Digital Technology at the Edge of Capitalism

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Débora De Castro Leal ◽  
Max Krüger ◽  
Vanessa Teles E. Teles ◽  
Carlos Antônio Teles E. Teles ◽  
Denise Machado Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Specific Material ◽  
Culture And Development ◽  
Global Systems ◽  
The Relationship

It is sometimes argued that there is hardly a place in the world in the 21st century left untouched by global capitalism [111, 112]. Even so, some places remain at the periphery, participating in this system without being fully absorbed by it. In this article, we take a detailed look at the economic life of such a “pericapitalist” [161] community in the Brazilian Amazon region. We detail how the community increasingly participates in global systems and supply chains, yet also organizes economic life around local and traditional values. We pay special attention to the role of digital technologies in the community, including mobile phones and internet. The contribution of the article is as follows: firstly, it provides a detailed analysis of the material practices of a community at the edge . Secondly, it draws attention to the heterogeneous nature of responses to global capitalism, formed from the relationship between specific material practices, new technology, and elements of cultural identity. Thirdly, it argues for an increased sensibility towards these different relations to capitalism when considering design implications. We argue that close attention to material practice goes some way towards resolving those tensions and, further, provides for an appeal to a more pluralistic views of culture and development [61].

The Enduring Interim

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kenneth Galbraith
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Saint Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Middle Ages

This chapter discusses the basic economic life in the Middle Ages, noting the absence of trade or a market during the period. It first considers the legacy of the Romans with respect to economic and political life, including their commitment to the sanctity of private property and Christianity. In particular, it describes Christian attitudes toward wealth and the link between morality and the market. It also examines the ideas of Saint Thomas Aquinas and Nicole Oresme before turning to the role of markets in the Middle Ages, along with their special characteristics. Finally, it looks at other aspects of economic life during the medieval period, such as the intrusion of ethics on economics—the fairness or justice of the relationship between master and slave, lord and serf, landlord and sharecropper.

scholarly journals The Joint of the Architect’s Hand

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol-Anne Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
Actual Structure ◽  
Robert Morris ◽  
Richard Serra ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In modern day architecture practice, the role of the hand in the design process has been displaced by the advent of new technology. There is an inherent desire in practice to rely fully on the computer, which within its digital parameters removes the direct connection of the architect’s hand from the creative process. To create meaningful architecture, it is imperative to understand that the relationship of the architect’s hand in the design process is as critical as the relationship of the architectural joint to the project. To understand the hand, I approached it architecturally and rigorously studied its form and structure. At the same time, I studied several sculptors and artists, such as Richard Serra, Eduardo Chillida, Robert Morris and Eva Hesse who concentrated on the process over the final product.  I created section drawings of select pieces and analyzed them with hand motions to study their forms. With these analyses, I created a material joint that explored different ways to “hold” masses and “join” different materials. With my hand analyses and material joints, I have understood the level of the “joint” at different scales: from the hand that makes the architecture to the actual structure that holds architecture together.

The Intercultural Role of Attitudes Towards Violence Against Women Among Moroccan Immigrants

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122110514
Author(s):  
Ainara Arnoso ◽  
Maitane Arnoso ◽  
Edurne Elgorriaga
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Native People ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Culture Of Honor ◽  
Sexist Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

The objective was to study the intercultural role of attitudes towards violence against women in the Moroccan immigrant population. A first study analyzes the relationship between sexism and intimate partner violence and the differences based on origin and sex. About 122 native Spanish people and Moroccan immigrants participated. Men and Moroccan immigrants had more sexist attitudes than women and native people, with no differences in intimate partner violence based on sex or origin. A second study using two focus groups with Moroccan immigrants showed the relevance of the traditional values of gender and culture of honor, religiosity, and the socio-economic context.

The Quality of Government and Economic Growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 358-377
Author(s):  
Pelle Ahlerup ◽  
Thushyanthan Baskaran ◽  
Arne Bigsten
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Institutional Challenges ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter reviews the literature on the relationship between the quality of government (QoG) and economic growth. As there is limited evidence on the link between QoG narrowly defined and growth, our focus is on the role of related aspects, such as democracy, formal institutions, and cultural norms. We discuss institutional challenges in generating and sustaining high growth rates. We then review the evidence on how QoG, and related aspects of political and economic life, affect growth and pay attention to the relevant channels. We also discuss whether it is harder to sustain growth if it increases inequality. Since a government needs to be both efficient and impartial to support aggregate economic performance, we argue that it is too strict to let QoG be defined as impartiality only.

