scholarly journals Scaling up partial evaluation for optimizing the Sun commercial RPC protocol

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Muller ◽  
Eugen-Nicolae Volanschi ◽  
Renaud Marlet
Keyword(s):  
Partial Evaluation ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
The Sun

scholarly journals Scaling up partial evaluation for optimizing the Sun commercial RPC protocol

1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 116-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Muller ◽  
Eugen-Nicolae Volanschi ◽  
Renaud Marlet
Keyword(s):  
Partial Evaluation ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
The Sun

scholarly journals Manufacturing chemicals with light: any role in the circular economy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2176) ◽  
pp. 20190260
Author(s):  
M. Poliakoff ◽  
M. W. George
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Organic Photochemistry ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacture

We outline how recent developments in photochemistry can contribute to the realization of the 1912 vision of the pioneering Italian scientist Giacomo Ciamician, namely world-wide chemical-using industry-based chemical plants fuelled solely by the Sun. We then show how a combination of organic photochemistry and flow chemistry could contribute to the circular economy by harnessing the ability of light to provide the energy to promote reactions without the need for some of the added reagents that are necessary in more traditional chemical routes, so-called 'reagentless' chemistry. Photochemistry has a long history but recently it has undergone a renaissance, particularly with the rise in interest in photoredox chemistry. Continuous photoreactors offer a route to scaling up such reactions to a productivity needed for smaller scale pharmaceutical manufacture. We describe some reactor designs from our own laboratory and outline some of their applications. We then relate these to the requirements of the circular economy and the need to conserve the stocks of the less abundant chemical elements. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Science to enable the circular economy'.

scholarly journals How are countries planning for costs of nutrition data and information systems?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Renee Manorat ◽  
Yashodhara Rana ◽  
Kyle Borces ◽  
Laura Becker ◽  
Augustin Flory
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
System Components ◽  
Desk Review ◽  
Global Nutrition ◽  
Support Decision Making

Background: The first Global Nutrition Report in 2014 called for a “data revolution” in nutrition, so that countries have the latest data to set priorities and monitor progress. Integral to this revolution is understanding how countries are investing in the data, systems and capacity required to support decision-making around nutrition, i.e. their nutrition data and information system (NDIS). Methods: For this reason, our team conducted a desk review of national nutrition plans for 58 Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) countries to better understand how countries are planning for and estimating the costs of their NDIS. Results: We found that of the SUN national nutrition plans that are publicly accessible, not all are costed and less than half of these have explicit data and monitoring and evaluation (M&E) sections. Of the 19 national plans that had costed data and M&E sections, our initial estimates show costs for data systems ranged from 0.1%-12.8% of total plan costs with limited information on data system components. Conclusions: There is an imminent need for more comprehensive and strategic approaches – including the planning for and financing of – NDIS in countries.

scholarly journals Capacity for scaling up nutrition: a focus on pre-service training in West Africa and a Ghanaian case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richmond N. O. Aryeetey ◽  
Amos Laar ◽  
Francis Zotor ◽  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Nutrition Training ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Training Programmes

The 2013 Lancet series on maternal and child nutrition is identified and advocated for improved institutional and human capacity in nutrition towards scaling up nutrition (SUN) in countries with high stunting rates. Of the fifty-four countries with high burden of child undernutrition who have committed to the SUN movement, thirty-six are in Africa. In the present paper, the academic platform of the SUN movement in Ghana presents an overview of nutrition pre-service capacity in West Africa with a focus on Ghana. The present paper is based on the findings of a sub-region-wide assessment of degree programmes in nutrition in West Africa, plus another report on pre-service nutrition capacity in diploma awarding nursing and nutrition programmes in Ghana. Although there is inadequate evidence on pre-service nutrition training in the sub-region, the two reports provide useful evidence for action, including inadequate number and distribution of pre-service nutrition training programmes, low nutrition graduate output, poor quality of the programme curriculum and instruction, and sub-optimal capital investment. The present paper calls for urgent action to improve pre-service nutrition capacity building as a critical step towards SUN in West Africa.

scholarly journals ‘FAN the SUN brighter’: Fortifying Africa nutritionally (FAN) – the role of public private partnership in scaling up nutrition (SUN) in West Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-385
Author(s):  
Mawuli Sablah ◽  
Shawn K. Baker ◽  
Jane Badham ◽  
Alfred De Zayas
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Food Fortification ◽  
Private Partnership

The scaling up nutrition (SUN) policy framework requires extensive public–private partnership (PPP). Malnutrition is multi-dimensional and should engage multi-sectoral platforms. The SUN policy however did not fully embrace the dynamics of harnessing PPP. The objectives of the present paper are to highlight the reasons for the apprehension around PPP and illustrate how effective coordination of PPP in West Africa has contributed to implementing large-scale food fortification with micronutrients as a complementary nutrition intervention. The experience of Helen Keller International (HKI) in scaling up food fortification was emphasised with understanding of the factors contributing to indifference by the international community to private sector contribution to SUN. The roles of different stakeholders in a PPP are elucidated and the process linked to who, why and how to engage. The private sector provides direct nutrition services while the public sector creates the enabling environment for the private sector to thrive on social values. Through this approach fortified vegetable oil and wheat flour are now reaching over 70% of the population in West Africa. As a neutral broker HKI coordinated and facilitated dialogue among the different stakeholders. The core competencies of each stakeholder were harnessed and each partner was held accountable. It concludes that multi-sectoral relationship must be transparent, equitable and based on shared mutual interests. The rules and values of PPP offer opportunities for SUN.

