scholarly journals Learning Multimodal Affinities for Textual Editing in Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Or Perel ◽  
Oron Anschel ◽  
Omri Ben-Eliezer ◽  
Shai Mazor ◽  
Hadar Averbuch-Elor
Keyword(s):  
Document Image ◽  
Natural Images ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Document Images ◽  
Optimization Scheme ◽  
The Core ◽  
Textual Editing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Visual Style ◽  
Geometric Context

Nowadays, as cameras are rapidly adopted in our daily routine, images of documents are becoming both abundant and prevalent. Unlike natural images that capture physical objects, document-images contain a significant amount of text with critical semantics and complicated layouts. In this work, we devise a generic unsupervised technique to learn multimodal affinities between textual entities in a document-image, considering their visual style, the content of their underlying text, and their geometric context within the image. We then use these learned affinities to automatically cluster the textual entities in the image into different semantic groups. The core of our approach is a deep optimization scheme dedicated for an image provided by the user that detects and leverages reliable pairwise connections in the multimodal representation of the textual elements to properly learn the affinities. We show that our technique can operate on highly varying images spanning a wide range of documents and demonstrate its applicability for various editing operations manipulating the content, appearance, and geometry of the image.

Duoethnography: A Polytheoretical Approach to (Re)Storing, (Re)Storying the Meanings That One Gives

2020 ◽  
pp. 396-423
Author(s):  
John Joseph Norris ◽  
Richard D. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Critical Theory ◽  
Third Space ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Feminist Inquiry

This chapter summarizes the advancement of duoethnography throughout its fifteen-year history, employing examples from a variety of topics in education and social justice to provide a wide range of approaches that one may take when conducting a duoethnography. A checklist articulates what its cofounders consider the core elements of duoethnographies, additional features that may or may not be employed and how some studies purporting to be duoethnographies may not be so. The chapter indicates connections between duoethnography and a number of methodological concepts including the third space, the problematics of representation, feminist inquiry, and critical theory using published examples by several duoethnographers.

scholarly journals An enhanced binarization framework for degraded historical document images

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xiong ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Ling Yue ◽  
Lirong Li ◽  
Song Wang
Keyword(s):  
Document Image ◽  
Morphological Operations ◽  
Document Images ◽  
Minimum Entropy ◽  
Stroke Width ◽  
Background Estimation ◽  
Structuring Element ◽  
Document Image Binarization ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
Stroke Width Transform

AbstractBinarization plays an important role in document analysis and recognition (DAR) systems. In this paper, we present our winning algorithm in ICFHR 2018 competition on handwritten document image binarization (H-DIBCO 2018), which is based on background estimation and energy minimization. First, we adopt mathematical morphological operations to estimate and compensate the document background. It uses a disk-shaped structuring element, whose radius is computed by the minimum entropy-based stroke width transform (SWT). Second, we perform Laplacian energy-based segmentation on the compensated document images. Finally, we implement post-processing to preserve text stroke connectivity and eliminate isolated noise. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art techniques on several public available benchmark datasets.

scholarly journals Validation of an HPLC–MS/MS Method for the Determination of Plasma Ticagrelor and Its Active Metabolite Useful for Research and Clinical Practice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lagoutte-Renosi ◽  
Bernard Royer ◽  
Vahideh Rabani ◽  
Siamak Davani
Keyword(s):  
Active Metabolite ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Antiplatelet Agent ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Wide Range

Ticagrelor is an antiplatelet agent which is extensively metabolized in an active metabolite: AR-C124910XX. Ticagrelor antagonizes P2Y12 receptors, but recently, this effect on the central nervous system has been linked to the development of dyspnea. Ticagrelor-related dyspnea has been linked to persistently high plasma concentrations of ticagrelor. Therefore, there is a need to develop a simple, rapid, and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of ticagrelor and its active metabolite in human plasma to further investigate the link between concentrations of ticagrelor, its active metabolite, and side effects in routine practice. We present here a new method of quantifying both molecules, suitable for routine practice, validated according to the latest Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines, with a good accuracy and precision (<15% respectively), except for the lower limit of quantification (<20%). We further describe its successful application to plasma samples for a population pharmacokinetics study. The simplicity and rapidity, the wide range of the calibration curve (2–5000 µg/L for ticagrelor and its metabolite), and high throughput make a broad spectrum of applications possible for our method, which can easily be implemented for research, or in daily routine practice such as therapeutic drug monitoring to prevent overdosage and occurrence of adverse events in patients.

