scholarly journals Grid-based Genetic Operators for Graphical Layout Generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (EICS) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Morteza Shiripour ◽  
Niraj Ramesh Dayama ◽  
Antti Oulasvirta
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Genetic Operators ◽  
Computing Systems ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Nonlinear Design ◽  
Layout Generation ◽  
Grid Based ◽  
Manual Activity

Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) have gained primacy among the means of interacting with computing systems, thanks to the way they leverage human perceptual and motor capabilities. However, the design of GUIs has mostly been a manual activity. To design a GUI, the designer must select its visual, spatial, textual, and interaction properties such that the combination strikes a balance among the relevant human factors. While emerging computational-design techniques have addressed some problems related to grid layouts, no general approach has been proposed that can also produce good and complete results covering color-related decisions and other nonlinear design objectives. Evolutionary algorithms are promising and demonstrate good handling of similar problems in other conditions, genetic operators, depending on how they are designed. But even these approaches struggle with elements' overlap and hence produce too many infeasible candidate solutions. This paper presents a new approach based on grid-based genetic operators demonstrated in a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-III) setting. The operators use grid lines for element positions in a novel manner to satisfy overlap-related constraints and intrinsically improve the alignment of elements. This approach can be used for crossovers and mutations. Its core benefit is that all the solutions generated satisfy the no-overlap requirement and represent well-formed layouts. The new operators permit using genetic algorithms for increasingly realistic task instances, responding to more design objectives than could be considered before. Specifically, we address grid quality, alignment, selection time, clutter minimization, saliency control, color harmony, and grouping of elements.

LAYGO: A Template-and-Grid-Based Layout Generation Engine for Advanced CMOS Technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jaeduk Han ◽  
Woorham Bae ◽  
Eric Chang ◽  
Zhongkai Wang ◽  
Borivoje Nikolic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layout Generation ◽  
Grid Based

Grid-based switch fabrics: a new approach in designing fault-tolerant ATM switches

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 1589-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Laskaridis ◽  
A.A. Veglis ◽  
G.I. Papadimitriou ◽  
A.S. Pombortsis
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Switch Fabrics ◽  
Atm Switches ◽  
Grid Based

Hydrological modelling and anthropogenic water use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponnambalam Rameshwaran ◽  
Ali Rudd ◽  
Vicky Bell ◽  
Matt Brown ◽  
Helen Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
River Flows ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grid Based

<p>Despite Britain’s often-rainy maritime climate, anthropogenic water demands have a significant impact on river flows, particularly during dry summers. In future years, projected population growth and climate change are likely to increase the demand for water and lead to greater pressures on available freshwater resources.</p><p>Across England, abstraction (from groundwater, surface water or tidal sources) and discharge data along with ‘Hands off Flow’ conditions are available for thousands of individual locations; each with a licence for use, an amount, an indication of when abstraction can take place, and the actual amount of water abstracted (generally less than the licence amount). Here we demonstrate how these data can be used in combination to incorporate anthropogenic artificial influences into a grid-based hydrological model. Model simulations of both high and low river flows are generally improved when abstractions and discharges are included, though for some catchments model performance decreases. The new approach provides a methodological baseline for further work investigating the impact of anthropogenic water use and projected climate change on future river flows.</p>

The Paleolithic Stone Age Effect? Gender Differences Performing Specific Computer-Generated Spatial Tasks

2008 ◽  
pp. 3578-3601
Author(s):  
Geoffrey S. Hubona ◽  
Gregory W. Shirah
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Motion Cues ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Spatial Tasks ◽  
Object Shapes ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Male Subjects

Most computer applications feature visual user interfaces that assume that all users have equivalent propensities to perceive, interpret, and understand the multidimensional spatial properties and relationships of the objects presented. However, the hunter-gatherer theory (Silverman & Eals, 1992) suggests that there are modern-day differences between the genders in spatial and cognitive abilities that stem from differentiated prehistoric sex roles. If true, there may be discrepancies in how males and females differentially utilize particular spatial visual cues and interface features. We report three experiments in which participants engage in visual spatial tasks using 2D and 3D virtual worlds: (1) matching object shapes; (2) positioning objects; and (3) resizing objects. Female subjects under-perform male subjects in the matching and positioning experiments, but they outperform male subjects in the resizing experiment. Moreover, male subjects make more use of motion cues. Implications for the design of gender-effective user interfaces and virtual environments are considered.

scholarly journals A Framework for the Development of Context-Adaptable User Interfaces for Ubiquitous Computing Systems

Sensors ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gervasio Varela ◽  
Alejandro Paz-Lopez ◽  
Jose Becerra ◽  
Richard Duro
Keyword(s):  
Ubiquitous Computing ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Computing Systems

Harmonic Detection in Micro-Grid Based on Modified S-Transform

2014 ◽  
Vol 568-570 ◽  
pp. 270-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan Qi Liu ◽  
Li Na Wu
Keyword(s):  
Harmonic Signal ◽  
Frequency Resolution ◽  
Harmonic Detection ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Feature Vectors ◽  
S Transform ◽  
Attractive Candidate ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Grid Based

The excellent time–frequency resolution of the modified S-transform (MST) makes it an attractive candidate for analysis and detection of harmonic in micro-grid. This paper presents a new approach for micro-grid harmonic detection based on the MST. Firstly, the MST was performed for the harmonic signal, and then the feature vectors were extracted from the resulting time-frequency matrix. Finally, the frequency, amplitude and phase of the harmonic were obtained by analyzing and processing these feature vectors. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can detect the harmonic in micro-grid with high accuracy and strong noise immunity.

Externalized Design

2011 ◽  
pp. 64-84
Author(s):  
Anders I. Mørch
Keyword(s):  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Interactive Systems ◽  
Computer Supported Collaborative Learning ◽  
New Approach ◽  
American Pragmatism ◽  
Reflection In Action

In this chapter, the author presents a conceptual framework for early-stage interaction design (EDOS) together with a method for embedding conceptual artifacts in user interfaces. The notion of ‘externalized design’ from postmodern architecture is used as an analogy for how to incorporate conceptual artifacts like social ideas in user interfaces. This is proposed as a new approach to theory-based design in human-computer interaction (HCI) and computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL). The framework is applied to the retrospective analysis of two interactive systems the author has been involved in designing over a number of years. These systems were stimulated by two concepts associated with American pragmatism (generalized other, reflection-in-action). A multistage process for expressing the concepts in user interfaces is presented. The chapter ends by discussing the strengths and limitations of the EDOS framework, comparing it with related work, and suggesting directions for further work.

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