scholarly journals Designing Interactions Beyond Conscious Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Abhinandan Jain ◽  
Adam Haar Horowitz ◽  
Felix Schoeller ◽  
Sang-won Leigh ◽  
Pattie Maes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conscious Control

Inhibition of Neighboring Motoneurons in Conscious Control of Single Spinal Motoneurons

Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 183 (4128) ◽  
pp. 975-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Smith ◽  
J. V. Basmajian ◽  
S. F. Vanderstoep
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Motoneurons ◽  
Conscious Control

The Mind Is a DJ: Rhythmic Entrainment in Beatmatching and Embodied Temporal Processing

2021 ◽  
pp. 234-252
Author(s):  
Maria A. G. Witek
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Embodied Mind ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Conscious Control

In music, rhythmic entrainment occurs when the attention and body movements of listeners, dancers and musicians become synchronized with the beat. This synchronization occurs due to the mechanisms of phase and period correction. Here, I describe what happens to these mechanisms during beatmatching—a central skill in DJing that involves synchronizing the beats of two records on a set of turntables. Via the enactivist approach to the embodied mind, I argue that beatmatching affords a different form of entrainment that requires more conscious control of and embodied operationalization of temporal error correction, and thus provides a vivid model of the embodied distribution of rhythmic entrainment.

Nucleus tractus solitarius and control of blood pressure in chronic sinoaortic denervated rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. R258-R266 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Schreihofer ◽  
A. F. Sved
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Nucleus Tractus Solitarius ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Baroreceptor Reflexes ◽  
Alpha Chloralose ◽  
And Control ◽  
Bilateral Destruction ◽  
Conscious Control

To determine the role of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in the tonic maintenance of arterial pressure (AP) following chronic baroreceptor denervation, the present study examined the effect of inhibition of the NTS on AP in chronic sinoaortic denervated (SAD) and control rats. One to two weeks after complete SAD (no residual arterial baroreceptor reflexes) mean AP was not significantly different from that of control rats. Bilateral microinjections of muscimol and lidocaine into the NTS markedly increased AP in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized control rats. However, microinjections of these neuroinhibitory drugs had no effect on AP in SAD rats. Similarly, 1 h after bilateral destruction of the NTS conscious control rats were hypertensive, while AP in SAD rats was not changed. Plasma levels of vasopressin (VP), which were also elevated in control rats 1 h after NTS lesions, were not significantly altered in SAD rats. These results demonstrate that inhibition of the NTS has no effect on AP or plasma levels of VP in chronic SAD rats. This suggests neither the NTS nor afferents to the NTS supply a tonic inhibitory influence on AP after chronic baroreceptor denervation.

scholarly journals Reducing Implicit Prejudice

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin K Lai ◽  
Kelly M. Hoffman ◽  
Brian A. Nosek
Keyword(s):  
Social Preferences ◽  
Prejudice Reduction ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Real World Application ◽  
Implicit Prejudice ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conscious Control ◽  
Open Issues

Implicit prejudice are social preferences that exist outside of conscious awareness or conscious control. We summarize evidence for three mechanisms that influence the expression of implicit prejudice: associative change, contextual change, and change in control over implicit prejudice. We then review the evidence (or lack thereof) for five open issues in implicit prejudice reduction research: 1) what shows effectiveness in real-world application; 2) what doesn’t work for implicit prejudice reduction; 3) what interventions produce long-term changes in implicit prejudice; 4) measurement diversity in implicit prejudice reduction research; and 5) the relationship between implicit prejudice and behavior. Addressing these issues provide an agenda for clarifying the conditions and implications of reducing implicit prejudice.

scholarly journals The voluntary control of piloerection

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5292 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A.J. Heathers ◽  
Kirill Fayn ◽  
Paul J. Silvia ◽  
Niko Tiliopoulos ◽  
Matthew S. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Voluntary Control ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Conscious Control

Autonomic nervous systems in the human body are named for their operation outside of conscious control. One rare exception is voluntarily generated piloerection (VGP)—the conscious ability to induce goosebumps—whose physiological study, to our knowledge, is confined to three single-individual case studies. Very little is known about the physiological nature and emotional correlates of this ability. The current manuscript assesses physiological, emotional, and personality phenomena associated with VGP in a sample of thirty-two individuals. Physiological descriptions obtained from the sample are consistent with previous reports, including stereotypical patterns of sensation and action. Most participants also reported that their VGP accompanies psychological states associated with affective states (e.g., awe) and experience (e.g., listening to music), and higher than typical openness to new experiences. These preliminary findings suggest that this rare and unusual physiological ability interacts with emotional and personality factors, and thus merits further study.

scholarly journals Movement automaticity as functional variability

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter van Ginneken ◽  
Elmar Kal ◽  
Chris Low ◽  
Jamie Poolton ◽  
Rich Masters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Uncontrolled Manifold ◽  
Internal Focus ◽  
Conscious Control

Functional variability has been suggested to reflect movement automaticity. To test this hypothesis, we used the Uncontrolled Manifold (UCM) approach to operationalize functional variability in darts. We gauged the association between movement automaticity and functional variability in four different ways. First, we investigated whether functional variability was higher in the second half of a throw than in the first half, because the duration of a darts throw is too short for conscious control to intervene. Second, we compared whether functional variability was higher in experts than in novices, because motor control is presumed to be more automatized in experts. Third, we manipulated conscious control via attentional focus instructions, presuming that internal focus instructions result in reduced automaticity, and thus may decrease functional variability. Fourth, we administered the Movement Specific Reinvestment Scale (MSRS), which estimates the propensity for conscious control and was therefore expected to be associated with functional variability. In line with the hypotheses, functional variability was higher in the second half than in the first half of darts throws. Furthermore, experts displayed more functional variability than novices. These results suggest that functional variability reflects movement automaticity. However, neither the focus manipulations, nor MSRS scores significantly predicted functional variability. Further study is therefore required to ascertain whether functional variability reflects movement automaticity.