scholarly journals Learning about a New Technology: Pineapple in Ghana

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy G Conley ◽  
Christopher R Udry
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Learning Effects ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates the role of social learning in the diffusion of a new agricultural technology in Ghana. We use unique data on farmers' communication patterns to define each individual's information neighborhood. Conditional on many potentially confounding variables, we find evidence that farmers adjust their inputs to align with those of their information neighbors who were surprisingly successful in previous periods. The relationship of these input adjustments to experience further indicates the presence of social learning. In addition, applying the same method to input choices for another crop, of known technology, correctly indicates an absence of social learning effects. (JEL D83, O13, O33, Q16)

scholarly journals prevailing wage system toward the potential of trade unions in local situations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 404-412
Author(s):  
Ratna Supiyah ◽  
Kokom Komariah ◽  
Aa Hubur ◽  
Rahul Chauhan ◽  
Ruly Artha
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Current System ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Wage System ◽  
Prevailing Wage ◽  
Japanese Companies ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Impatience with the prevailing wage system - due to its components that place too much emphasis on non-monetary rewards and too much emphasis on age and seniority - is evident among young workers. The Directors strongly felt that the growing pool of trained workers in the city did not fit into the current system of relations in the factory. These feelings are expressed both in training programs intended to instill traditional values ??and in prevailing recruitment procedures. There are no examples of other types of tension and anxiety-caused by lagging the current factory system from (to) the changes taking place. In society at large - rather than the role of women in Japanese companies. Perhaps more than any other interaction. The relationship between men and women in Japan is very different from what has developed in the West. Perhaps more than any other type of relationship, the changes caused and accelerated by the events of the last years have influenced the roles, attitudes and behavior of Japanese women. The resulting tensions were evident in factories and in the offices of large Japanese companies. 

scholarly journals Subsidiarity-Based Management and Control Systems for Railway

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
B. A. Lyovin ◽  
V. Ya. Tsvetkov ◽  
Yu. V. Dzyuba
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transport Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The increase in railway speeds and the transition to unmanned transport control result in the growth of the role of operational management technologies exempt from excessive control of corporate headquarters. The objective of the work is to study the subsidiaritybased control as a new technology of controlling moving objects, and to identify borders of its efficiency. A subsidiarity-based control’s feature is that its efficiency may be revealed under certain conditions only and not always. Therefore, the application of subsidiaritybased control requires an analysis of operating conditions of vehicles. Subsidiarity-based control is an alternative to hierarchical control which is more efficient under simpler conditions. The paper reveals the essence of subsidiarity in the social and engineering field, and results of the study on application and applicability of subsidiarity-based control for the railways, its core factors are analyzed. Comparison of signal block and subsidiarity-based control systems is made, followed by description of particularities of identification of the size of blocks within subsidiarity-based control system. Additional factors of subsidiarity-based control, comprising complementarity and astatism, are described. The relationship between subsidiarity-based management and control and implementation of digital railway concept is shown.

scholarly journals Problems and Prospects of Research of Legal Life of a Person and Society

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
E A Popov
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the phenomenon of legal life of man and society. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of the investigation of this phenomenon in the jurisprudence and social Sciences. The role of legal life in the development of public relations and the overall legal system of the state. Axiological approach to the study of the legal life of man and society combines the efforts of law and social Sciences in the study of this phenomenon. This legal life is seen in a number of other independent phenomena and phenomena and legal reality, the legal mentality and law. These phenomena in scientific discourse as the phenomena relate to: 1) complement each other in meaning;2) showing the dynamics of the formation and consolidation of the society of legal values, based on the preservation of traditional values and norms; 3) constituents of the essential elements of any legal system in any historical time;4) inf luencing the formation of those or other legal norms and rules; 5) defining the nature of the relationship with different entities in law. Identify features of the legal life of man and society has an undeniable value for modern Sciences and knowledge. It is the legal life extends to all human individual and collective existence, affects the traditional values and norms. The article made the following conclusions: 1) the legal life connected with the daily life of a person; 2) legal life based on ancestral values, as well as cultural universals that are present in every national culture; 3) it becomes one of the factors of socio-cultural development of societies and States; 4) has an impact on the legal reality, since it ref lects the legal expectations of individuals; 5) appeals not only to the system of law and legal norms, but also to ethics, morals, principles of social justice and freedom.

Working Together: Ethnographic Observations on Participatory Design Involving Adults with Autism

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
M. Ariel Cascio ◽  
Florian Grond ◽  
Rossio Motta-Ochoa ◽  
Tamar Tembeck ◽  
Dan Ten Veen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Adults With Autism ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Working Together ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding and improving how diverse people work together is a core concern of applied social sciences. This article reports ethnographic observations on a participatory design project in which researchers and adults on the autism spectrum worked together on the design of a new technology—biomusic. Biomusic uses a smartphone application and a wearable sensor to measure physiological signals and translate them into auditory output. Ethnographers were involved in this project, both to facilitate eliciting perspectives of different stakeholders and to observe, record, and reflect on the process. This paper discusses the relationship between ethnography and participatory design in two ways. First, it describes the contribution of ethnography to achieving the goals of participatory design. Second, it draws on ethnographic observations to highlight different strategies people with and without autism used to work together, including strategies put forth by the researchers, strategies already in place in the community, and strategies emerging from the intersection of both. These strategies created a space that was more accessible to many different types of people. Documenting the way that this group worked together challenged several stereotypes about autism and highlighted the role of autistic collaborators as agents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document