Measurements and Modeling of Ingress in a New 1.5-Stage Turbine Research Facility

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios Patinios ◽  
James A. Scobie ◽  
Carl M. Sangan ◽  
J. Michael Owen ◽  
Gary D. Lock
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Radial Clearance ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Purge Flow ◽  
Rotor Disk ◽  
Engine Components

In gas turbines, hot mainstream flow can be ingested into the wheel-space formed between stator and rotor disks as a result of the circumferential pressure asymmetry in the annulus; this ingress can significantly affect the operating life, performance, and integrity of highly stressed, vulnerable engine components. Rim seals, fitted at the periphery of the disks, are used to minimize ingress and therefore reduce the amount of purge flow required to seal the wheel-space and cool the disks. This paper presents experimental results from a new 1.5-stage test facility designed to investigate ingress into the wheel-spaces upstream and downstream of a rotor disk. The fluid-dynamically scaled rig operates at incompressible flow conditions, far removed from the harsh environment of the engine which is not conducive to experimental measurements. The test facility features interchangeable rim-seal components, offering significant flexibility and expediency in terms of data collection over a wide range of sealing flow rates. The rig was specifically designed to enable an efficient method of ranking and quantifying the performance of generic and engine-specific seal geometries. The radial variation of CO2 gas concentration, pressure, and swirl is measured to explore, for the first time, the flow structure in both the upstream and downstream wheel-spaces. The measurements show that the concentration in the core is equal to that on the stator walls and that both distributions are virtually invariant with radius. These measurements confirm that mixing between ingress and egress is essentially complete immediately after the ingested fluid enters the wheel-space and that the fluid from the boundary layer on the stator is the source of that in the core. The swirl in the core is shown to determine the radial distribution of pressure in the wheel-space. The performance of a double radial-clearance seal is evaluated in terms of the variation of effectiveness with sealing flow rate for both the upstream and the downstream wheel-spaces and is found to be independent of rotational Reynolds number. A simple theoretical orifice model was fitted to the experimental data showing good agreement between theory and experiment for all cases. This observation is of great significance as it demonstrates that the theoretical model can accurately predict ingress even when it is driven by the complex unsteady pressure field in the annulus upstream and downstream of the rotor. The combination of the theoretical model and the new test rig with its flexibility and capability for detailed measurements provides a powerful tool for the engine rim-seal designer.

scholarly journals Sound propagation in a lined nozzle with shear and bias flows

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-48
Author(s):  
LMBC Campos ◽  
C Legendre
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Mach Number ◽  
Boundary Layers ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Core Flow ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bias Flow ◽  
Number Formula

In this study, the propagation of waves in a two-dimensional parallel-sided nozzle is considered allowing for the combination of: (a) distinct impedances of the upper and lower walls; (b) upper and lower boundary layers with different thicknesses with linear shear velocity profiles matched to a uniform core flow; and (c) a uniform cross-flow as a bias flow out of one and into the other porous acoustic liner. The model involves an “acoustic triple deck” consisting of third-order non-sinusoidal non-plane acoustic-shear waves in the upper and lower boundary layers coupled to convected plane sinusoidal acoustic waves in the uniform core flow. The acoustic modes are determined from a dispersion relation corresponding to the vanishing of an 8 × 8 matrix determinant, and the waveforms are combinations of two acoustic and two sets of three acoustic-shear waves. The eigenvalues are calculated and the waveforms are plotted for a wide range of values of the four parameters of the problem, namely: (i/ii) the core and bias flow Mach numbers; (iii) the impedances at the two walls; and (iv) the thicknesses of the two boundary layers relative to each other and the core flow. It is shown that all three main physical phenomena considered in this model can have a significant effect on the wave field: (c) a bias or cross-flow even with small Mach number [Formula: see text] relative to the mean flow Mach number [Formula: see text] can modify the waveforms; (b) the possibly dissimilar impedances of the lined walls can absorb (or amplify) waves more or less depending on the reactance and inductance; (a) the exchange of the wave energy with the shear flow is also important, since for the same stream velocity, a thin boundary layer has higher vorticity, and lower vorticity corresponds to a thicker boundary layer. The combination of all these three effects (a–c) leads to a large set of different waveforms in the duct that are plotted for a wide range of the parameters (i–iv) of the problem.