scholarly journals Legal Nature and Features a Continuing Crime

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-455
Author(s):  
Konstantin Obrazhiev
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Plenary Session ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Objective Side ◽  
Conscious Control

The author singles out constituent features of a continuing crime: 1) a continuing crime, although legally completed, is happening continuously until its actual completion; 2) a continuing action has a complex two-element structure: the first element of the objective side of a continuing crime is the action or inaction of the guilty person that legally constitutes a crime, and the second element is the subsequent continuous behavior that «stretches» the objective side of the continuing crime in time; 3) a continuing crime is producing a non-stop destructive effect on the object of criminal law protection, and the long-term deformation of this object happens because of the action itself, not the consequences caused by it; 4) by committing a continuing crime, the person preserves conscious control over the action after its legal completion, regulates his behavior, controls the process of inflicting harm on the object of criminal law protection, which makes it possible to recognize the person as active (non-active) in the criminal law sense; 5) only a crime with a formal construct of corpus delicti can be continuing. The abovementioned features together could act as reliable criteria for determining the chronological boundaries of specific criminal actions, as a key to resolving theoretical disputes and law enforcement problems connected with classifying a certain action as continuing. The article stresses that the permanent character of a continuing crime cannot be explained through the prism of the theory of a continuing criminal condition. Such an interpretation of a continuing crime, common in Russian and foreign research, contradicts the established tenets of the classical theory of crime. Only an act in the form of action or inaction can be recognized as a continuing crime, but not a state, situation, or status. Based on this, the author gives a critical assessment of Art. 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation that provides for the liability for holding the highest position in a criminal hierarchy. The objective side of a continuing crime has the following manifestations: 1) continuing criminal inaction; 2) a crime legally completed by an action, and continuing through inaction; 3) continuing action. Based on this, the author states that the description of a continuing crime contained in the Decree of the Plenary Session of the Supreme Court of the USSR of March 4, 1929 No. 23 (edition of the Decree of the Plenary Session of March 14, 1963, No. 1) should be specified.

scholarly journals What is social economic planning?

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Al Campbell ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Real World ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Planning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Planning Tool ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Work First ◽  
Conscious Control

The attempts to build post-capitalist societies in the twentieth century all used variations of the material-balances economic planning procedures developed first in the USSR. Most advocates of transcending capitalism came to accept the idea that the desired new society could operate only with some variation of such an economic planning tool. One part of the current thorough reconsideration of how to build a human-centered post-capitalist society is reconsidering how it should carry out, in a way consistent with its goals, the social economic planning that all systems of production require. This brief work first addresses a number of misconceptions and myths connected with the identification of planning for socialism with the material-balances planning system. After that, and connected to real-world experiments now going on in a few countries in the world, the work considers if the required social economic planning could occur through conscious control of markets, for countries attempting to build a socialism that uses markets for both the necessary articulation of all the steps in its many production chains and for the distribution of consumer goods.

Dissociative fugue of the patient of maternity ward - A case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 410-410
Author(s):  
M. Załuska ◽  
R. Żurko ◽  
M. Kuroń ◽  
G. Jakiel ◽  
A. Dudel
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Past History ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Maternity Ward ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
The Past ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Conscious Control

IntroductionMothers after childbearing are vulnerable to many stress related disorders.Objectiveto emphasize the role of the past obstetric complications, as so present infant pathology as risk factors for the mother's post partum stress related disorders.MethodsThe case analysis.Case descriptionThe thirty-year-old, women left the maternity ward with her baby unnoticed on the fourth day after giving birth. She was referred to psychiatry ward, after finding her by the police. In the past history the patient had spontaneous miscarriage in the first pregnancy. She has waited with her husband 6 years long for the next baby. The second pregnancy was at risk, the labor was premature and the infant has palatoschisis. The mother had difficulties with feeding. She feared about baby's life, and had feeling of being neglected by the staff. In psychiatry ward she did not reveal any symptoms of mental illness. She was interested in her child, however the period of the flight was covered with memory gap. The predominance of immature defense mechanisms, as so mild cognitive dysfunctions were revealed in psychological testing. The dissociative fugue was diagnosed. The patient was discharged without any medication to ambulatory psychotherapy.CommentaryThe interaction of past and present traumatic experiences in the patient with cognitive dysfunctions and immature defense mechanisms could impair ability of post-partum coping with fear about the child and consequently led to the loss of conscious control over the memory. Early diagnosing and supporting problematic patients of the maternity ward is needed.

Pathologic Jealousy and Psychochemotherapy

1965 ◽  
Vol 111 (480) ◽  
pp. 1023-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horace B. Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Complex Emotion ◽  
Conscious Control

Jealousy is a complex emotion which most people have experienced at some time in life, at least during adolescence, and yet it is hard to describe precisely. Freud (13) said it is compounded of grief over the loss of a loved object, pain due to the narcissistic wound, feelings of enmity against the successful rival, and of a greater or lesser amount of self-criticism in holding oneself accountable for the loss. Even normal jealousy, Freud said, is by no means rational and is neither under conscious control nor necessarily proportionate to the external situation out of which it seems to arise.

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