scholarly journals On <i>Arcacythere</i> Hornibrook, 1952 (Cytheracea, Ostracoda, Crustacea), a senior synonym of <i>Rockallia</i> Whatley, Frame & Whittaker, 1978

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ayress
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Deep Sea Sediments ◽  
Emended Diagnosis

Abstract. The type specimens of Arcacythere chapmani Hornibrook, 1952 (the type species of Arcacythere Hornibrook, 1953; Tertiary, New Zealand) have been re-examined and are shown to have internal carapace features identical to those of Rockallia Whatley, Frame &amp; Whittaker, 1978. Rockallia is known from Cenozoic deep-sea sediments worldwide and from the Oligocene and Miocene of northwestern Europe. The external carapace morphologies of Arcacythere and Rockallia show only minor distribution of the fossae. Rockallia is, therefore, shown to be a subjective junior synonym of Arcacythere. An emended diagnosis of A. chapmani is given.

THE IDENTITY OF SOME GENERA OF SYRPHINI (DIPTERA: SYRPHIDAE) DESCRIBED BY MATSUMURA

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. 1075-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Vockeroth
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Senior Synonym

AbstractA study of the type specimens of species of Syrphini described by Matsumura in 1917 shows that Macrosyrphus is a junior synonym of Metasyrphus Matsumura, Mesosyrphus is a junior synonym of Melangyna Verrall, and Parasyrphus is a senior synonym of Phalacrodira Enderlein. Incorrect designations of type-species for Episyrphus and Stenosyrphus are noted.

Redescription of the ‘older Adelopsis’ species (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae: Ptomaphagini) based on the analysis of type specimens

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4696 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-62
Author(s):  
PEDRO GNASPINI ◽  
STEWART B. PECK
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
The Status ◽  
Species Groups

As preparation for a revision of the Neotropical genera Adelopsis Portevin, 1907, Paulipalpina Gnaspini and Peck, 1996, and Parapaulipalpina Gnaspini, 1996, we review and redescribe the earlier named species and code characters of their genitalia. These characters are then used to redefine species groups. We review the following 22 “older” species: Adelopsis ascutellaris (Murray, 1856) (male lectotype here designated); Adelopsis aspera Jeannel, 1936; Adelopsis asperoides Szymczakowski, 1963; Adelopsis azzalii Szymczakowski, 1975 (here raised to specific status—previously as Adelopsis brunnea azzalii); Adelopsis bellator Szymczakowski, 1968; Adelopsis benardi (Portevin, 1923); Adelopsis brasiliensis Jeannel, 1936; Adelopsis brevicollis Szymczakowski, 1975 (here raised to specific status—previously as Adelopsis brunnea brevicollis); Adelopsis bruchi (Pic, 1926) (male lectotype here designated); Adelopsis darwini Jeannel, 1936; Adelopsis grouvellei Jeannel, 1936; Adelopsis heterocera Portevin, 1907 (the type species of Adelopsis, here considered a junior synonym of Adelopsis ruficollis (Portevin, 1903)); Adelopsis insolita Szymczakowski, 1961; Adelopsis luculenta Szymczakowski, 1963; Adelopsis orcina Szymczakowski, 1975 (here raised to specific status—previously as Adelopsis brunnea orcina); Adelopsis ovalis Jeannel, 1936; Adelopsis pteromoria Szymczakowski, 1975 (here raised to specific status—previously as Adelopsis brunnea pteromoria); Adelopsis ruficollis (Portevin, 1903) (male lectotype here designated) (here considered a senior synonym of Adelopsis heterocera Portevin, 1907); Adelopsis triangulifer Szymczakowski, 1961; Parapaulipalpina filicornis (Jeannel, 1936); Paulipalpina dispar (Portevin, 1903) (male lectotype here designated); and Paulipalpina simoni (Portevin, 1903). The status of Adelopsis brunnea Jeannel, 1936 is discussed, and is restricted to a single, nominal subspecies. Specific status is restablished for Adelopsis linaresi Szymczakowski, 1969 (previously as Adelopsis brunnea linaresi). The status of Paulipalpina claudicans (Szymczakowski, 1980) is discussed. To correct published misidentifications in museum collections, we also describe the following nine new species: Adelopsis claudina sp. n., Adelopsis mrazi sp. n., Adelopsis szymczakowskii sp. n., Adelopsis waclawi sp. n., and Paulipalpina jeanneli sp. n. (all from Brazil), Paulipalpina consuelo sp. n. from Peru, Adelopsis portevini sp. n. and Paulipalpina aragua sp. n. from Venezuela, and Paulipalpina coatepec sp. n. from Mexico. Iutururuca Gnaspini, 1993, described as a subgenus of Adelopsis, is here considered a junior synonym of Adelopsis Portevin, 1907, which is defined as having no subgenera. 

