Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGSPATIAL International Workshop on Animal Movement Ecology and Human Mobility

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Movement ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
International Workshop ◽  
Movement Ecology

scholarly journals How Big Data Fast Tracked Human Mobility Research and the Lessons for Animal Movement Ecology

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Thums ◽  
Juan Fernández-Gracia ◽  
Ana M. M. Sequeira ◽  
Víctor M. Eguíluz ◽  
Carlos M. Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Movement Ecology

scholarly journals Coupling movement and landscape ecology for animal conservation in production landscapes

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1870) ◽  
pp. 20172272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim S. Doherty ◽  
Don A. Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Movement Ecology ◽  
Animal Conservation ◽  
Conventional Management ◽  
Habitat Conversion ◽  
Management Approaches

Habitat conversion in production landscapes is among the greatest threats to biodiversity, not least because it can disrupt animal movement. Using the movement ecology framework, we review animal movement in production landscapes, including areas managed for agriculture and forestry. We consider internal and external drivers of altered animal movement and how this affects navigation and motion capacities and population dynamics. Conventional management approaches in fragmented landscapes focus on promoting connectivity using structural changes in the landscape. However, a movement ecology perspective emphasizes that manipulating the internal motivations or navigation capacity of animals represents untapped opportunities to improve movement and the effectiveness of structural connectivity investments. Integrating movement and landscape ecology opens new opportunities for conservation management in production landscapes.

scholarly journals Emerging Perspectives on Resource Tracking and Animal Movement Ecology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briana Abrahms ◽  
Ellen O. Aikens ◽  
Jonathan B. Armstrong ◽  
William W. Deacy ◽  
Matthew J. Kauffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Movement ◽  
Movement Ecology ◽  
Resource Tracking

scholarly journals Behavioural valuation of landscapes using movement data

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1781) ◽  
pp. 20180046 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Wittemyer ◽  
Joseph M. Northrup ◽  
Guillaume Bastille-Rousseau
Keyword(s):  
Animal Movement ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Movement Ecology ◽  
Optimization Theory ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Animal Behaviour ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Wildlife tracking is one of the most frequently employed approaches to monitor and study wildlife populations. To date, the application of tracking data to applied objectives has focused largely on the intensity of use by an animal in a location or the type of habitat. While this has provided valuable insights and advanced spatial wildlife management, such interpretation of tracking data does not capture the complexity of spatio-temporal processes inherent to animal behaviour and represented in the movement path. Here, we discuss current and emerging approaches to estimate the behavioural value of spatial locations using movement data, focusing on the nexus of conservation behaviour and movement ecology that can amplify the application of animal tracking research to contemporary conservation challenges. We highlight the importance of applying behavioural ecological approaches to the analysis of tracking data and discuss the utility of comparative approaches, optimization theory and economic valuation to gain understanding of movement strategies and gauge population-level processes. First, we discuss innovations in the most fundamental movement-based valuation of landscapes, the intensity of use of a location, namely dissecting temporal dynamics in and means by which to weight the intensity of use. We then expand our discussion to three less common currencies for behavioural valuation of landscapes, namely the assessment of the functional (i.e. what an individual is doing at a location), structural (i.e. how a location relates to use of the broader landscape) and fitness (i.e. the return from using a location) value of a location. Strengthening the behavioural theoretical underpinnings of movement ecology research promises to provide a deeper, mechanistic understanding of animal movement that can lead to unprecedented insights into the interaction between landscapes and animal behaviour and advance the application of movement research to conservation challenges. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation’.

scholarly journals Is My Model Good Enough? Best Practices for Verification and Validation of Musculoskeletal Models and Simulations of Movement

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Hicks ◽  
Thomas K. Uchida ◽  
Ajay Seth ◽  
Apoorva Rajagopal ◽  
Scott L. Delp
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Software Verification ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Verification And Validation ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
General Process

