manifestation of an Occipital Vertebra”

Radiology ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Martel ◽  
Rodolfo Uyham ◽  
Cyrus W. Stimson
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Occipital Vertebra

scholarly journals Atlanto-Axial Instability in People with Down’s Syndrome and its Impact on the Ability to Perform Sports Activities – A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Myśliwiec ◽  
Adam Posłuszny ◽  
Edward Saulicz ◽  
Iwona Doroniewicz ◽  
Paweł Linek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
X Ray

AbstractAtlanto-axial instability (AAI) is a developmental anomaly often occurring in persons with Down’s syndrome (DS). According to various reports, AAI affects from 6.8 to 27% of the population with DS. The aim of this review was to illustrate the issue of AAI with regard to the progressively changing state of scientific knowledge. The extended distance between the rear surface of the frontal arcus of the C1 cervical vertebra and the anterior surface of C2 cervical vertebra dens (anterior atlanto-odontoid distance, AAOD) indicates the occurrence of AAI and is detectable through X-ray examination. Hypoplasia of the C2 dens, also detectable through X-ray examination, is another suggested risk factor for AAI. According to current data, the methodology of taking measurements is inconsistent, which leads to errors in interpretation. As research focusing on AAI was progressing, new data emerged from other studies on persons with DS, suggesting that neurological symptoms in persons with DS that indicated the occurrence of spinal cord compression were an important factor in medical imaging detection of AAI. One of the main arguments supporting this thesis is that in isolated cases spinal cord (SC) damage was noted during screening examinations conducted on a large population of subjects. Moreover, cases in which the neurological symptoms indicate spinal cord compression existed long before the occurrence of the actual damage also remain of significant importance. Therefore, it is necessary to promote neurological studies on persons with DS to enable early diagnosis of spinal cord compression and, at the same time, reduce the use of medical imaging in cases of neurological symptoms.

Spinal cord compression due to extramedullary hematopoiesis in beta-thalassemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 663-664
Author(s):  
Renan Ramon Souza LOPES ◽  
Larissa Soares CARDOSO ◽  
Franz ONISHI
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Beta Thalassemia

scholarly journals Is there a right time for surgery in paraplegic patients secondary to non traumatic spinal cord compression?

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Giacomini ◽  
Roger Neves Mathias ◽  
Andrei Fernandes Joaquim ◽  
Mateus Dal Fabbro ◽  
Enrico Ghizoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Motor Deficit ◽  
Indication For Surgery ◽  
Sensory Deficits ◽  
Sensory Involvement ◽  
Spinal Cord Decompression

Paraplegia is a well-defined state of complete motor deficit in lower limbs, regardless of sensory involvement. The cause of paraplegia usually guides treatment, however, some controversies remain about the time and benefits for spinal cord decompression in nontraumatic paraplegic patients, especially after 48 hours of the onset of paraplegia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of spinal cord decompression in such patients. We describe three patients with paraplegia secondary to non-traumatic spinal cord compression without sensory deficits, and who were surgically treated after more than 48 hours of the onset of symptoms. All patients, even those with paraplegia during more than 48 hours, had benefits from spinal cord decompression like recovery of gait ability. The duration of paraplegia, which influences prognosis, is not a contra-indication for surgery. The preservation of sensitivity in this group of patients should be considered as a positive prognostic factor when surgery is taken into account.

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