Generic Review of New Zealand Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4740 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD A.B. LESCHEN ◽  
CHRIS A. M. REID ◽  
KONSTANTIN S. NADEIN
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Type Material ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Senior Synonym

The leaf beetle subfamily Chrysomelinae is reviewed for New Zealand. The native fauna consists of six genera, three new, all of which are described: Aphilon Sharp, 1876; Caccomolpus Sharp, 1886; Chalcolampra Blanchard, 1853; Mauroda gen. nov.; Nanomela gen. nov.; Zeaphilon gen. nov.. Chalcolampra is the senior synonym of Cyrtonogetus Broun, 1915 (comb. nov.). These genera include 51 species, nine newly described and eight in new combinations, as follows: Caccomolpus laticollis (Broun, 1893) comb. nov., from Aphilon; C. pretiosus (Broun, 1880) comb. nov., from Aphilon; Chalcolampra crassa (Broun, 1915) comb. nov., from Cyrtonogetus; Maurodus arcus sp. nov.; M. cinctiger (Broun, 1921) comb. nov., from Caccomolpus; M. impressus (Broun, 1914) comb. nov., from Aphilon; M. lepidus sp. nov.; M. maculatus (Broun, 1893) comb. nov., from Caccomolpus; M. nunni sp. nov.; M. occiduus sp. nov.; M. ornatus (Broun, 1910) comb. nov., from Caccomolpus; M. owenensis sp. nov.; M. plagiatus (Sharp, 1886) comb. nov., from Caccomolpus; M. supernus sp. nov.; Nanomela tiniheke sp. nov.; Zeaphilon marskeae sp. nov.; Z. mirandum sp. nov.. All 11 species in the genus Maurodus are described and a key given for their identification. Type material of the New Zealand species of Aphilon (10 species), Caccomolpus (14 species) and Chalcolampra (13 species) is reviewed and lectotypes designated for 16 species, as well as M. cinctiger. A type species is designated for Caccomolpus: C. globosus Sharp, 1886. Holotypes are confirmed for 26 species. Seven genera and 13 species of exotic Chrysomelinae also occur in New Zealand and their presence is briefly reviewed. One of these exotics has been misnamed as Paropsisterna variicollis (Chapuis, 1877), a junior synonym of P. cloelia (Stål, 1860) (syn. nov.). A key to all genera of Chrysomelinae in New Zealand is provided. 

The systematics of the spider family Nicodamidae ( Araneae : Amaurpbioidea)

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Harvey
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Irian Jaya ◽  
The Family ◽  
Senior Synonym

