scholarly journals EMBody: A Data-Centric Toolkit for EMG-Based Interface Prototyping and Experimentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (EICS) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Jakob Karolus ◽  
Francisco Kiss ◽  
Caroline Eckerth ◽  
Nicolas Viot ◽  
Felix Bachmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Points ◽  
High Degree

Body movements, from a short smile to a marathon run, are driven by muscle activity. Despite the fact that measuring muscle activity with electromyography (EMG) is technically well established, it is highly complex and its use in interfaces has been limited. Easy access to muscle sensing can offer new opportunities to Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research. Off-the-shelf sensors often only provide low-level access, hence requiring expertise in signal processing and widening the gulf of execution for users without engineering skills. To address this challenge, we introduce EMBody, a data-centric toolkit for EMG-based interface prototyping and experimentation. EMBody offers multiple levels of prototyping fidelity for EMG sensing, signal processing, and data interpretation. Our data-centric toolkit encapsulates the different data representation stages, offering a wide range of customization opportunities to experts while also allowing non-technical designers to focus on creating new interaction techniques. EMBody features a lightweight form factor and wireless connectivity. Additionally, the system leverages an exploration-centered workflow by allowing rapid access to measurement data via the accompanying software. Users define a set of motions to be recognized and interactively provide example data points. The toolkit then handles signal processing and classification. The recognized movements are streamed on the local network, ready to be used by interactive applications. This paper reports on how to use EMBody and its implementation. We iteratively developed the toolkit in a series of workshops and example applications. Users who had none or very limited knowledge of EMG could rapidly create engaging functional prototypes, while experts appreciated the modularity of the software component allowing for a high degree of customization. We contribute the software and hardware components of EMBody as a tool for the research community to stimulate creative exploration of EMG systems.

scholarly journals The Appraisal of Commitment in Organizational Environments- Differentiating Organizational Commitment from Employee Satisfaction

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Radu Florea
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Change Management ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
General Level ◽  
Organizational Environments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Degree

In order to acquire (and maintain) a high degree of commitment of a company’s staff certain conditions must be met both general – that are valid for most organizations focused on profit - and specific - depending on the particularities of each company. Commitment is very relevant in calibrating the business strategy of companies in order to develop employees but also as a central objective for change management. At a general level, building commitment is conditioned on communication with employees on effective leadership, a high degree of satisfaction and a low degree of resistance to change. Change management theorists suggest that any kind of change - both planned and critical incident related- will have negative implications on organizational commitment. Becker considers communication as one of the main factors that affect commitment, important in the growth and continuation. Communication also has implications for organizational culture calibration, transmission of messages via multiple channels and is affected by several factors including commitment (Keyton, 2010). The main difference between commitment and satisfaction is strongly related to the emotional and affective study dimensions of Meyer and Allen’s model on commitment (Keyton, 2010); although satisfaction can generate certain reactions from employees, it has a wide range of meanings from which results can be reported. Commitment may have different affective values because of the implications that it generates and because of their complexity. Accuracy is the most important feature as it helps in measuring commitment and maintaining a high degree of objectivity in data interpretation. Measuring attitudes in social sciences is a subject often problematic because the instruments used do not meet the criteria of validity - do not measure what needs to be measured. Therefore, the measurements may be inaccurate without the use of an appropriate methodology for identifying the exact coefficients of the survey indicators.

scholarly journals The Appraisal of Commitment in Organizational Environments- Differentiating Organizational Commitment from Employee Satisfaction

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Radu Florea
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Change Management ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
General Level ◽  
Organizational Environments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Degree

In order to acquire (and maintain) a high degree of commitment of a company’s staff certain conditions must be met both general – that are valid for most organizations focused on profit - and specific - depending on the particularities of each company. Commitment is very relevant in calibrating the business strategy of companies in order to develop employees but also as a central objective for change management. At a general level, building commitment is conditioned on communication with employees on effective leadership, a high degree of satisfaction and a low degree of resistance to change. Change management theorists suggest that any kind of change - both planned and critical incident related- will have negative implications on organizational commitment. Becker considers communication as one of the main factors that affect commitment, important in the growth and continuation. Communication also has implications for organizational culture calibration, transmission of messages via multiple channels and is affected by several factors including commitment (Keyton, 2010). The main difference between commitment and satisfaction is strongly related to the emotional and affective study dimensions of Meyer and Allen’s model on commitment (Keyton, 2010); although satisfaction can generate certain reactions from employees, it has a wide range of meanings from which results can be reported. Commitment may have different affective values because of the implications that it generates and because of their complexity. Accuracy is the most important feature as it helps in measuring commitment and maintaining a high degree of objectivity in data interpretation. Measuring attitudes in social sciences is a subject often problematic because the instruments used do not meet the criteria of validity - do not measure what needs to be measured. Therefore, the measurements may be inaccurate without the use of an appropriate methodology for identifying the exact coefficients of the survey indicators.

