FRACTURES OF THE CLIVUS

Neurosurgery ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel G. Ochalski ◽  
Richard M. Spiro ◽  
Anthony Fabio ◽  
Amin B. Kassam ◽  
David O. Okonkwo
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhages ◽  
Neurological Sequelae ◽  
Head Injured ◽  
Boolean Search ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Injured Patients ◽  
Electronic Medical Record Database

Abstract OBJECTIVE We report the morbidity and mortality associated with fractures of the clivus and discuss management approaches specific to this unique diagnostic entity. METHODS We performed a boolean search of our electronic medical record database to identify patients with fractures of the clivus that were diagnosed using computed tomography of the head. A retrospective imaging and chart analysis was completed to further characterize the fractures and to analyze outcomes. RESULTS Between January 1999 and December 2007, 41 patients were identified with fractures of the clivus. We found a 0.21% overall incidence among all head-injured patients presenting to our institution and a 2.3% incidence among those patients with a cranial fracture. Ten of 41 patients (24.4%) died, and neurological and vascular complications associated with central cranial base fractures were observed in 19 of 41 patients (46%). Furthermore, associated cranial fractures remote from the central cranial base and associated intracranial hemorrhages were observed in 40 of 41 (97.6%) and 33 of 41 (80.5%) patients, respectively. In terms of outcomes, 26 of 41 patients (63.5%) had a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 12 or greater at the time of discharge from the hospital. CONCLUSION We demonstrate a lower than previously reported mortality rate in patients with clival fractures. Nevertheless, as a result of location, fractures of the clivus were frequently associated with a high rate of complications and neurological sequelae.

Social Norms Sustaining Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review of Methodologies for Proxy Measures

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110131
Author(s):  
Ilana Seff
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Boolean Search ◽  
The Many

In light of the many robust quantitative data sets that include information on attitudes and behaviors related to intimate partner violence (IPV), and in an effort to expand the evidence base around social norms and IPV, many researchers construct proxy measures of norms within and across groups embedded in the data. While this strategy has become increasingly popular, there is no standardized approach for assessing and constructing these norm proxies, and no review of these approaches has been undertaken to date. This study presents the results of a systematic review of methods used to construct quantitative proxy measures for social norms related to IPV. PubMed, Embase, Popline, and Scopus, and PsycINFO were searched using Boolean search techniques. Inclusion criteria comprised studies published since 2000 in English that either (i) examined a norm proxy related to gender or IPV or (ii) analyzed the relationship between a norm proxy and perpetration of, experiences of, or attitudes toward IPV. Studies that employed qualitative methods or that elicited direct measures of descriptive or injunctive norms were not included. Twenty-six studies were eligible for review. Evidence from this review highlights inconsistencies in how proxies are constructed, how they are assessed to ensure valid representation of norms, and how researchers acknowledge their respective method’s limitations. Key processes and reflections employed by some of the studies are identified and recommended for future research inquiries.

Private Set Operations Over Encrypted Cloud Dataset and Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Rafiee ◽  
Shahram Khazaei
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Service ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
Cloud Service Provider ◽  
Set Operations ◽  
Searchable Symmetric Encryption ◽  
Join Queries ◽  
Boolean Search ◽  
Boolean Queries ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Security Notion

Abstract We introduce the notion of private set operations (PSO) as a symmetric-key primitive in the cloud scenario, where a client securely outsources his dataset to a cloud service provider and later privately issues queries in the form of common set operations. We define a syntax and security notion for PSO and propose a general construction that satisfies it. There are two main ingredients to our PSO scheme: an adjustable join (Adjoin) scheme (MIT-CSAIL-TR-2012-006 (2012) Cryptographic treatment of CryptDB’s adjustable join. http://people.csail.mit.edu/nickolai/papers/popa-join-tr.pdf) and a tuple set (TSet) scheme (Cash, D., Jarecki, S., Jutla, C. S., Krawczyk, H., Rosu, M.-C., and Steiner, M. (2013) Highly-Scalable Searchable Symmetric Encryption With Support for Boolean Queries. 33rd Annual Cryptology Conf., Santa Barbara, CA, August 18–22, pp. 353–373. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg). We also propose an Adjoin construction that is substantially more efficient (in computation and storage) than the previous ones (Mironov, I., Segev, G., and Shahaf, I. (2017) Strengthening the Security of Encrypted Databases: Non-Transitive Joins. 15th Int. Conf., TCC 2017, Baltimore, MD, USA, November 12–15, pp. 631–661. Springer, Cham) due to the hardness assumption that we rely on, while retaining the same security notion. The proposed PSO scheme can be used to perform join queries on encrypted databases without revealing the duplicate patterns in the unqueried columns, which is inherent to an Adjoin scheme. In addition, we also show that the PSO scheme can be used to perform Boolean search queries on a collection of encrypted documents. We also provide standard security proofs for our constructions and present detailed efficiency evaluation and compare them with well-known previous ones.