A review of the spider family Nicodamidae reveals two subfamilies, Nicodaminae and Megadictyninae, with 29 species. The Nicodaminae contains Nicodamus Simon and six new genera, Ambicodamus, Dimidamus, Durodamus, Litodamus, Novodamus and Oncodamus, from Australia, Papua New Guinea and Irian Jaya. Nicodamus is restricted to N. peregrinus (Walckenaer) and N. mainae, sp. nov.; N. peregrinus is treated as a senior synonym of Theridium semiflavum L. Koch, Centropelma bicolor L. Koch and Ozaleus tarandus Thorell. Ozaleus Thorell is confirmed as a junior synonym of Nicodamus by designation of a lectotype for the type species, 0. tarandus. Durodamus contains one species: D. yeni, sp. nov. (type species). Ambicodamus contains 11 species: A. marae, sp. nov. (type species), A. audax, sp. nov., A. crinitus (L. Koch), comb. nov., A. dale, sp. nov., A. darlingtoni, sp. nov., A. emu, sp. nov., A. kochi, sp. nov., A. leei, sp. nov., A. sororius, sp. nov., A. southwelli, sp. nov. and A. urbanus, sp. nov. Litodamus contains three species: L. hickmani, sp. nov. (type species), L. olga sp. nov. and L. collinus, sp. nov. Dimidamus contains six species: D. dimidiatus (Simon), comb. nov. (type species), D. simoni, sp. nov., D. leopoldi (Roewer), comb. nov., D. arau, sp. nov., D. sero, sp. nov. and D. enaro, sp. nov. Novodamus contains two species: N. nodatus (Karsch), comb. nov. (type species) and N. supernus, sp. nov.; Linyphia meianozantha Urquhart is treated as a junior synonym of N. nodatus. Oncodamus contains two species: 0. bidens (Karsch), comb. nov. (type species) and 0. decipiens, sp. nov. The Megadictyninae, stat. nov., contains two genera from New Zealand, Megadictyna Dahl with M. thilenii Dahl and Forstertyna, gen. nov. with F. marplesi (Forster), comb. nov. Cladistic analysis confirms the division of the family into two subfamilies, and recognises several subgroups within the Nicodaminae: Nicodamus + Durodamus, Ambicodamus + Litodamus, and Novodamus + Oncodamus.

Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Himantigera James, 1982 (Diptera: Stratiomyidae: Sarginae), including the description of two new species and a key to the known species

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4531 (4) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
DIEGO AGUILAR FACHIN ◽  
MARTIN HAUSER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Two New Species

The Neotropical genus Himantigera James in James & McFadden, 1982, is revised. Two new species are described and illustrated—H. amauroptera nov. sp. (Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia), and H. xanthopoda nov. sp. (Mexico, Nicaragua, Costa Rica). Three species are transferred from Himantigera to Sargus Fabricius, 1798—S. dichrous (Schiner, 1868) comb. nov., S. flavoniger Lindner, 1928 comb. rev. and S. fulvithorax (Bigot, 1879) comb. nov. One species is transferred to Microchrysa Loew, 1855—M. splendens (Schiner, 1868) comb. nov. Himantigera jamesi Lindner, 1969 syn. nov. is proposed as a junior synonym of H. superba Lindner, 1949. The type species H. silvestris McFadden, 1982, as well as H. nigrifemorata Macquart, 1847 and H. superba Lindner, are herein redescribed and illustrated. Photographs of the type specimens of these three species are provided. Two unnamed species of Himantigera (sp. A and sp. B) are also described given that they have slight differences, but because we had only one specimen of each species, we did not officially describe them. This updates the total number of extant Himantigera from eight sensu Woodley (2001) to seven species. The species Merosargus apicalis Lindner, 1935, although never referred to the genus Himantigera or Himantoloba McFadden 1970, is also transferred to the genus Sargus. A key to all species of Himantigera and a map expanding geographical distribution of the genus are also presented, with the first records of the genus for Nicaragua, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, Ecuador and Bolivia. 

scholarly journals Recent proposals on nomenclature of dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
International Code ◽  
Alexandrium Catenella ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Code Of Nomenclature ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
International Code Of Nomenclature

The recent proposals to conserve or reject dinoflagellate names are commented. The Nomenclatural Committee for Algae (NCA) recommended to conserve Scrippsiella against Heteraulacus and Goniodoma (proposal #2382). The synonymy of Peridinium acuminatum and Glenodinium trochoideum is highly questionable, and one Steins illustration of Goniodoma acuminatum as type will solve the doubts. An alternative genus and family name for the gonyaulacoid taxa formerly classified in Goniodoma is not provided, and Scrippsiella is a junior synonym of Duboscquodinium. The NCA confirmed Amphidoma acuminata as type species against A. nucula (2577). Stein established Amphidoma nucula as the representative species of the genus, and the poor-defined A. acuminata is associated with higher nomenclatural instability because it is probably a Centrodinium species. The NCA recommended Heterocapsa steinii as type of Heterocapsa (2607). That species name is a junior synonym of Properidinium heterocapsum and Peridinium monas. That taxon and allied species should be placed in Cachonina because Stein proposed Heterocapsa for three species of the Kryptoperidiniaceae. The proposal to conserve Alexandrium against Blepharocysta (2686) is based on that Peridinium splendor-maris is a senior synonym of Alexandrium balechii, currently classified in Gessnerium. Peridinium splendor-maris is a collective name that includes undefined organisms, and no description or illustration corresponded to Alexandrium or Gessnerium. The NCA reported that Alexandrium catenella and A. fundyensis are synonyms, without comments on A. pacificum (2302). The consequence is that one of the five species of that group has not name. Naming taxa should follow the principle of priority and the article 7.3 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, and rejection or conservation of names should be exceptional. Based on a supposed nomenclatural stability, the NCA is creating arbitrariness and instability in naming dinoflagellate taxa based on questionable taxonomical interpretations.

