A formal framework for a functional language with adaptable components

Purpose The goal of this clinical focus article is to illustrate how speech-language pathologists can document the functional language of school-age children using language sample analysis (LSA). Advances in computer hardware and software are detailed making LSA more accessible for clinical use. Method This clinical focus article illustrates how documenting school-age student's communicative functioning is central to comprehensive assessment and how using LSA can meet multiple needs within this assessment. LSA can document students' meaningful participation in their daily life through assessment of their language used during everyday tasks. The many advances in computerized LSA are detailed with a primary focus on the Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (Miller & Iglesias, 2019). The LSA process is reviewed detailing the steps necessary for computers to calculate word, morpheme, utterance, and discourse features of functional language. Conclusion These advances in computer technology and software development have made LSA clinically feasible through standardized elicitation and transcription methods that improve accuracy and repeatability. In addition to improved accuracy, validity, and reliability of LSA, databases of typical speakers to document status and automated report writing more than justify the time required. Software now provides many innovations that make LSA simpler and more accessible for clinical use. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12456719

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Three Ways of Being Non-Material

Studia Logica ◽

10.1007/s11225-021-09949-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vincenzo Crupi ◽

Andrea Iacona

Keyword(s):

Probabilistic Analysis ◽

Quantitative Measure ◽

Strict Interpretation ◽

Formal Framework ◽

Evidential Support ◽

Ways Of Being

AbstractThis paper develops a probabilistic analysis of conditionals which hinges on a quantitative measure of evidential support. In order to spell out the interpretation of ‘if’ suggested, we will compare it with two more familiar interpretations, the suppositional interpretation and the strict interpretation, within a formal framework which rests on fairly uncontroversial assumptions. As it will emerge, each of the three interpretations considered exhibits specific logical features that deserve separate consideration.

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On the relation between keys and link keys for data interlinking

Semantic Web ◽

10.3233/sw-200414 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Manuel Atencia ◽

Jérôme David ◽

Jérôme Euzenat

Keyword(s):

Description Logics ◽

The Other ◽

Formal Framework ◽

Precise Relationship

Both keys and their generalisation, link keys, may be used to perform data interlinking, i.e. finding identical resources in different RDF datasets. However, the precise relationship between keys and link keys has not been fully determined yet. A common formal framework encompassing both keys and link keys is necessary to ensure the correctness of data interlinking tools based on them, and to determine their scope and possible overlapping. In this paper, we provide a semantics for keys and link keys within description logics. We determine under which conditions they are legitimate to generate links. We provide conditions under which link keys are logically equivalent to keys. In particular, we show that data interlinking with keys and ontology alignments can be reduced to data interlinking with link keys, but not the other way around.

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Actively revealing card attack on card-based protocols

Natural Computing ◽

10.1007/s11047-020-09838-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ken Takashima ◽

Daiki Miyahara ◽

Takaaki Mizuki ◽

Hideaki Sone

Keyword(s):

Secure Computation ◽

Malicious Attack ◽

Formal Framework ◽

Almost All ◽

And Function

AbstractIn 1989, den Boer presented the first card-based protocol, called the “five-card trick,” that securely computes the AND function using a deck of physical cards via a series of actions such as shuffling and turning over cards. This protocol enables a couple to confirm their mutual love without revealing their individual feelings. During such a secure computation protocol, it is important to keep any information about the inputs secret. Almost all existing card-based protocols are secure under the assumption that all players participating in a protocol are semi-honest or covert, i.e., they do not deviate from the protocol if there is a chance that they will be caught when cheating. In this paper, we consider a more malicious attack in which a player as an active adversary can reveal cards illegally without any hesitation. Against such an actively revealing card attack, we define the t-secureness, meaning that no information about the inputs leaks even if at most t cards are revealed illegally. We then actually design t-secure AND protocols. Thus, our contribution is the construction of the first formal framework to handle actively revealing card attacks as well as their countermeasures.

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Program bifurcation for a polymorphically typed functional language

ACM SIGPLAN Notices ◽

10.1145/115866.115880 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 142-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anne De Niel ◽

Eddy Bevers ◽

Karel De Vlaminck

Keyword(s):

Functional Language

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A formal framework for robot to understand compound concepts

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1846/1/012035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1846 (1) ◽

pp. 012035

Author(s):

Yuanxiu Liao ◽

Mingrui Yan ◽

Xinqiao Li

Keyword(s):

Formal Framework ◽

Compound Concepts

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Effect of corpus callosum agenesis on the language network in children and adolescents

Brain Structure and Function ◽

10.1007/s00429-020-02203-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lisa Bartha-Doering ◽

Ernst Schwartz ◽

Kathrin Kollndorfer ◽

Florian Ph. S. Fischmeister ◽

Astrid Novak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Corpus Callosum ◽

Network Connectivity ◽

Functional Language ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Language Abilities ◽

Verbal Abilities ◽

Left And Right ◽

Language Network

AbstractThe present study is interested in the role of the corpus callosum in the development of the language network. We, therefore, investigated language abilities and the language network using task-based fMRI in three cases of complete agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC), three cases of partial ACC and six controls. Although the children with complete ACC revealed impaired functions in specific language domains, no child with partial ACC showed a test score below average. As a group, ACC children performed significantly worse than healthy controls in verbal fluency and naming. Furthermore, whole-brain ROI-to-ROI connectivity analyses revealed reduced intrahemispheric and right intrahemispheric functional connectivity in ACC patients as compared to controls. In addition, stronger functional connectivity between left and right temporal areas was associated with better language abilities in the ACC group. In healthy controls, no association between language abilities and connectivity was found. Our results show that ACC is associated not only with less interhemispheric, but also with less right intrahemispheric language network connectivity in line with reduced verbal abilities. The present study, thus, supports the excitatory role of the corpus callosum in functional language network connectivity and language abilities.

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