Chapter 19 Methane gas hazard

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 457-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Wilson ◽  
Sarah Mortimer
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Modelling ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Element Modelling ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Site Model ◽  
Conceptual Site Model ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
Gas Hazard ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

AbstractThis paper identifies potential sources, and the key chemical properties, of methane. Guidance is provided on deriving a conceptual site model for methane, utilizing various lines of evidence to inform a robust, scientific, reasoned and logical assessment of associated gas risk. Discussion is provided regarding the legislative context of permanent gas risk assessment for methane, including via qualitative, semi-quantitative and detailed quantitative (including finite element modelling) techniques. Strategies for mitigating risks associated with methane are also outlined, together with the legal context for consideration of methane both in relation to the planning regime and under Part 2A of the Environmental Protection Act 1990.

APPLICATION OF STRUT-TIE-METHOD (STM) TO RETROFIT AN EXISTING FOUNDATION ANCHORAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Pradip Khan ◽  
Lei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Modelling ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Base Plate ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Element Modelling ◽  
Strut And Tie ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Strut And Tie Model ◽  
Machine Base

A strut-and-tie model (STM) is an ultimate strength design method based on the formation of a hypothetical truss elements that transmit forces from loading points to supports. The STM utilizes concrete struts to resist compression and reinforcing ties to carry tension. Design using STM involves calculating the required amount of reinforcement to serve as the tension ties and then checking that the compressive struts and nodal zone (joints) are adequate to support the forces. A key advantage of design using STM is that the designer can visualize the flow of stresses in the member. This paper presents the basic concepts, assumptions and approaches using STM to perform the calculation and design for the existing foundation anchor retrofit based on a real application in high seismic zone. The analysis also includes up-to-date finite element modelling techniques for the machine base plate the anchor rods connection to the concrete foundation subjected to large forces (tension and shear).

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