Coin Flipping of Any Constant Bias Implies One-Way Functions

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itay Berman ◽  
Iftach Haitner ◽  
Aris Tentes
Keyword(s):  
Constant Bias ◽  
Coin Flipping

Coin Flipping with Constant Bias Implies One-Way Functions

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iftach Haitner ◽  
Eran Omri
Keyword(s):  
Constant Bias ◽  
Coin Flipping

scholarly journals A flexible platform for controlled optical and electrical effects in tailored plasmonic break junctions

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1391-1400
Author(s):  
Florian Laible ◽  
Kai Braun ◽  
Otto Hauler ◽  
Martin Eberle ◽  
Dieter P. Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Tunneling Current ◽  
Plasmonic Nanostructures ◽  
Break Junction ◽  
Metal Contacts ◽  
Break Junctions ◽  
Constant Bias ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Atomic Point Contacts

AbstractMechanically controllable break junctions are one suitable approach to generate atomic point contacts and ultrasmall and controllable gaps between two metal contacts. For constant bias voltages, the tunneling current can be used as a ruler to evaluate the distance between the contacts in the sub-1-nm regime and with sub-Å precision. This ruler can be used to measure the distance between two plasmonic nanostructures located at the designated breaking point of the break junction. In this work, an experimental setup together with suitable nanofabricated break junctions is developed that enables us to perform simultaneous gap-dependent optical and electrical characterization of coupled plasmonic particles, more specifically bowtie antennas in the highly interesting gap range from few nanometers down to zero gap width. The plasmonic break junction experiment is performed in the focus of a confocal microscope. Confocal scanning images and current measurements are simultaneously recorded and exhibit an increased current when the laser is focused in the proximity of the junction. This setup offers a flexible platform for further correlated optoelectronic investigations of coupled antennas or junctions bridged by nanomaterials.

scholarly journals Coin flipping from a cosmic source: On error correction of truly random bits

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elchanan Mossel ◽  
Ryan O'Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Cosmic Source ◽  
Coin Flipping

scholarly journals An Almost-Optimally Fair Three-Party Coin-Flipping Protocol

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iftach Haitner ◽  
Eliad Tsfadia
Keyword(s):  
Coin Flipping

Characteristics of the plasma impedance probe with constant bias

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 093510 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Blackwell ◽  
David N. Walker ◽  
Sarah J. Messer ◽  
William E. Amatucci
Keyword(s):  
Constant Bias ◽  
Plasma Impedance ◽  
Impedance Probe

Arousal and breathing responses to airway occlusion in healthy sleeping adults

1983 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1113-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Issa ◽  
C. E. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Total Occlusion ◽  
Airway Occlusion ◽  
Constant Bias ◽  
Bias Flow ◽  
Shallow Breathing

The arousal and breathing responses to total airway occlusion during sleep were measured in 12 normal subjects (7 males and 5 females) aged 25-36 yr. Subjects slept while breathing through a specially designed nosemask, which was glued to the nose with medical-grade silicon rubber. The lips were sealed together with a thin layer of Silastic. The nosemask was attached to a wide-bore (20 mm ID) rigid tube to allow a constant-bias flow of room air from a blower. Total airway occlusion was achieved by simultaneously inflating two rubber balloons fixed in the inspiratory and expiratory pipes. A total of 39 tests were done in stage III/IV nonrapid-eye movement (NREM) sleep in 11 subjects and 10 tests in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep in 5 subjects. The duration of total occlusion tolerated before arousal from NREM sleep varied widely (range 0.9-67.0 s) with a mean duration of 20.4 +/- 2.3 (SE) s. The breathing response to occlusion in NREM sleep was characterised by a breath-by-breath progressive increase in suction pressure achieved by an increase in the rate of inspiratory pressure generation during inspiration. In contrast, during REM sleep, arousal invariably occurred after a short duration of airway occlusion (mean duration 6.2 +/- 1.2 s, maximum duration 11.8 s), and the occlusion induced a rapid shallow breathing pattern. Our results indicate that total nasal occlusion during sleep causes arousal with the response during REM sleep being more predictable and with a generally shorter latency than that in NREM sleep.

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