Pyroclastic deposits and lava flows from the 1759-1774 eruption of El Jorullo, Mexico: aspects of "violent strombolian" activity and comparison with Paricutin

2018 ◽  
pp. 105-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott K. Rowland ◽  
Z. Jurado-Chichay ◽  
W.G. Ernst ◽  
G.P.L. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flows ◽  
Pyroclastic Deposits ◽  
Strombolian Activity ◽  
Violent Strombolian

Basaltic scoria textures from a zoned conduit as precursors to violent Strombolian activity

Geology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cimarelli ◽  
F. Di Traglia ◽  
J. Taddeucci
Keyword(s):  
Strombolian Activity ◽  
Violent Strombolian

Drawing igneous outcrops

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-140
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Genge
Keyword(s):  
Summit Crater ◽  
Worked Examples ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Mount Etna ◽  
Pyroclastic Deposits ◽  
Fundamental Component ◽  
The Earth

Igneous rocks are a fundamental component of the Earth and are commonly encountered during geological fieldwork. This chapter describes techniques used to draw field sketches of intrusions and volcanic features, such as lava flows, volcanic craters, and pyroclastic sequences. The most important features of igneous rocks to record are discussed. Recording the nature of contacts is particularly important in drawing igneous outcrops, in particular cross-cutting relationships that relate to emplacement timing. Four worked examples of field sketches of igneous geology are provided to illustrate concepts in their description in during fieldwork. These include the summit crater of Vesuvius, lava flows from Mount Etna, and pyroclastic deposits from Santorini.

The Geology of North-East Jan Mayen

1955 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Pyroclastic Deposits ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern

AbstractField observations collected on a short expedition to Jan Mayen indicate that ankaramite was extruded at three different periods at the north-eastern end of the island, either as lava flows or pyroclastic deposits. Cycles of volcanic activity, in which the earlier lavas are ankaramite and the later ones trachybasaltic, have been recognized.

scholarly journals Geology, Petrology and Amazing Geoforms of the Late Cenozoic Volcanic Province Erusheti Plateau (Lesser Caucasus) Georgia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
B. Tutberidze ◽  
M. Akhalkatsishvili
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flows ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Late Cenozoic ◽  
Pyroclastic Deposits ◽  
Volcanic Province ◽  
Tectonic Plates ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Lesser Caucasus ◽  
Southern Georgia ◽  
The Given

These Erusheti Plateau is an integral part of the volcanic highland of Southern Georgia. It is located northern part of the Lesser Caucasus in the convergence zone of the Afro-Arabian and Eurasian lithosphere tectonic plates. The territory is almost totally covered with strong volcanic and volcano-sedimentary formations of Goderdzi suite with different lithologies and facies. The suite is formed in the Late Miocene - Early Pliocene Age, about from 11.8±4 to 13.6±3.1 Ma. Erusheti Plateau overall, are not characterized by many centers of eruption; Here we discuss eruption histories of the large polygenic volcanic massive Dokhuz-Puar and a monogenic volcano Datvistskaro are clearly seen among the volcanogenic structures of Erusheti Plateau. The eruption products of Dokhkuz-Puar volcano are dacitic-containing tuff-breccias and lava flows. The activity of Datvistskaro volcano was expressed only by the eruption of pyroclastic deposits containing andesite basalts. The main constituent minerals are: plagi­oclase and hornblende mega-crystals in dacites; augite-olivine and base plagioclase – in andesite basalts. With their geochemical properties, all the rocks of the rocks of a calc-alkali series. Dacites and andesite-basalts do not feed from a common magmatic source and consequently, are not the product of differentiation of the same magma. The work is the first to describe the natural amazing natural geoforms developed in pyroclastolites of Datvistskaro volcano: gigantic stone columns, mushroom-shaped stone caps and stone lances.Should be noted that no detailed mine­ralogical-petrological study of the rocks common in the study area has done to date. The main purpose of the given work is filling this gap.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dates for Lava Flows and Pyroclastic Deposits on São Miguel, Azores

Radiocarbon ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B Moore ◽  
Meyer Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flows ◽  
Geologic Mapping ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Pyroclastic Deposits ◽  
Pyroclastic Surge ◽  
Mafic Lava ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Lacustrine Deposits ◽  
Pumice Fall ◽  
Entire Island

We report 63 new radiocarbon analyses of samples from São Miguel, the largest (ca 62 × 13km) and most populous (ca 150,000 inhabitants) island in the Azores archipelago (Fig 1). The samples are mainly carbonized tree roots and other plant material collected from beneath 20 mafic lava flows and spatter deposits and from within and beneath 42 trachytic pyroclastic flow, pyroclastic surge, mudflow, pumice-fall, and lacustrine deposits and lava flows. One calcite date is reported. The samples were collected during geologic mapping of the entire island (Moore, in press A; sample locations are shown on this map). Nine 1:25,000-scale topographic maps, published in 1983 by the Portuguese Army Cartographic Service, cover the island; samples and locations described below refer to these named sheets.

Petrologic diversity of Plio-Quaternary post-subduction volcanism in northwestern Mexico: An example from Isla San Esteban, Gulf of California

2008 ◽  
Vol 179 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Calmus ◽  
Carlos Pallares ◽  
René C. Maury ◽  
Hervé Bellon ◽  
Efrén Pérez-Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Thermal Flux ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Calc Alkaline ◽  
Pyroclastic Deposits ◽  
Extensional Tectonic ◽  
Tectonic Framework ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
Sketch Map ◽  
Slab Window

Abstract During the Plio-Quaternary, numerous volcanic centres of contrasted compositions were emplaced in the Baja California Peninsula and adjacent Gulf of California. The 43 km2 Isla San Esteban (28o 42 N and 112o 34’ W), located in the central part of the gulf near the Pliocene extinct spreading centre of Lower Tiburón basin, is mostly made of andesitic, dacitic and rhyolitic subaerial lava flows, domes, and pyroclastic deposits. A new geological sketch map of the island is presented, as well as new K-Ar ages ranging from 4.5 to 2.5 Ma. Isla San Esteban lavas belong to two nearly contemporaneous magmatic series emplaced within an extensional tectonic framework related to the continental breakoff followed by the progressive oceanization along the Gulf of California. The first one is medium-K calc-alkaline, and its magmas evolved from basaltic andesites to rhyolites by fractionation of plagioclase, pyroxenes, titanomagnetite and apatite. The second one includes genuine adakites, and dacites derived from them through separation of plagioclase plus amphibole. We propose that these adakites originated from the partial melting of oceanic crust slivers, incorporated to the subcontinental lithospheric mantle during the Late Miocene opening of a slab window followed by the detachment of the deep part of the Farallon slab. The high thermal flux linked to the opening of the Gulf would have triggered their melting, as well as that of the subduction-modified mantle, which represents the likely source of the associated calc-alkaline lavas.

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