A Measurement Study of Wechat Mini-Apps

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Bayan Turkistani ◽  
Allen Yuqing Yang ◽  
Chaoshun Zuo ◽  
Zhiqiang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Computing ◽  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Open Source ◽  
End Users ◽  
Measurement Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Computing Paradigm ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Api Usage ◽  
Google Play

A new mobile computing paradigm, dubbed mini-app, has been growing rapidly over the past few years since being introduced by WeChat in 2017. In this paradigm, a host app allows its end-users to install and run mini-apps inside itself, enabling the host app to build an ecosystem around (much like Google Play and Apple AppStore), enrich the host's functionalities, and offer mobile users elevated convenience without leaving the host app. It has been reported that there are over millions of mini-apps in WeChat. However, little information is known about these mini-apps at an aggregated level. In this paper, we present MiniCrawler, the first scalable and open source WeChat mini-app crawler that has indexed over 1,333,308 mini-apps. It leverages a number of reverse engineering techniques to uncover the interfaces and APIs in WeChat for crawling the mini-apps. With the crawled mini-apps, we then measure their resource consumption, API usage, library usage, obfuscation rate, app categorization, and app ratings at an aggregated level. The details of how we develop MiniCrawler and our measurement results are reported in this paper.

scholarly journals Correction of Eddy Covariance Based Crop ET Considering the Heat Flux Source Area

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Stuart L. Joy ◽  
José L. Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
The Past ◽  
Measurement Results

Eddy covariance (EC) systems are being used to measure sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE) fluxes in order to determine crop water use or evapotranspiration (ET). The reliability of EC measurements depends on meeting certain meteorological assumptions; the most important of such are horizontal homogeneity, stationarity, and non-advective conditions. Over heterogeneous surfaces, the spatial context of the measurement must be known in order to properly interpret the magnitude of the heat flux measurement results. Over the past decades, there has been a proliferation of ‘heat flux source area’ (i.e., footprint) modeling studies, but only a few have explored the accuracy of the models over heterogeneous agricultural land. A composite ET estimate was created by using the estimated footprint weights for an EC system in the upwind corner of four fields and separate ET estimates from each of these fields. Three analytical footprint models were evaluated by comparing the composite ET to the measured ET. All three models performed consistently well, with an average mean bias error (MBE) of about −0.03 mm h−1 (−4.4%) and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.09 mm h−1 (10.9%). The same three footprint models were then used to adjust the EC-measured ET to account for the fraction of the footprint that extended beyond the field of interest. The effectiveness of the footprint adjustment was determined by comparing the adjusted ET estimates with the lysimetric ET measurements from within the same field. This correction decreased the absolute hourly ET MBE by 8%, and the RMSE by 1%.

Augmenting Tools for Reverse Engineering Methods

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Snider ◽  
Sudhakar Teegavarapu ◽  
D. Scott Hesser ◽  
Joshua D. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Black Box ◽  
House Of Quality ◽  
Engineering Process ◽  
Design Efficiency ◽  
Design For Manufacture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
A Company

Reverse engineering has gained importance over the past few years due to an intense competitive market aiding in the survivability of a company. This paper examines the reverse engineering process and what, how, and why it can assist in making a better design. Two well known reverse engineering methodologies are explored, the first by Otto and Wood and the second by Ingle. Each methodology is compared and contrasted according to the protocols and tools used. Among some of the reverse engineering tools detailed and illustrated are: Black box, Fishbone, Function Structure, Bill of Material, Exploded CAD models, Morphological Matrix, Subtract and Operate Procedure (SOP), House of Quality matrix, and FMEA. Even though both methodologies have highly valued tools, some of the areas in reverse engineering need additional robust tooling. This paper presents new and expanded tooling to augment the existing methods in hopes of furthering the understanding of the product, and process. Tools like Reverse Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (RFMEA), Connectivity graphs, and inter-relation matrix increase the design efficiency, quality, and the understanding of the reverse engineering process. These tools have been employed in two industry projects and one demonstrative purpose for a Design for Manufacture Class. In both of these scenarios, industry and academic, the users found that the augmented tools were useful in capturing and revealing information not previously realized.