Computational modeling and simulation of neuromusculoskeletal (NMS) systems enables researchers and clinicians to study the complex dynamics underlying human and animal movement. NMS models use equations derived from physical laws and biology to help solve challenging real-world problems, from designing prosthetics that maximize running speed to developing exoskeletal devices that enable walking after a stroke. NMS modeling and simulation has proliferated in the biomechanics research community over the past 25 years, but the lack of verification and validation standards remains a major barrier to wider adoption and impact. The goal of this paper is to establish practical guidelines for verification and validation of NMS models and simulations that researchers, clinicians, reviewers, and others can adopt to evaluate the accuracy and credibility of modeling studies. In particular, we review a general process for verification and validation applied to NMS models and simulations, including careful formulation of a research question and methods, traditional verification and validation steps, and documentation and sharing of results for use and testing by other researchers. Modeling the NMS system and simulating its motion involves methods to represent neural control, musculoskeletal geometry, muscle–tendon dynamics, contact forces, and multibody dynamics. For each of these components, we review modeling choices and software verification guidelines; discuss variability, errors, uncertainty, and sensitivity relationships; and provide recommendations for verification and validation by comparing experimental data and testing robustness. We present a series of case studies to illustrate key principles. In closing, we discuss challenges the community must overcome to ensure that modeling and simulation are successfully used to solve the broad spectrum of problems that limit human mobility.

scholarly journals Animal movement analysis through residence in space and time

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh G Torres ◽  
Rachael A. Orben ◽  
Irina Tolkova ◽  
David R Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Animal Movement ◽  
Search Time ◽  
Movement Ecology ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
The Individual

Identification and classification of behavior states in animal movement data can be complex, temporally biased, time-intensive, scale-dependent, and unstandardized across studies and taxa. Large movement datasets are increasingly common and there is a need for efficient methods of data exploration that adjust to the individual variability of each track. We present the Residence in Space and Time (RST) method to classify behavior patterns in movement data based on the concept that behavior states can be partitioned by the amount of space and time occupied in an area of constant scale. Using normalized values of Residence Time and Residence Distance within a constant search radius, RST is able to differentiate behavior patterns that are distance-intensive (e.g., area restricted search), time-intensive (e.g., rest), and transit (short time and distance). We use grey-headed albatross (Thalassarche chrysostoma) GPS tracks to demonstrate RST’s ability to classify behavior patterns and adjust to the inherent scale and individuality of each track. Next, we evaluate RST’s ability to discriminate between behavior states relative to other classical movement metrics. We then sub-sample albatross track data to illustrate RST’s response to less temporally resolved data. Finally, we evaluate RST’s performance using datasets from four taxa with diverse ecology, functional scales, ecosystems, and data-types. We conclude that RST is a robust, rapid, and flexible method for detailed exploratory analysis and meta-analyses of behavioral states in animal movement data based on its ability to integrate distance and time measurements into one descriptive metric of behavior groupings. Given the increasing amount of animal movement data collected, it is timely and useful to implement a consistent metric of behavior classification to enable efficient and comparative analyses. Overall, the application of RST to objectively explore and compare behavior patterns in movement data can enhance our fine- and broad- scale understanding of animal movement ecology.

scholarly journals Accounting for animal movement improves vaccination strategies against wildlife disease in heterogeneous landscapes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine M McClure ◽  
Guillaume Bastille-Rousseau ◽  
Amy J Davis ◽  
Carolyn A Stengel ◽  
Kathleen Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Movement Ecology ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Preferred Habitat ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Oral Rabies Vaccine ◽  
Better Than

Oral baiting is used to deliver vaccines to wildlife to prevent, control, and eliminate infectious diseases. A central challenge is how to spatially distribute baits to maximize encounters by target animal populations, particularly in urban and suburban areas where wildlife like raccoons (Procyon lotor) are abundant and baits are delivered along roads. Methods from movement ecology that quantify movement and habitat selection could help to optimize baiting strategies by more effectively targeting wildlife populations across space. We developed a spatially explicit, individual-based model of raccoon movement and oral rabies vaccine seroconversion to examine whether and when baiting strategies that match raccoon movement patterns perform better than currently employed baiting strategies in an oral rabies vaccination zone in greater Burlington, Vermont, USA. Habitat selection patterns estimated from locally radio-collared raccoons were used to parameterize movement simulations. We then used our simulations to estimate raccoon population rabies seroprevalence under currently used baiting strategies (actual baiting) relative to habitat selection-based baiting strategies (habitat baiting). We conducted simulations on the Burlington landscape and artificial landscapes that varied in heterogeneity relative to Burlington in the proportion and patch size of preferred habitats. We found that the benefits of habitat baiting strongly depended on the magnitude and variability of raccoon habitat selection and the degree of landscape heterogeneity within the baiting area. Habitat baiting improved seroprevalence over actual baiting for raccoons characterized as habitat specialists but not for raccoons that displayed weak habitat selection similar to radio-collared individuals - except when baits were delivered off roads where preferred habitat coverage and complexity was more pronounced. In contrast, in artificial landscapes with either more strongly juxtaposed favored habitats and/or higher proportions of favored habitats, habitat baiting performed better than actual baiting, even when raccoons displayed weak habitat preferences and where baiting was constrained to roads. Our results suggest that habitat selection-based baiting could increase raccoon population seroprevalence in urban-suburban areas, where practical, given the heterogeneity and availability of preferred habitat types in those areas. Our novel simulation approach provides a flexible framework to test alternative baiting strategies in multiclass landscapes to optimize bait distribution strategies.