Measurements and Modelling of Ingress in a New 1.5-Stage Turbine Research Facility

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios Patinios ◽  
James A. Scobie ◽  
Carl M. Sangan ◽  
J. Michael Owen ◽  
Gary D. Lock
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Radial Clearance ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Purge Flow ◽  
Engine Components ◽  
First Time

In gas turbines, hot mainstream flow can be ingested into the wheel-space formed between stator and rotor discs as a result of the circumferential pressure asymmetry in the annulus; this ingress can significantly affect the operating life, performance and integrity of highly-stressed, vulnerable engine components. Rim seals, fitted at the periphery of the discs, are used to minimise ingress and therefore reduce the amount of purge flow required to seal the wheel-space and cool the discs. This paper presents experimental results from a new 1.5-stage test facility designed to investigate ingress into the wheel-spaces upstream and downstream of a rotor disc. The fluid-dynamically-scaled rig operates at incompressible flow conditions, far removed from the harsh environment of the engine which is not conducive to experimental measurements. The test facility features interchangeable rim-seal components, offering significant flexibility and expediency in terms of data collection over a wide range of sealing-flow rates. The rig was specifically designed to enable an efficient method of ranking and quantifying the performance of generic and engine-specific seal geometries. The radial variation of CO2 gas concentration, pressure and swirl is measured to explore, for the first time, the flow structure in both the upstream and downstream wheel-spaces. The measurements show that the concentration in the core is equal to that on the stator walls and that both distributions are virtually invariant with radius. These measurements confirm that mixing between ingress and egress is essentially complete immediately after the ingested fluid enters the wheel-space and that the fluid from the boundary-layer on the stator is the source of that in the core. The swirl in the core is shown to determine the radial distribution of pressure in the wheel-space. The performance of a double radial-clearance seal is evaluated in terms of the variation of effectiveness with sealing flow rate for both the upstream and the downstream wheel-spaces and is found to be independent of rotational Reynolds number. A simple theoretical orifice model was fitted to the experimental data showing good agreement between theory and experiment for all cases. This observation is of great significance as it demonstrates that the theoretical model can accurately predict ingress even when it is driven by the complex unsteady pressure field in the annulus upstream and downstream of the rotor. The combination of the theoretical model and the new test rig with its flexibility and capability for detailed measurements provides a powerful tool for the engine rim-seal designer.

scholarly journals Administration of Micro-credit by National Bank

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
K. Prabakkar Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Basic Aspect ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
National Bank ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Micro Credit

The United Nations has designated the year 2005 as the "International year of Micro-Credit". The Micro Finance (MF) initiatives of NABARD have evolved as a sustainable social movement over a decade by now. The design and content of these innovations have remained dynamic in tandem with the changing needs of the micro finance sector in the Country. These initiatives have attracted the attention of a wide range of stakeholders. Large number of formal and informal agencies has joined the NABARD in this unique process of soda-economic engineering. The relevance of the micro finance programme was greatly enhanced the interest of all participants through the core strategies of SHG — bank linkage, which was built around a simple but basic aspect of human nature — the feeling of self-worth.

scholarly journals The Oxford Handbook of Cyberpsychology

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Online Research ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Online Groups ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
And Behavior

Humans are becoming increasingly reliant on interconnected technologies to go about their daily lives in the personal and professional spheres. From finding romance, to conducting businesses entirely online, receiving health services, shopping, banking, and gaming, the Internet and World Wide Web open up a world of possibilities to people across the globe. Understanding the psychological processes underlying and influencing the thinking, interpretation, and behavior associated with this online interconnectivity is the core premise of Cyberpsychology. This book explores a wide range of cyberpsychological processes and activities through the research and writings of some of the world’s leading cyberpsychology experts. The book covers a broad range of topics spanning the key areas of research interest in this emerging field of enquiry and will be of interest to those who have only recently discovered the discipline as well as more seasoned cyberpsychology researchers and teachers. The book contains eight sections, and includes contributions spanning the breadth of current academic and public interest. Topics include: online research methods, self-presentation and impression management, technology across the lifespan, interaction and interactivity, online groups and communities, social media, health and technology, video gaming, and cybercrime and cybersecurity.

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