scholarly journals Stakeholder Mapping Analysis on the Scaling-Up Nutrition Movement during the 1000 Days of Life between the Urban and Rural Government Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Ayun Sriatmi ◽  
Sutopo Patria Jati ◽  
Antono Suryoputro ◽  
Eka Yunila Fatmasari
Keyword(s):  
Decision Maker ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Stakeholder Collaboration ◽  
Implementation Gap ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Rural Government ◽  
Mapping Analysis ◽  
Technical Issues

The Scaling-Up Nutrition (SUN) Movement was an intervention to overcome chronic malnutrition through integrated stakeholder collaboration. Furthermore, the roles of stakeholders' in the SUN-Movement were not optimal and their characteristics were not yet known based on the groups and government areas (cities and regency). This study aims to map the SUN-Movement stakeholders' roles in different groups and government areas based on their attitudes, powers, and interests. This is an observational descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Totally of 30 institutions as stakeholders were involved in this study and divided into 3 different groups, namely Decision Maker (DM), Provider (P), and Clients & Representatives (CR). The DM group have the power to influence programs. Also, the P group was better at handling technical issues, however, it cannot build collaboration with other stakeholders. The CR tend to build this collaboration passively, nevertheless, it does not consider the SUN-Movement to be important. Consequently, each stakeholder views their roles differently. Different perceptions about stakeholders' roles in various indicators and government areas reveals an implementation gap in the SUN-Movement. Therefore, in conclusion, strengthening advocacy, coordination, routine socialization, and communication between stakeholders could bridge the needs, constraints and challenges that cause malnutrition and stunting.

Chromospheric activity as a function of age in main-sequence stars

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
O. C. Wilson ◽  
A. Skumanich
Keyword(s):  
Main Sequence ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Main Sequence Stars ◽  
Tentative Conclusion ◽  
Chromospheric Activity ◽  
General Field ◽  
Large Clusters

Evidence previously presented by one of the authors (1) suggests strongly that chromospheric activity decreases with age in main sequence stars. This tentative conclusion rests principally upon a comparison of the members of large clusters (Hyades, Praesepe, Pleiades) with non-cluster objects in the general field, including the Sun. It is at least conceivable, however, that cluster and non-cluster stars might differ in some fundamental fashion which could influence the degree of chromospheric activity, and that the observed differences in chromospheric activity would then be attributable to the circumstances of stellar origin rather than to age.

Galactic orbits of stars

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Richard Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Velocity Vector ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Rr Lyrae ◽  
The Galaxy

It is now possible to determine proper motions of high-velocity objects in such a way as to obtain with some accuracy the velocity vector relevant to the Sun. If a potential field of the Galaxy is assumed, one can compute an actual orbit. A determination of the velocity of the globular clusterωCentauri has recently been completed at Greenwich, and it is found that the orbit is strongly retrograde in the Galaxy. Similar calculations may be made, though with less certainty, in the case of RR Lyrae variable stars.

Seti Space Missions

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 761-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Maccone
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Gravitational Lens ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Space Antenna ◽  
Focal Distance ◽  
Large Space ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Space Antennas ◽  
New Space

AbstractSETI from space is currently envisaged in three ways: i) by large space antennas orbiting the Earth that could be used for both VLBI and SETI (VSOP and RadioAstron missions), ii) by a radiotelescope inside the Saha far side Moon crater and an Earth-link antenna on the Mare Smythii near side plain. Such SETIMOON mission would require no astronaut work since a Tether, deployed in Moon orbit until the two antennas landed softly, would also be the cable connecting them. Alternatively, a data relay satellite orbiting the Earth-Moon Lagrangian pointL2would avoid the Earthlink antenna, iii) by a large space antenna put at the foci of the Sun gravitational lens: 1) for electromagnetic waves, the minimal focal distance is 550 Astronomical Units (AU) or 14 times beyond Pluto. One could use the huge radio magnifications of sources aligned to the Sun and spacecraft; 2) for gravitational waves and neutrinos, the focus lies between 22.45 and 29.59 AU (Uranus and Neptune orbits), with a flight time of less than 30 years. Two new space missions, of SETI interest if ET’s use neutrinos for communications, are proposed.

A Search for Dyson Spheres around Late-Type Stars in the Solar Neighborhood II

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 707-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Jugaku ◽  
Shiro Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Solar Neighborhood ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Late Type ◽  
Solar Type

AbstractWe continued our search for partial (incomplete) Dyson spheres associated with 50 solar-type stars (spectral classes F, G, and K) within 25 pc of the Sun. No candidate objects were found.

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