scholarly journals Circles within spirals, wheels within wheels; Body rotation facilitates critical insights into animal behavioural ecology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Richard M. Gunner
Keyword(s):  
Resource Selection ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Movement Ecology ◽  
Dead Reckoning ◽  
Space Use ◽  
Behavioural Ecology ◽  
Motion Sensors ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Model Species

How animals behave is fundamental to enhancing their lifetime fitness, so defining how animals move in space and time relates to many ecological questions, including resource selection, activity budgets and animal movement networks. Historically, animal behaviour and movement has been defined by direct observation, however recent advancements in biotelemetry have revolutionised how we now assess behaviour, particularly allowing animals to be monitored when they cannot be seen. Studies now pair ‘convectional’ radio telemetries with motion sensors to facilitate more detailed investigations of animal space-use. Motion sensitive tags (containing e.g., accelerometers and magnetometers) provide precise data on body movements which characterise behaviour, and this has been exemplified in extensive studies using accelerometery data, which has been linked to space-use defined by GPS. Conversely, consideration of body rotation (particularly change in yaw) is virtually absent within the biologging literature, even though various scales of yaw rotation can reveal important patterns in behaviour and movement, with animal heading being a fundamental component characterising space-use. This thesis explores animal body angles, particularly about the yaw axis, for elucidating animal movement ecology. I used five model species (a reptile, a mammal and three birds) to demonstrate the value of assessing body rotation for investigating fine-scale movement-specific behaviours. As part of this, I advanced the ‘dead-reckoning’ method, where fine-scale animal movement between temporally poorly resolved GPS fixes can be deduced using heading vectors and speed. I addressed many issues with this protocol, highlighting errors and potential solutions but was able to show how this approach leads to insights into many difficult-to-study animal behaviours. These ranged from elucidating how and where lions cross supposedly impermeable man-made barriers to examining how penguins react to tidal currents and then navigate their way to their nests far from the sea in colonies enclosed within thick vegetation.

scholarly journals Cross-species pathogen spillover across ecosystem boundaries: mechanisms and theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1782) ◽  
pp. 20180344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benny Borremans ◽  
Christina Faust ◽  
Kezia R. Manlove ◽  
Susanne H. Sokolow ◽  
James O. Lloyd-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Movement Ecology ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Boundary Region ◽  
Ecosystem Boundaries ◽  
Parasite Spillover ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Multiple Species

Pathogen spillover between different host species is the trigger for many infectious disease outbreaks and emergence events, and ecosystem boundary areas have been suggested as spatial hotspots of spillover. This hypothesis is largely based on suspected higher rates of zoonotic disease spillover and emergence in fragmented landscapes and other areas where humans live in close vicinity to wildlife. For example, Ebola virus outbreaks have been linked to contacts between humans and infected wildlife at the rural-forest border, and spillover of yellow fever via mosquito vectors happens at the interface between forest and human settlements. Because spillover involves complex interactions between multiple species and is difficult to observe directly, empirical studies are scarce, particularly those that quantify underlying mechanisms. In this review, we identify and explore potential ecological mechanisms affecting spillover of pathogens (and parasites in general) at ecosystem boundaries. We borrow the concept of ‘permeability’ from animal movement ecology as a measure of the likelihood that hosts and parasites are present in an ecosystem boundary region. We then discuss how different mechanisms operating at the levels of organisms and ecosystems might affect permeability and spillover. This review is a step towards developing a general theory of cross-species parasite spillover across ecosystem boundaries with the eventual aim of improving predictions of spillover risk in heterogeneous landscapes. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover’.

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