An Improved Technic for the Measurement of Bone Mineral Content in Vivo

Radiology ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Cameron ◽  
Roderick Grant ◽  
Roderick MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content

A multicenter comparison of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometers: In vivo and in vitro measurements of bone mineral content and density

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina D. Economos ◽  
Miriam E. Nelson ◽  
Maria A. Fiatarone ◽  
Gerard E. Dallal ◽  
Steven B. Heymsfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Measurements

scholarly journals IN VIVO BONE MINERAL CONTENT IN SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

1974 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-400
Author(s):  
Charles H Epps ◽  
Jay R Shapiro ◽  
W Tabb Moore ◽  
Hildegard Jorgensen ◽  
Roland B Scott
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Mineral Content

scholarly journals The GH secretagogues ipamorelin and GH-releasing peptide-6 increase bone mineral content in adult female rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Svensson ◽  
S Lall ◽  
SL Dickson ◽  
BA Bengtsson ◽  
J Romer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Volumetric Bmd ◽  
Ash Weight

Growth hormone (GH) is of importance for normal bone remodelling. A recent clinical study demonstrated that MK-677, a member of a class of GH secretagogues (GHSs), increases serum concentrations of biochemical markers of bone formation and bone resorption. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the GHSs, ipamorelin (IPA) and GH-releasing peptide-6 (GHRP-6), increase bone mineral content (BMC) in young adult female rats. Thirteen-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were given IPA (0.5 mg/kg per day; n=7), GHRP-6 (0.5 mg/kg per day; n=8), GH (3.5 mg/kg per day; n=7), or vehicle administered continuously s.c. via osmotic minipumps for 12 weeks. The animals were followed in vivo by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements every 4th week. After the animals were killed, femurs were analysed in vitro by mid-diaphyseal peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) scans. After this, excised femurs and vertebrae L6 were analysed by the use of Archimedes' principle and by determinations of ash weights. All treatments increased body weight and total tibial and vertebral BMC measured by DXA in vivo compared with vehicle-treated controls. However, total BMC corrected for the increase in body weight (total BMC:body weight ratio) was unaffected. Tibial area bone mineral density (BMD, BMC/area) was increased, but total and vertebral area BMDs were unchanged. The pQCT measurements in vitro revealed that the increase in the cortical BMC was due to an increased cross-sectional bone area, whereas the cortical volumetric BMD was unchanged. Femur and vertebra L6 volumes were increased but no effect was seen on the volumetric BMDs as measured by Archimedes' principle. Ash weight was increased by all treatments, but the mineral concentration was unchanged. We conclude that treatment of adult female rats with the GHSs ipamorelin and GHRP-6 increases BMC as measured by DXA in vivo. The results of in vitro measurements using pQCT and Archimedes' principle, in addition to ash weight determinations, show that the increases in cortical and total BMC were due to an increased growth of the bones with increased bone dimensions, whereas the volumetric BMD was unchanged.

Noninvasive Determination of Ulnar Stiffness From Mechanical Response—In Vivo Comparison of Stiffness and Bone Mineral Content in Humans

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Steele ◽  
L.-J. Zhou ◽  
D. Guido ◽  
R. Marcus ◽  
W. L. Heinrichs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Curve Fit

An approach referred to as Mechanical Response Tissue Analysis (MRTA) has been developed for the noninvasive determination of mechanical properties of the constituents of the intact limb. Of specific interest in the present study is the bending stiffness of the ulna. The point mechanical impedance properties in the low frequency regime, between 60 and 1,600 Hz are used. The procedure requires a proper design of the probe for good contact of the skin at midshaft and proper support of the proximal and distal ends of the forearm to obtain an approximation to “simple support” of the ulna. A seven-parameter model for the mechanical response is then valid, which includes the first mode of anterior-posterior beam bending of the ulna, the damping and spring effect of the soft tissue between probe and bone, and the damping of musculature. A dynamic analyzer (HP3562A) provides in seconds the impedance curve and the pole-zero curve fit. The physical parameters are obtained from a closed-form solution in terms of the curve-fit parameters. The procedure is automated and is robust and analytically reliable at about the five percent level. Some 80 human subjects have been evaluated by this mechanical response system and by the Norland single photon absorptiometer, providing for the first time in vivo, a comparison of elastic bending stiffness (ulna) and bone mineral content (radius). Three functional parameters of potential clinical value are the cross-sectional bending stiffness EI, the axial load capability Pcr (Euler buckling load) and the bone “sufficiency” S, defined as the ratio of Pcr to body weight. The correlation between EI and bone mineral (r = 0.81) is only slightly less than previous in vitro results with both measurements on the same bone (r = 0.89). When sufficiency is taken into consideration, the correlation of Pcr and bone mineral content is improved (r = 0.89). An implication is that “quality” of bone is a factor which is not indicated by bone mineral content but which is indicated by stiffness. Bone mineral is necessary for proper stiffness but not sufficient. Therefore mechanical measurement should provide a new dimension to be used toward a better understanding of the factors related to bone health and disease.

Galactosyl hydroxylysine and hydroxyproline urinary excretion and in vivo bone mineral content of growing rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
P. Villani ◽  
P. Bettica ◽  
L. Moro ◽  
A. Rubinacci ◽  
GL. Moro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Growing Rats

Measurement of Bone Mineral Content to Facilitate an Objective Evalution of Limp Function in the Dog

1994 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Petersen ◽  
A. Wenck ◽  
Henriette Strøm ◽  
E. Svalastoga
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Dual Photon Absorptiometry ◽  
Photon Absorptiometry ◽  
Significant Difference

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using measurements of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) by dual photon absorptiometry (DPA; Gadolinium-153), as an objective measure of limb functional status in the dog. The in vitro accuracy error expressed as the standard error of the estimate (SEE) for BMC and BMD measurements was 3.2% and 1.1% respectively, and the precision in vivo for measurements of BMC and BMD in the distal diaphysis of the tibia and fibula was 2.1% and 1.9% respectively. A significant difference in bone mineral between right and left leg was not found in normal dogs, and in these dogs the average percentage intra-individual difference, between bone mineral in the legs with the highest bone density and the legs with the lowest density, was 2.2% and 3.7% for BMC and BMD respectively. However the BMC and BMD in eight clinical cases of unilateral lameness were significantly decreased in the affected legs, when compared to the healthy contralateral legs, by 20.4% (P = 0.01) and 18.3% (P = 0.01)respectively. Measurements of BMC and BMD by DP A in weight-bearing extremities in the dog showed that bone mineral is highly sensitive to decreased loading of the extremity. This method might well be used not only as an objective measure of limb activity, but also for measurement of prospective changes in bone mineral, following treatment of musculoskeletal diseases and injuries.The feasibility of using bone mineral measurements by dual photon absorptiometry, as an objective measure of limb functional status in the dog, was evaluated. Precision and accuracy were calculated from in vitro and in vivo studies. In eight cases of unilateral lameness bone mineral was significantly decreased (20%) in the affected legs when compared to the healthy contralateral legs.

In vivo evaluation of bone mineral content and bone area on the Norland XR-46 and XR-800 systems

Bone ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. S83
Author(s):  
Tom Sanchez ◽  
Jingmei Wang ◽  
Kathy Dudzek ◽  
Chad Dudzek
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation
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