scholarly journals One name to rule them all: Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, ) is senior synonym to fourteen named species

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Lamsdell
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Horseshoe Crabs ◽  
The Subject

One of the oldest fossil horseshoe crabs figured in the literature is Entomolithus lunatus Martin, 1809, a Carboniferous species included in his Petrificata Derbiensia. While the species has generally been included within the genus Belinurus Bronn, 1839, it was recently used as the type species of the new genus Parabelinurus Lamsdell, 2020. However, recent investigation as to the appropriate authority for Belinurus (see Lamsdell and Clapham, 2021) revealed that all the names in Petrificata Derbiensia were suppressed in Opinion 231 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1954) for being consistently nonbinomial under Article 11.4 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999). Despite the validation of several species names for anthozoans, brachiopods, and cephalopods described in Petrificata Derbiensia in subsequent rulings (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1956a, b), Belinurus lunatus has not been the subject of any subsequent Commission ruling or opinion, and so its use in Petrificata Derbiensia remains suppressed. The Belinurus lunatus species name was used in several subsequent publications during the 1800s, none of which made the name available under ICZN article 11.5; Parkinson (1811) is also suppressed for being nonbinomial, while Woodward (1830), Buckland (1837), Bronn (1839), and Baily (1859) refer to the species only as a synonym of Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, 1837) through citation to the suppressed Pretificata Derbiensia. The first author to make Belinurus lunatus an available name was Baldwin (1905), who used the name in reference to a new figured specimen from Sparth Bottoms, Rochdale, UK, but again as an explicit junior synonym of Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, 1837). Therefore, it was not until Eller (1938) treated B. lunatus as a distinct species from B. trilobitoides that B. lunatus became an available name as per ICZN Article 11.6.1 under the authorship of Baldwin (1905) following ICZN Article 50.7.

On the need to follow rigorously the Rules of the Code for the subsequent designation of a nucleospecies (type species) for a nominal genus which lacked one: the case of the nominal genus Trimeresurus Lacépède, 1804 (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2992 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-51
Author(s):  
PATRICK DAVID ◽  
GERNOT VOGEL ◽  
ALAIN DUBOIS
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Current Content

This paper analyzes the consequences of the non-respect of the Rules of the Code to ascertain the valid subsequent designation of the nucleospecies (type species) of the nominal genus Trimeresurus Lacépède, 1804. The long accepted designation was invalid because it was based on a nominal species which was not among the prenucleospecies (originally included species) of the nominal genus. In contrast with the commonly accepted viewpoint which makes the Indian taxon Coluber gramineus Shaw, 1802 the nucleospecies of the genus, we show that this role is played by Trimeresurus viridis Lacépède, 1804, a species inhabiting the Lesser Sunda Islands and Timor and, as a nomen oblitum, a senior synonym of Trimeresurus albolabris insularis Kramer, 1977, a taxon now considered a distinct species. The important nomenclatural implications of this finding are discussed here, especially with regard to the recent splitting of the genus Trimeresurus. The generic nomen Trimeresurus should be associated with the Trimeresurus albolabris group of species currently placed in the genus or subgenus Cryptelytrops Cope, 1860. A lectophoront (lectotype) is selected and described for Trimeresurus viridis Lacépède, 1804. Coluber viridis Bechstein, 1802 is an invalid objective junior synonym of Coluber gramineus Shaw, 1802. The current content of the genus Trimeresurus and of its eight subgenera is provided. Some clarifications or improvements to the Code are suggested.

