The history of the use of computers in the interpretation of radiological images

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Lodwick
Keyword(s):  
Radiological Images ◽  
History Of

Anterior fracture dislocation of the odontoid peg in ankylosing spondylitis as a cause for rhinolalia clausa: a case study

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Hilton ◽  
P Tassone ◽  
J Hanif ◽  
B Blagnys
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fracture Dislocation ◽  
Nasal Airways ◽  
Radiological Images ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

AbstractWe present an unusual cause of rhinolalia clausa secondary to an oropharyngeal mass. A 69-year-old male presented to the otorhinolaryngology clinic with a one year history of a ‘plummy’ voice. He had a longstanding history of severe ankylosing spondylitis. Examination revealed an obvious hyponasal voice and a smooth hard mass in the midline of the posterior nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal walls. Subsequent computed tomography scans and lateral plain neck X-ray showed a fracture dislocation of the odontoid peg, secondary to ankylosing spondylitis, which had eroded through the body of the C1 vertebra to lie anteriorly, resulting in the aforementioned impression into the pharyngeal mucosa. The radiological images, the role of the nasal airways in phonation and the causes of hyponasal speech are discussed.

scholarly journals 637 Enterolith Ileus Secondary to Small Bowel Diverticulum: A Rare Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Elmasry ◽  
A Dey ◽  
R Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
Gallstone Ileus ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Duodenojejunal Flexure ◽  
Radiological Images ◽  
History Of ◽  
Right Iliac Fossa Pain ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Abnormal Peristalsis

Abstract Small intestinal diverticula are rare and possibly acquired secondary to bowel dyskinesia, abnormal peristalsis, or high intraluminal pressures. Enterolith formation and obstruction are a less encountered complication of these diverticula. An elderly man, with no history of abdominal surgery, presented with 10 days of colicky right iliac fossa pain and recurrent episodes of bilious vomiting. He initially reported diarrhoea but complained of eventual absolute constipation for last 5 days. Physical examination revealed distended abdomen with right-sided tenderness and no mass or faeces on rectal examination. Abdominal CT revealed a 3.5 cm calculus in the distal ileum causing obstruction initially flagged as gallstone ileus. No gallstones or pneumobilia were identified although some intrahepatic duct dilatation was noted. An emergency laparotomy was conducted, where the radiological findings were reinforced, and the calculus was extracted via enterotomy. There were no abnormal communications between gallbladder and intestinal tract. The small bowel traced from duodenojejunal flexure to terminal ileum did not reveal any further calculi or diverticula. FTIR spectrum analysis of the extracted specimen indicated similarities to enterolith. Retrospective analysis of radiological images revealed a possible duodenal diverticulum. The case highlights the diagnostic conundrum and therapeutic challenges of small bowel diverticular enterolith.

scholarly journals Incomplete Eradication of Persistent Infection May Impede Union: Our Experience in Treating Fracture Non-Unions with Allogenic MSC

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Hadisoebroto Dilogo ◽  
Alberto Lastiko Hanitya ◽  
Jeanne Adiwinata Pawitan ◽  
Isabella Kurnia Liem ◽  
Nyimas Diana Yulisa
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Sulphate ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Non Union ◽  
Translational Study ◽  
Radiological Images ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eradication Of Infection ◽  
Radiological Union

Abstract Introduction : Non-union remains a major clinical challenge for orthopaedic surgeons, as the treatments are associated with risks for complications, and sometimes multiple surgeries are required. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been found to aid in osteogenesis and fracture healing; however, the number of studies on MSC application for treating non-unions is still sparse. We present a translational study of 8 subjects treated with MSC implantation, along with those considered as standard treatments in treating non-unions. To our knowledge, this is the most extensive clinical study on the use of MSCs to treat fracture non-unions. Methods: We performed 20x10 6 units of MSC implantations derived from adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord on subjects diagnosed with fracture non-union of the long bone, along with internal fixation and hydroxyapatite-calcium sulphate (HA-CaSO 4 ) pellets. We excluded pathological fractures, subjects with immunological deficiencies (type II diabetes mellitus, and HIV/AIDS), and subjects with a history of immunosuppressive therapies. All subjects were assessed using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) or Lower Extremities Functional Scale (LEFS), and visual analog score (VAS). Serial radiological images were also assessed using Tiedeman and Lane-Sandhu scoring to determine union. Follow up assessments were performed every three months for at least 12 months or until clinical and radiological union was achieved. Results: Four (50%) out of eight subjects developed union in a median of five (3-12) months. There was a reduction of VAS, from a median of 1 (0-6) to 0 (0-4), and an increase in mean LEFS/DASH of 56.25 ± 10.71 to 65 ± 22.72. However, the infection was identified in 3 (37.5%) subjects. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was identified in two (25%) subjects, while one was infected with Escherichia coli . No other adverse events occurred during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Allogenic MSC implantation can be used as a potential and safe therapy for fracture non-union. However, the presence of infection may interfere with bone healing; thus, thorough eradication of infection must be ensured to achieve fracture union. Further clinical studies are required to investigate the safety and efficacy of allogeneic MSC implantation.

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