A completey on-chip voltage regulation technique for low power digital circuits

Author(s):  
L. Richard Carley ◽  
Akshay Aggarwal

Power is a major constraint in Digital VLSI circuits, due to reduction in sizes of Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) transistors are scaling down. Low-power technologies are used to diminish the power utilization be able to be classified as Sub-threshold CMOS and Adiabatic logic tachniques. In, Sub-threshold CMOS defines a system which reduces the power utilization to inferior than the threshold voltage of a MOS Device, where as Adiabatic logic circuit is a method which minimizes the energy usage through suppress the applied voltage to the resistance of a given VLSI design. This effort deals to offer a subthreshold adiabatic logic circuit of low power CMOS circuits that uses 2φ clocking subthreshold Adiabatic Logic. The digital circuits were designed in HSPICE using 0.18 μm CMOS standard process technology. It is evident from the results that the 2φ Clocking Subthreshold Adiabatic design is beneficial in major application where power starving is of major significance at the same time as in elevated its performance efficiency in DSP processor IC, System on chip, Network on chip and High speed digital ICs.


There is number of computations involved at every stage in Digital Signal Processing (DSP). At every stage of computation we have addition and multiplication of the terms derived from previous and presents stages. The general computation incorporates the use of normal multiplication and addition, but the circuitry of normal multiplication and addition is lethargic i.e., it consumes more space on chip, consumes more power and the speed of computation is also low.These drawbacks can be avoided by switching to proposed method called Multiplication and Accumulation (MAC). Aim of this project is to develop an Area optimized Low power digital circuit for MAC (Multiply and Accumulate) operation. We develop the Verilog Hardware Description Language code for the various implementations of the MAC (Multiply and Accumulate) that is we try to avoid using multipliers and prefer to use the combinational circuits like multiplexers. These Verilog HDL codes will be simulated to check the functionality. Once we get the expected results we go for the implementation of the digital circuits. We analyze all the MAC digital circuits to find out the best digital circuit which consumes minimum area and power. The importance of MAC in FPGA designs is explained by some filter designs. We also give some suggestions on the system level solutions based on the MAC.


2011 ◽  
Vol E94-C (10) ◽  
pp. 1698-1701
Author(s):  
Yang SUN ◽  
Chang-Jin JEONG ◽  
In-Young LEE ◽  
Sang-Gug LEE

Author(s):  
A. Ferrerón Labari ◽  
D. Suárez Gracia ◽  
V. Viñals Yúfera

In the last years, embedded systems have evolved so that they offer capabilities we could only find before in high performance systems. Portable devices already have multiprocessors on-chip (such as PowerPC 476FP or ARM Cortex A9 MP), usually multi-threaded, and a powerful multi-level cache memory hierarchy on-chip. As most of these systems are battery-powered, the power consumption becomes a critical issue. Achieving high performance and low power consumption is a high complexity challenge where some proposals have been already made. Suarez et al. proposed a new cache hierarchy on-chip, the LP-NUCA (Low Power NUCA), which is able to reduce the access latency taking advantage of NUCA (Non-Uniform Cache Architectures) properties. The key points are decoupling the functionality, and utilizing three specialized networks on-chip. This structure has been proved to be efficient for data hierarchies, achieving a good performance and reducing the energy consumption. On the other hand, instruction caches have different requirements and characteristics than data caches, contradicting the low-power embedded systems requirements, especially in SMT (simultaneous multi-threading) environments. We want to study the benefits of utilizing small tiled caches for the instruction hierarchy, so we propose a new design, ID-LP-NUCAs. Thus, we need to re-evaluate completely our previous design in terms of structure design, interconnection networks (including topologies, flow control and routing), content management (with special interest in hardware/software content allocation policies), and structure sharing. In CMP environments (chip multiprocessors) with parallel workloads, coherence plays an important role, and must be taken into consideration.


Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 937-945
Author(s):  
Ruihuan Zhang ◽  
Yu He ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Shaohua An ◽  
Qingming Zhu ◽  
...  

AbstractUltracompact and low-power-consumption optical switches are desired for high-performance telecommunication networks and data centers. Here, we demonstrate an on-chip power-efficient 2 × 2 thermo-optic switch unit by using a suspended photonic crystal nanobeam structure. A submilliwatt switching power of 0.15 mW is obtained with a tuning efficiency of 7.71 nm/mW in a compact footprint of 60 μm × 16 μm. The bandwidth of the switch is properly designed for a four-level pulse amplitude modulation signal with a 124 Gb/s raw data rate. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed switch is the most power-efficient resonator-based thermo-optic switch unit with the highest tuning efficiency and data ever reported.


IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 813-826
Author(s):  
Farid Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Zarin Tasnim Sandhie ◽  
Liaquat Ali ◽  
Masud H. Chowdhury

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