scholarly journals The Appraisal of Commitment in Organizational Environments- Differentiating Organizational Commitment from Employee Satisfaction

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Radu Florea
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Change Management ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
General Level ◽  
Organizational Environments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Degree

In order to acquire (and maintain) a high degree of commitment of a company’s staff certain conditions must be met both general – that are valid for most organizations focused on profit - and specific - depending on the particularities of each company. Commitment is very relevant in calibrating the business strategy of companies in order to develop employees but also as a central objective for change management. At a general level, building commitment is conditioned on communication with employees on effective leadership, a high degree of satisfaction and a low degree of resistance to change. Change management theorists suggest that any kind of change - both planned and critical incident related- will have negative implications on organizational commitment. Becker considers communication as one of the main factors that affect commitment, important in the growth and continuation. Communication also has implications for organizational culture calibration, transmission of messages via multiple channels and is affected by several factors including commitment (Keyton, 2010). The main difference between commitment and satisfaction is strongly related to the emotional and affective study dimensions of Meyer and Allen’s model on commitment (Keyton, 2010); although satisfaction can generate certain reactions from employees, it has a wide range of meanings from which results can be reported. Commitment may have different affective values because of the implications that it generates and because of their complexity. Accuracy is the most important feature as it helps in measuring commitment and maintaining a high degree of objectivity in data interpretation. Measuring attitudes in social sciences is a subject often problematic because the instruments used do not meet the criteria of validity - do not measure what needs to be measured. Therefore, the measurements may be inaccurate without the use of an appropriate methodology for identifying the exact coefficients of the survey indicators.

The Driving Severity Number (DSN) — A Step Toward Quantifying Treadwear Test Conditions

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Veith
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Lateral Acceleration ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Single Index ◽  
Tire Force ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Wheel Revolution ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Revolution Counter

Abstract A system, called the “Driving Severity Monitor” (DSM), has been developed for characterizing tire force distribution as related to treadwear in either normal tire use or in tire fleet testing in a convoy. The system consists of an accelerometer for monitoring lateral accelerations, a wheel revolution counter, and a module for signal processing and read-out. The output of the DSM is reduced to a single index, the Driving Severity Number (DSN), which characterizes a vehicle journey. The DSN is equal to the sum of squares of lateral acceleration measured once per tire revolution during a trip, divided by the number of wheel revolutions. The DSN had a high degree of correlation (R ≧ 0.95) with treadwear in two wear programs when pavement abrasiveness was held constant. This supports the concept that the three basic treadwear components: tire force distribution, pavement abrasiveness, and ambient temperature, can be separated for better understanding of tire treadwear.

Understanding Conformational Entropy in Small Molecules

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Chan ◽  
Garrett Morris ◽  
Geoffrey Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Standard Entropy ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Conformational Entropy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Empirical Corrections

The calculation of the entropy of flexible molecules can be challenging, since the number of possible conformers grows exponentially with molecule size and many low-energy conformers may be thermally accessible. Different methods have been proposed to approximate the contribution of conformational entropy to the molecular standard entropy, including performing thermochemistry calculations with all possible stable conformations, and developing empirical corrections from experimental data. We have performed conformer sampling on over 120,000 small molecules generating some 12 million conformers, to develop models to predict conformational entropy across a wide range of molecules. Using insight into the nature of conformational disorder, our cross-validated physically-motivated statistical model can outperform common machine learning and deep learning methods, with a mean absolute error ≈4.8 J/mol•K, or under 0.4 kcal/mol at 300 K. Beyond predicting molecular entropies and free energies, the model implies a high degree of correlation between torsions in most molecules, often as- sumed to be independent. While individual dihedral rotations may have low energetic barriers, the shape and chemical functionality of most molecules necessarily correlate their torsional degrees of freedom, and hence restrict the number of low-energy conformations immensely. Our simple models capture these correlations, and advance our understanding of small molecule conformational entropy.