Telemedicine and multiple sclerosis: A comprehensive literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 400-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Yeroushalmi ◽  
Heidi Maloni ◽  
Kathleen Costello ◽  
Mitchell T Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
Health Studies ◽  
Boolean Search ◽  
Optimal Implementation

Introduction Patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) face barriers accessing specialty care for evaluation and treatment. Telemedicine, the practice of clinical care at a distance with the aid of technology, may be a potential bridge to close the access gap for pwMS separated by distance or disability. The objective of this review was to investigate the types of telemedicine being utilized and overall outcomes for pwMS and their providers. Methods A Boolean search of the medical literature was conducted between January 2000 and January 31, 2018. PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and the Cochrane databases, were used to identify all relevant citations. Two reviewers independently appraised the articles for meeting study criteria and for study quality using the CASP system. Financial costs of the telemedicine applications were assessed. Results A total of 28 studies involving 3252 participants met criteria for inclusion. Telemedicine interventions were classified, and outcomes were assessed systematically by the following categories: general MS care; rehabilitation and exercise; and neuropsychology/mental health. Studies showed a range of outcomes with variable quality. Overall, remote clinical examinations, long-term telemedicine management interventions and telerehabilitation were shown to be beneficial, cost-effective and satisfactory for patients and providers. Discussion Telemedicine is a viable platform for delivering specialty MS care. Remote neurological assessments and several forms of therapy have been shown to be technically feasible. Optimal implementation and barriers to the use of telemedicine in the current healthcare system should be explored.

scholarly journals Usability Measures in Mobile-Based Augmented Reality Learning Applications: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 2718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kok Cheng Lim ◽  
Ali Selamat ◽  
Rose Alinda Alias ◽  
Ondrej Krejcar ◽  
Hamido Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Hybrid Technique ◽  
Content Quality ◽  
Boolean Search ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Usability Metrics ◽  
Usability Data ◽  
Post Synthesis ◽  
Research Types

The implementation of usability in mobile augmented reality (MAR) learning applications has been utilized in a myriad of standards, methodologies, and techniques. The usage and combination of techniques within research approaches are important in determining the quality of usability data collection. The purpose of this study is to identify, study, and analyze existing usability metrics, methods, techniques, and areas in MAR learning. This study adapts systematic literature review techniques by utilizing research questions and Boolean search strings to identify prospective studies from six established databases that are related to the research context area. Seventy-two articles, consisting of 45 journals, 25 conference proceedings, and two book chapters, were selected through a systematic process. All articles underwent a rigorous selection protocol to ensure content quality according to formulated research questions. Post-synthesis and analysis, the output of this article discusses significant factors in usability-based MAR learning applications. This paper presents five identified gaps in the domain of study, modes of contributions, issues within usability metrics, technique approaches, and hybrid technique combinations. This paper concludes five recommendations based on identified gaps concealing potential of usability-based MAR learning research domains, varieties of unexplored research types, validation of emerging usability metrics, potential of performance metrics, and untapped correlational areas to be discovered.

Boolean search: Current state and perspectives

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery I. Frants ◽  
Jacob Shapiro ◽  
Isak Taksa ◽  
Vladimir G. Voiskunskii
Keyword(s):  
Current State ◽  
Boolean Search

scholarly journals Exploring the factors that affect new graduates’ transition from students to health professionals: a systematic integrative review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e033734
Author(s):  
Eric Nkansah Opoku ◽  
Lana Van Niekerk ◽  
Lee-Ann Jacobs-Nzuzi Khuabi
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Reference List ◽  
New Graduates ◽  
New Graduate ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Boolean Search ◽  
Review Protocol

IntroductionTo become a competent health professional, the nature of new graduates’ transition plays a fundamental role. The systematic integrative review will aim to identify the existing literature pertaining to the barriers during transition, the facilitators and the evidence-based coping strategies that assist new graduate health professionals to successfully transition from students to health professionals.Methods and analysisThe integrative review will be conducted using Whittemore and Knafl’s integrative review methodology. Boolean search terms have been developed in consultation with an experienced librarian, using Medical Subject Heading terms on Medline. The following electronic databases have been chosen to ensure that all relevant literature are captured for this review: PubMed, EBSCOhost (including Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline, Academic Search Premier, Health Science: Nursing and Academic Edition), Scopus and Web of Science. A follow-up on the reference list of selected articles will be done to ensure that all relevant literature is included. The Covidence platform will be used to facilitate the process.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this integrative review since the existing literature will be synthesised. The integrative review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal once all the steps have been completed. The findings will also be presented at international and national conferences to ensure maximum dissemination.

A Comprehensive Systematic Review In Search Of Evidence for Pragmatic Altercations in Simplified Denture

2020 ◽  
pp. 232020682095396
Author(s):  
Saloni Kachhara ◽  
Deepak Nallaswamy ◽  
Dhanraj M. Ganapathy ◽  
Subhabrata Maiti
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Complete Dentures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Boolean Search ◽  
Gothic Arch

Aim: To explore the evidence available to evaluate if simplified dentures could be as effective as the conventional complete dentures. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,482 articles were obtained using keywords in a Boolean search operator in the PubMed search engine, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library. Duplicates were removed and the remaining articles were subjected to a title analysis which yielded a total of 20. Further analysis of the article abstracts led to an exclusion of four articles. The remaining 16 articles were subjected to full text analysis which finally yielded a total of 11 articles. Results: The cumulative results of the meta-analysis for oral health-related quality of life, patient satisfaction and professional quality of denture show no significant difference ( P > .05) between conventional and simplified dentures. Conclusion: Based on the available evidence adjusted for the potential literature/geographic bias, we conclude that the conventional procedures in complete denture fabrication such as facebow and gothic arch tracing do not improve the quality of the denture outcome from patients’ perspective and simplified dentures are equally effective as conventional complete dentures.

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