Extending Computational Thinking into Information and Communication Technology Literacy Measurement

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Han Sung Kim ◽  
Soohwan Kim ◽  
Wooyoul Na ◽  
Woon Jee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Ict Literacy ◽  
School Students ◽  
Information And Communication

As Information and Communication Technology (ICT) literacy education has recently shifted to fostering computing thinking ability as well as ICT use, many countries are conducting research on national curriculum and evaluation. In this study, we measured Korean students’ ICT literacy levels by using the national measurement tool that assesses abilities of the IT (Information Technology) area and the CT (Computational Thinking) area. A research team revised an existing ICT literacy assessment tool for the IT test and developed a new CT test environment in which students could perform actual coding through a web-based programming tool such as Scratch. Additionally, after assessing ICT literacy levels, differences in ICT literacy levels by gender and grade were analyzed to provide evidence for national education policies. Approximately 23,000 elementary and middle school students participated in the 2018 national assessment of ICT literacy, accounting for 1% of the national population of students. The findings demonstrated that female students had higher literacy levels in most sub-factors of IT and CT areas. Additionally, in the areas of strengths and weaknesses, the ratio of below-basic achievement among male students was at least two times greater than that of female students. Nonetheless, male students scored higher on CT automation, a coding item that involved problem solving using Scratch. Looking at the difference according to grade level, the level improved as the school year increased in elementary school, but there was no difference in middle school. When analyzing the detailed elements of middle school students, the automation factor of seventh grade students was found to be higher than eighth and ninth grade students. Based on these results, this study discussed some implications for ICT and computing education in elementary and middle schools.

scholarly journals Physical Education Attitude of Adolescent Students in the Philippines: Importance of Curriculum and Teacher Sex and Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelita B. Cruz ◽  
Minsung Kim ◽  
Hyun-Duck Kim
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Department Head ◽  
Male Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Adolescent Students

The present study examined the attitudes of Filipino middle school students toward physical education (PE) and the associations between PE attitude and various personal and external correlates of PE. In total, 659 middle school students, aged between 12 and 19 years (M = 14.55; SD = 1.14), participated in the study. The Physical Education Attitude Scale (PEAS) was used to measure affective, cognitive, and motivational/behavioral attitudes of adolescent students toward PE. Results showed that middle school students had moderate general attitudes toward PE. Female students had more favorable attitudes toward PE when their teacher was male than female. When the teacher was female, male students were more satisfied with the PE curriculum than female students. When the teacher was male, female students were more comfortable with the PE curriculum than male students. Finally, students' PE attitude did not decrease as they got older, regardless of student sex. The findings provide a different perspective for the field and underscore the importance of not only the PE curriculum but also the student–teacher relationship. To prevent the decline in students' positive attitude and encourage positive behaviors toward PE and activities, teachers should be very considerate about their interactions with students of the same sex; school administrators (e.g., principal and PE department head), meanwhile, should focus at providing PE teachers with special training courses to enhance both their teaching and communication capabilities.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF THE INTEREST OF TURKISH MIDDLE-SCHOOL STUDENTS IN STEM CAREERS: GENDER AND GRADE LEVEL DIFFERENCES

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Ergün
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Stem Careers ◽  
Career Interest ◽  
School Students ◽  
Grade Level Differences ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Descriptive Survey

In Turkey, it is predicted that the need for STEM employment in the 2016-2023 period will be close to one million and that about 31% of this need will not be met. Therefore, the identification of students’ interest in STEM careers in middle-school is regarded as important. The aim of this research was to identify the interest of middle-school students in STEM careers. The sample of the research was made up of 892 students who received education in four middle-schools in the Aegean region of Turkey. In this research which was of the descriptive survey model, the STEM Career Interest Questionnaire was used to collect data. As a result of research, it was determined that the interest of male students in STEM careers is more positive compared to the female students. It was found that the interest in careers in terms of grade level did not display any differences in the area of technology, whereas it displayed differences in the areas of science, engineering and mathematics. In addition, it was identified that the interest in STEM careers displayed differences in terms of grade level and that as the grade level increases, the interest in STEM careers decreases.

scholarly journals ICT LITERACY OF LANGUAGE TEACHERS IN SELECTED LAGOS STATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS, NIGERIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oludare Adebanji Shorunke ◽  
Solomn O. Makinde ◽  
Omawumi O. Makinde
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Ict Literacy ◽  
Ict Skills ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Information And Communication

This study contributes to the limited research available on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) literacy of language teachers in Nigeria. The advent of ICT brought new opportunities that require a skill set to operate better and faster, even in the education sector.  The case for teachers’ ICT literacy is cogent in the information age to update them on their areas of specialization. The use of ICT requires some skills to enhance the access and retrieval of the required information without undue stress. The level of ICT skills a teacher possesses may affect the extent to which the teacher puts ICT to use. This study revealed that majority of the respondents made use of ICT resources. The study revealed that aggregately a large proportion of the teachers are ICT literate. This study made recommendations to improve ICT skills training and access to ICT resources.

Investigation of Variables Related to Computational Thinking Self-Efficacy Level in Middle School Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-75
Author(s):  
Hatice Yildiz Durak ◽  
Mustafa Saritepeci ◽  
Ahmet Topçu ◽  
Aykut Durak
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Academic Variables ◽  
School Students ◽  
Programming Education ◽  
Predictive Variables ◽  
Programming Tool ◽  
Math Class

This study examined the predictiveness of demographic and academic variables and the variables which are in relation with programming on computational thinking (CT) self-efficacy of middle school students who received and who did not receive programming education. Relational screening model was utilized in this study. One-hundred ninety-nine middle school students from 5th and 6th grades in Turkey composed the participants of the research. As the result of the research, it was found that CT self-efficacy level is low. Furthermore, programming experiences of the students are approximately two years. The most important predictor of CT self-efficacy of the students who received programming education is demographic variables. Predictive variables' relative order of importance on CT self-efficacy of the students who received programming education are gender, utilized programming tool, math class grade point average, and attitude towards programming.

scholarly journals Bullying Among Middle School Students with Disabilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Breanna McNeal ◽  
Dorothy Espelage
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Male Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Bully Victimization ◽  
Willingness To Intervene ◽  
Caucasian Students

This investigation examined the association between bully victimization and willingness to intervene in bullying situations among students with and without disabilities. Through the use of self-report surveys, middle school students (n = 1005) participated in the study. The majority of students with disabilities reported having a Specific Learning Disability, and the sample included 49% male students and 44% Caucasian students. Results indicated that there was no significant effect for disability status on willingness to intervene; however, students who were bullied were more willing to intervene compared to youth with low rates of victimization. Students with disabilities who were victimized at high rates reported greater willingness to intervene in bullying situations compared to students with disabilities who reported lower rates of victimization and students without disabilities. These findings suggest that students with disabilities play a critical role in supporting other students who are being victimized by intervening to help them.

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