scholarly journals Semantic type qualifiers

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Chin ◽  
Shane Markstrum ◽  
Todd Millstein
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Type

Speech Acts in Discourse Context

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craige Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Language Game ◽  
Illocutionary Force ◽  
Semantic Type ◽  
Discourse Context ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
Consensus View ◽  
Grammatical Mood ◽  
The Relationship

This essay sketches an approach to speech acts in which mood does not semantically determine illocutionary force. The conventional content of mood determines the semantic type of the clause in which it occurs, and, given the nature of discourse, that type most naturally lends itself to a particular type of speech act, i.e. one of the three basic types of language game moves—making an assertion (declarative), posing a question (interrogative), or proposing to one’s addressee(s) the adoption of a goal (imperative). There is relative consensus about the semantics of two of these, the declarative and interrogative; and this consensus view is entirely compatible with the present proposal about the relationship between the semantics and pragmatics of grammatical mood. Hence, the proposal is illustrated with the more controversial imperative.

Force and Conversational States

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Murray ◽  
William B. Starr
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Language Game ◽  
Illocutionary Force ◽  
Semantic Type ◽  
Grammatical Mood

This essay sketches an approach to speech acts in which mood does not semantically determine illocutionary force. The conventional content of mood determines the semantic type of the clause in which it occurs, and, given the nature of discourse, that type most naturally lends itself to serving as a particular type of speech act, that is, to serving as one of the three basic types of language game moves-making an assertion (declarative); posing a question (interrogative); or proposing to one’s addressee(s) the adoption of a goal (imperative). This type of semantics for grammatical mood is illustrated with the imperative.

Reflexive nominal compounds

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekkehard König
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Semantic Type ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Transitive Verbs ◽  
Nominal Compounds ◽  
Multiple Uses ◽  
Semantic Types

This paper presents a detailed analysis of reflexive nominal compounds like self-assessment in English and their counterparts in nine other languages, whose number and use has strongly increased in these languages over the last several decades. The first component of these compounds is shown to be related to intensifiers like selbst in German and its cognate form self- in English, whose multiple uses also underlie different semantic types of reflexive compounds (self-help vs. self-control), whereas the second component typically derives from transitive verbs. Among the central problems discussed in this paper are the question of the productivity of these compounds and the possibility of deriving their meaning in a compositional fashion. The parameters of variation manifested by the sample of languages under comparison in this pilot study concern inter alia the form of the intensifier (native or borrowed, one or two), the semantic type, and the lexical category of the resultant compound.

scholarly journals Identification features of the minutes of interrogation and ways of authorship examination

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Elena E. Abramkina
Keyword(s):  
Current Paper ◽  
Authorship Attribution ◽  
Features Selection ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Semantic Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Authorship Analysis

Forensic authorship analysis is a frequently used technique to identify the real author of an arguable document. Often enough, under study are interrogation minutes. This kind of text is difficult for examination because of its stylistic and genre characteristics: formal phrases and structure as well as different author and compiler of the document. The above features restrict the use of some levels of language analysis. This issue, however, is poorly covered in specialist literature, with only a few articles related to it. The current paper describes the main discursive features of interrogation minutes used in authorship expertise. First we look at conventional techniques of authorship expertise and discuss their limitations. Special attention is given to the analysis of the interrogation minutes genre characteristics and their influence on the whole set of identifiers. The analysis of several conventional interrogation minutes techniques singled out two central tendencies in the authorship attribution: an identification features selection with new identifiers being added. The aim of the article is to propose a solution to the problem. Our technique is based on the methods of The Federal Ministry of the Interior, but it also takes into account genre charecteristics of the interrogation minutes. A new classification of identifiers has been developed. Additional features are offered to improve the attribution accuracy. These are clarifications, which are classified according to the semantic type of the object. In the article clarifications are divided into six types and a few subtypes and are also divided into low and high informative ones. The analysis of clarification is illustrated with the example of three different interrogation minutes. The concluding part of the article is concerned with the techniques of the interrogation minutes used in authorship expertise description, materials requirements and the steps of the analysis.

scholarly journals Object Clauses in Academic Discourse: Genre Preferences

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-286
Author(s):  
Tatiana Ivanovna Steksova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Semantic Type ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Subordinate Clauses ◽  
Academic Texts ◽  
Genre Preferences ◽  
Article Abstract