Cerebellotrigeminal Dermal Dysplasia (Gómez-López-Hernández Syndrome)

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (05) ◽  
pp. 362-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Sullo ◽  
Agata Polizzi ◽  
Stefano Catanzaro ◽  
Selene Mantegna ◽  
Francesco Lacarrubba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Visual Problems ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities ◽  
Clinical Triad ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Motor Handicap

Cerebellotrigeminal dermal (CTD) dysplasia is a rare neurocutaneous disorder characterized by a triad of symptoms: bilateral parieto-occipital alopecia, facial anesthesia in the trigeminal area, and rhombencephalosynapsis (RES), confirmed by cranial magnetic resonance imaging. CTD dysplasia is also known as Gómez-López-Hernández syndrome. So far, only 35 cases have been described with varying symptomatology. The etiology remains unknown. Either spontaneous dominant mutations or de novo chromosomal rearrangements have been proposed as possible explanations. In addition to its clinical triad of RES, parietal alopecia, and trigeminal anesthesia, CTD dysplasia is associated with a wide range of phenotypic and neurodevelopmental abnormalities.Treatment is symptomatic and includes physical rehabilitation, special education, dental care, and ocular protection against self-induced corneal trauma that causes ulcers and, later, corneal opacification. The prognosis is correlated to the mental development, motor handicap, corneal–facial anesthesia, and visual problems. Follow-up on a large number of patients with CTD dysplasia has never been reported and experience is limited to few cases to date. High degree of suspicion in a child presenting with characteristic alopecia and RES has a great importance in diagnosis of this syndrome.

scholarly journals Controlling Teleportation-Based Locomotion in Virtual Reality with Hand Gestures: A Comparative Evaluation of Two-Handed and One-Handed Techniques

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 715
Author(s):  
Alexander Schäfer ◽  
Gerd Reis ◽  
Didier Stricker
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Interaction Techniques ◽  
Hand Gestures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Additional Hardware ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Virtual Reality (VR) technology offers users the possibility to immerse and freely navigate through virtual worlds. An important component for achieving a high degree of immersion in VR is locomotion. Often discussed in the literature, a natural and effective way of controlling locomotion is still a general problem which needs to be solved. Recently, VR headset manufacturers have been integrating more sensors, allowing hand or eye tracking without any additional required equipment. This enables a wide range of application scenarios with natural freehand interaction techniques where no additional hardware is required. This paper focuses on techniques to control teleportation-based locomotion with hand gestures, where users are able to move around in VR using their hands only. With the help of a comprehensive study involving 21 participants, four different techniques are evaluated. The effectiveness and efficiency as well as user preferences of the presented techniques are determined. Two two-handed and two one-handed techniques are evaluated, revealing that it is possible to move comfortable and effectively through virtual worlds with a single hand only.

scholarly journals Modelling with star-shaped distributions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-69
Author(s):  
Eckhard Liebscher ◽  
Wolf-Dieter Richter
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Arbitrary Dimension ◽  
Probability Density Functions ◽  
Density Functions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gaussian Density ◽  
Spherical Distributions ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Non Gaussian ◽  
General Method

AbstractWe prove and describe in great detail a general method for constructing a wide range of multivariate probability density functions. We introduce probabilistic models for a large variety of clouds of multivariate data points. In the present paper, the focus is on star-shaped distributions of an arbitrary dimension, where in case of spherical distributions dependence is modeled by a non-Gaussian density generating function.

scholarly journals Pulsed Electromagnetic Cross-Well Exploration for Monitoring Permafrost and Examining the Processes of Its Geocryological Changes

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Glinskikh ◽  
Oleg Nechaev ◽  
Igor Mikhaylov ◽  
Kirill Danilovskiy ◽  
Vladimir Olenchenko
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vector Finite Element ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Pulsed Electromagnetic

This paper is dedicated to the topical problem of examining permafrost’s state and the processes of its geocryological changes by means of geophysical methods. To monitor the cryolithozone, we proposed and scientifically substantiated a new technique of pulsed electromagnetic cross-well sounding. Based on the vector finite-element method, we created a mathematical model of the cross-well sounding process with a pulsed source in a three-dimensional spatially heterogeneous medium. A high-performance parallel computing algorithm was developed and verified. Through realistic geoelectric models of permafrost with a talik under a highway, constructed following the results of electrotomography field data interpretation, we numerically simulated the pulsed sounding on the computing resources of the Siberian Supercomputer Center of SB RAS. The simulation results suggest the proposed system of pulsed electromagnetic cross-well monitoring to be characterized by a high sensitivity to the presence and dimensions of the talik. The devised approach can be oriented to addressing a wide range of issues related to monitoring permafrost rocks under civil and industrial facilities, buildings, and constructions.

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