Fast Transaction-Level Model for Direct Memory Access Controller

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950059
Author(s):  
Mona Safar ◽  
Magdy A. El-Moursy ◽  
Ahmed Tarek ◽  
Ahmed Emad ◽  
Ahmed Hesham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Direct Memory Access ◽  
System Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Simulation Speed ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Data Bus ◽  
Transaction Level ◽  
Simulation Time

Transaction-Level Modeling (TLM) has been widely used in system-level design in the past few years. Simulation speed of Virtual Platforms (VPs) depends mainly on the transactions which are initiated by the Programmer’s View (PV) models of the VP devices. PV models are required to run at highest simulation speed. Data bus width as a hardware (HW) parameter should not reduce simulation speed of the modeled transactions. Furthermore, HW-related parameters should only be accounted for when considering timing of the models. A fast SystemC-TLM model is developed for the widely used ARM PrimeCell PL080 DMAC IP. The performance of the proposed model is validated against a developed RTL model for the same device. The effect of the transactions granularity on simulation speed is determined. Different programmed transfers are simulated and compared with open-source Quick Emulator (QEMU)-based models. The developed model is compared with the developed RTL, the open-source QEMU model, and the existing ARM Fast Model (AFM). It is shown that simulation time of the developed model is reduced by two orders of magnitude as compared to the other existing models.

scholarly journals The Popgen Pipeline Platform: A Software Platform for Facilitating Population Genomic Analyses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Webb ◽  
Jared Knoblauch ◽  
Nitesh Sabankar ◽  
Apeksha Sukesh Kallur ◽  
Jody Hey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Development Time ◽  
End Users ◽  
File Format ◽  
Software Platform ◽  
Format Conversion ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Population Genomic ◽  
Genomic Analyses ◽  
File Format Conversion

AbstractHere we present the Pop-Gen Pipeline Platform (PPP), a software platform with the goal of reducing the computational expertise required for conducting population genomic analyses. The PPP was designed as a collection of scripts that facilitate common population genomic workflows in a consistent and standardized Python environment. Functions were developed to encompass entire workflows, including: input preparation, file format conversion, various population genomic analyses, output generation, and visualization. By facilitating entire workflows, the PPP offers several benefits to prospective end users - it reduces the need of redundant in-house software and scripts that would require development time and may be error-prone, or incorrect. The platform has also been developed with reproducibility and extensibility of analyses in mind. The PPP is an open-source package that is available for download and use at https://ppp.readthedocs.io/en/latest/PPP_pages/install.html

scholarly journals A Multi-Perspective Theoretical Analysis to Web Accessibility

2017 ◽  
pp. 117-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Peixoto ◽  
Frederico Branco ◽  
José Martins ◽  
Ramiro Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Web Accessibility ◽  
End Users ◽  
The Past ◽  
Software Companies ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Work Done

Accessibility has become increasingly important in information technology, particularly due to legislation pressure to make affordable public services to all. Being end-users and software companies those who have direct contact with accessibility problems, other stakeholders are committed to defining methods and change mentalities in Web accessibility implementation. In addition to a conceptual definition, this chapter presents entities views with responsibilities in the area, taking into account their work done in the past and the prospects for future. The understanding of the interaction between all these perspectives will help to realize the way it will go, which carries with it great challenges and opportunities, widely explored in this work.

scholarly journals QQuake, a QGIS Plugin for Loading Seismological Data From Web Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Locati ◽  
Roberto Vallone ◽  
Matteo Ghetta ◽  
Nyall Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Source Code ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Data Formats ◽  
Seismological Data ◽  
Open Geospatial Consortium ◽  
Multiple Levels

An increasing number of web services providing convenient access to seismological data have become available in recent years. A huge effort at multiple levels was required to achieve this goal and the seismological community was engaged in the standardization of both data formats and web services. Although access to seismological data is much easier than in the past, users encounter problems because of the large number of web services, and due to the complexity of the discipline-specific data encodings. In addition, instead of adopting cross-disciplinary standards such as those by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), most seismological web services created their own standards, primarily those by the International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks (FDSN). This article introduces “QQuake,” a plugin for QGIS—the Open Source Geographic Information System—that aims at making access to seismological data easier. The plugin is based on an Open Source code available on GitHub, and it is designed in a modular and customizable way, allowing users to easily include new web services.