The author of the article understands object clauses as a semantic type of sentences with a set of different ways of expressing semantics: polypredicative subordinate clauses, asyndetic clauses, monopredicative clauses, clauses with parenthesis. It is suggested that the set of constructions used in academic discourse depends on the genre of the academic text. The genres of article abstracts and thesis summaries as secondary texts (texts about texts) were chosen as a material for a comparative study. The author reveals the incomplete paradigm of object clauses in secondary academic texts. The analyzed language material allows us to state that the genre of the academic article abstract does not use the entire paradigm of the ways of expressing explanatory semantics, choosing only two models as the basic ones, with a higher frequency of the monopredicative model. In the genre of thesis summaries there is a lower frequency of monopredicative clauses with deliberative semantics and a higher frequency of polypredicative subordinate clauses containing hidden reflection of the author of the text. The analyzed material indicates that the hidden author’s reflection is more often manifested through the use of quasi-impersonal sentences. The author of the article believes that there is a tendency in the analyzed genres towards increasing impersonality, the elimination of the subjective author’s position, and the desire to objectify the presented information. The research has found out certain constructions which function actively in the genre of the academic article, but are not used in article abstracts and thesis summaries. It is noted that not all introducing predicates recorded in the academic literature function in the analyzed genres. This can be explained by the genre affiliation of the texts and their communicative task. The author determines a number of objectives of the further research.

scholarly journals From subjective perspective to subjective text navigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (25) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Valentin N. Stepanov ◽  
◽  
Yuliya N. Varfolomeeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Semantic Type ◽  
Material World ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Personal Meanings ◽  
Pragmatic Information ◽  
Subjective Perspective ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Pragmatic Paradigm

This article considers description as a functional and semantic type of speech from the point of view of the receptive-pragmatic paradigm of research. The authors turn to pragmatic syntax in order to reconstruct the receptive space of the speech subject, their cognitive sphere based on pragmatically (connotatively) «charged» signs and to actualize the implicitly expressed meaning of the statement with their help. The methodological basis of the study is the referential analysis, which helps to reconstruct a set of initial situations (referential space), and contextual analysis, through which the pragmatic information and personal meanings belonging to the cognitive sphere of the speech subject (receptive space) are explicated. Special attention is paid to the triadic opposition «figure – micro-context – referential space» – «background – macro-context – receptive space». The conceptual triad «figure – micro-context – referential space» is related to the material world and its representations in the text, and in this respect belongs to the conceptual field of semantic syntax. On the contrary, the conceptual triad «background – macro-context – receptive space» enables to reconstruct the cognitive sphere of the speech subject and its representation in speech, in particular, the attitude of the speech subject to what they see, feel and think, how their ideas about the original (referent) situation develop, and refer to the material sphere and conceptual field of pragmatic syntax. This triadic opposition helps to consider the subjective navigation of the text as a modification of its subjective perspective. Subjective text navigation represents implicit (not clearly expressed) ways of orientation in the cognitive sphere of the speech subject and is designed to direct the reader's attention, their perception of different levels of explicitly and implicitly expressed meanings through pragmatic localizers of the speech subject's discourse intention.

scholarly journals The Specific Role of Verb “To Carry” in Balinese

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Pristina Pidada ◽  
Mirsa Umiyati ◽  
Ni Wayan Kasni
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Specific Role ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Semantic Type ◽  
Semantic Roles ◽  
Grammatical Categories ◽  
Intimate Relation ◽  
Semantic Types ◽  
Research Show

A number of studies on verbs as one of the linguistic grammatical categories, serving to desccribe events, have been to explore in depth their more distinct types according to their semantic primitives under the natural semantic metalanguage theory approach. This research aims is to features the semantic types and specific roles of the verb ‘to carry’ in Balinese from the natural semantic metalanguage theory perspective. This study is a qualitative study. The semantic types of the verb in question was first classified in order to ease the identification of their specific semantic roles. The results of research show type of semantic roles were restricted to agent for the arguments serving as an actor of the activity described with the each of semantic type of the verb ‘to carry’ and patient for those serving as target of the said activity. This research discloses a 21 type of Balinese verbs which semantically have an intimate relation to the verb ‘to carry’; they are nèngtèng, ningting, nyangkol, nyangkil, nyuun, negen, ngandong, nenggolong, nyelet, nyelepit, ngabin, nampa, ngundit, nangal, nandan, nyekel, nikul, ngenyang, mundut, nyunggi, dan ngayot.

Méthode D'analyse des Connecteurs du Français en Vue D'un Traitement Automatique

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-380
Author(s):  
Renata Kozlowska-Heuchin
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Processing ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Complex Sentence ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Semantic Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Semantic Types ◽  
Semantic Typology ◽  
Semantic Properties

The subject of this article is the analysis of clauses of aim, cause, consequence and condition in French in view to the automatic processing. Our theoretical framework is that of lexicon-grammar. This study differs from the usual grammatical analyses. Here, the complex sentence is studied on the model of the simple sentence, defined as an operator accompanied by its arguments. The conjunctive phrase is our starting point for this study, and it is then shown that the noun around which it is formed, is of predicative type and has the main clause and the subordinate as arguments. This is a predicate «of second order». Automatic processing requires extremely accurate notation of syntactic and semantic properties if ambiguity and polysemy are to be correctly handled. Those descriptions based on syntactico-semantic features are insufficient, which is why the concept of « class of objects » is brought in. There are as many types of relations as there are semantic types of predicate. This is the reason why a semantic typology of predicates is sketched out, integrating lexical, syntactic and semantic components. It is shown that each semantic type can have its own appropriate lexical means of expression and specific syntactic behaviour.

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