The weevil genus Trigonopterus Fauvel (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) and its synonyms—a taxonomic study on the species tied to its genus-group names

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2977 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER RIEDEL
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Taxonomic Study

The genus Trigonopterus Fauvel, 1862 is briefly diagnosed. At present, four junior subjective synonyms of the genus exist: Idotasia Pascoe, 1871, Eurysia Pascoe, 1885, Mimidotasia Voss, 1960 (syn. n.), and Microgymnapterus Voss, 1960 (syn. n.). Trigonopterus vossi nom.n. is proposed as a replacement name of the secondary homonym T. submetallicus (Voss, 1960) nec T. submetallicus Marshall, 1921, and T. micros nom.n. to replace T. minutus (Voss, 1960: 327) nec T. minutus (Voss, 1960: 341). Idotasia nasuta Pascoe is designated type species of Idotasia. Lectotypes are designated for the following names: Eurysia fulvicornis Pascoe, Idotasia ebriosa Pascoe, Idotasia elliptica Pascoe, Idotasia inclusa Pascoe, Idotasia nasuta Pascoe, Idotasia scaphioides Pascoe, and Microgymnapterus minutus Voss. The type species of Trigonopterus, Eurysia, Mimidotasia and Microgymnapterus, as well as the five species included in Pascoe´s original description of Idotasia are redescribed: T. ebriosus (Pascoe), T. ellipticus (Pascoe), T. fulvicornis (Pascoe), T. inclusus (Pascoe), T. insignis Fauvel, T. micros nom.n., T. nasutus (Pascoe), T. scaphioides (Pascoe), and T. vossi nom.n.. Trigonopterus egenus (Pascoe) is recognized as a junior synonym of T. scaphioides (Pascoe), syn.n.. Trigonopterus oblitus sp.n., is described based on specimens labeled as paratypes of Microgymnapterus minutus. Douttia basimaculata Voss 1960 is transferred to Trigonopterus: T. basimaculatus (Voss) comb.n.. Trigonopterus insignis Fauvel is endemic to New Caledonia, T. fulvicornis (Pascoe) to Sulawesi; the remaining species treated herein are restricted to parts of New Guinea and Maluku. The record of T. egenus (Pascoe) for New Zealand is incorrect.

The fossil mite family Archaeorchestidae (Acari, Oribatida) II: redescription of Plategeocranus sulcatus and family-group relationships

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3051 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
EKATERINA A. SIDORCHUK ◽  
ROY A. NORTON
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
The World ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Group Relationships ◽  
Mite Family ◽  
Direct Investigation

The oribatid mite family Archaeorchestidae was proposed based on a single specimen of Archaeorchestes minguezae Arillo & Subías, 2000, from Lower Cretaceous amber (Spain). In a previous paper we redescribed Strieremaeus illibatus Sellnick, 1918, from Eocene Baltic and Rovno amber, and considered Strieremaeus a senior synonym of Archaeorchestes. Herein, we transfer a second genus, Plategeocranus, to Archaeorchestidae. This is based on a redescription of the type species, P. sulcatus (Karsch, 1884), using non-type specimens (44 adults and 2 immatures from Baltic and Rovno ambers). Among these are eight Baltic amber specimens identified by Max Sellnick and currently housed in two museums in Kaliningrad: from the Museum of the World Ocean we designate specimen #39 as neotype and specimens 22, 30, 33, 35 and 37 as paraneotypes; from the Kaliningrad Museum of Amber we designate specimens 197-22 and 197-54 as paraneotypes. The contention of Arillo and Subías that Archaeorchestidae is a member of Zetorchestoidea (Eremaeoidea auct.), and is the extinct sister-family of Zetorchestidae, is supported with additional characters that relate to leg setation and the morphology of immatures. The possible inclusion of another Cretaceous fossil mite, Rasnitsynella punctulata Krivolutsky, in Archaeorchestidae or Zetorchestoidea was rejected, leaving it in Plateremaeidae pending the direct investigation of specimens. New diagnoses are presented for Plategeocranus, Archaeorchestidae, and Zetorchestoidea.

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