Evaluation of Slip Resistance of Safety Footwear Using Novel Equipment

2014 ◽  
Vol 627 ◽  
pp. 461-464
Author(s):  
C.H. Bang ◽  
Tae Gu Kim ◽  
J.S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
The Past ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Slip Resistance ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Korean Market ◽  
Design Factors

There are several causes of slip and fall accidents, such as floor and outsole surface characteristics, contaminants, environmental and human factors, and cognition. In relation to controllable causes, floor and outsole surface characteristics have been frequently investigated over the past decades. The characteristics of safety footwear outsoles, such as roughness, hardness, and tread pattern, tend to differ from those of casual shoes on the Korean market. The aim of this study is to investigate the slip resistance of safety footwear on the Korean market and determine the major design factors to improve the slip resistance. All friction tests were performed using the Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency’s newly developed testing machine. Twenty-eight safety shoes were used in this experiment, and all friction tests were conducted under three different contamination conditions, namely water, detergent, and glycerol. The friction measurement results show that the hardness, material, and patterns of outsoles had a major effect on the slip resistance, but the effects were not statistically significant for some safety footwear. In general, safety footwear that had a number of small extruded blocks shows good slip resistance. Safety footwear patterns that have many small raised blocks on the heel have a higher friction coefficient than the others. A lower outsole hardness also gives a higher coefficient of friction.

Open source hardware for counting and measuring raindrops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick van de Giesen ◽  
Rolf Hut ◽  
Dirk van der Lubbe - Sanjuan
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Operational Amplifier ◽  
Digital Converter ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Piezoelectric Elements ◽  
Analogue To Digital ◽  
Open Source Hardware

<p>Over the past years, simple acoustic drop detectors have been developed for different objectives. The core of these detectors were standard piezoelectric elements. For some applications, such as simply counting drops, not much signal processing is needed. For other applications, however, such as measurement of drop energy, which would allow for estimation of drop sizes as well, careful signal processing is needed. For this purpose, we have developed a shield, or “Wing” that can be plugged into an Adafruit Feather (https://www.adafruit.com/feather), which we call DisdroWing. This board includes a high-end operational amplifier and a fast analogue to digital converter. With this board, the user can experiment and implement specific applications, such as rain/no rain detection, hail detection, or drop energy. The design of the DisdroWing is publicly available and can also be purchased fully assembled.</p>

Open Source in the Cloud

2014 ◽  
pp. 179-191
Author(s):  
Egbert de Smet
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Distributed Storage ◽  
End Users ◽  
The Future ◽  
Cloud Providers ◽  
Open Standards ◽  
Living Environments ◽  
Crucial Part ◽  
Opening Up

Whereas “Open Source” in software is still gaining momentum in many fields of applications, it is even more present in the “behind the curtains” scene of the Cloud. It is behind the scenes because Cloud tools are only operated by Cloud providers creating their infrastructure, not by end users. But as that infrastructure is going to be a crucial part of the IT environment of the future, like water and power supply have become for the wider living environments, it is good to note that this infrastructure is not limited to (commercial) proprietary technology and standards, but rather is subject to input from the major Open Source players. This chapter reviews the main technologies of this moment in Cloud software: CloudStack of Citrix and Apache, OpenStack of Suse and Openshift from RedHat. Also the CEPH-technology for distributed storage is added in this overview due to its obvious relevance for the Cloud. The brief review of these products confirms that FOSS indeed plays a major role in the Cloud, opening up that technology for open standards and “public” ownership of this soon-to-be an essential part of our IT environment.

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