scholarly journals Flattening of Distribution of Large Transverse Energy Production in High Energy Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions

1986 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 956-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ochiai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Transverse Energy ◽  
High Energy

TRANSVERSE ENERGY PRODUCTION IN LIGHT AND HEAVY ION INTERACTIONS

1989 ◽  
Vol 04 (14) ◽  
pp. 3377-3476 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. TANNENBAUM
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Transverse Energy ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Distributions ◽  
Elementary Particle Physics ◽  
Ion Interactions ◽  
The Subject

Transverse energy distributions have proved to be useful in the understanding of reaction mechanisms of relativistic heavy ion interactions. The development of the subject is traced from its roots in elementary particle physics. A review and analysis of the data from recent measurements in high energy heavy ion beams at CERN and Brookhaven is presented.

Transverse energy and forward energy production in a high energy nuclear collision model

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 748-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Ye Zhang ◽  
Xiaochun He ◽  
Chia C. Shih ◽  
Soren P. Sorensen ◽  
Cheuk-Yin Wong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Transverse Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nuclear Collision ◽  
Collision Model ◽  
Forward Energy ◽  
High Energy Nuclear Collision

scholarly journals Charged Particle, Photon Multiplicity, and Transverse Energy Production in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghunath Sahoo ◽  
Aditya Nath Mishra ◽  
Nirbhay K. Behera ◽  
Basanta K. Nandi
Keyword(s):  
Charged Particle ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Transverse Energy ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Initial Energy ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Limiting Fragmentation

We review the charged particle and photon multiplicities and transverse energy production in heavy-ion collisions starting from few GeV to TeV energies. The experimental results of pseudorapidity distribution of charged particles and photons at different collision energies and centralities are discussed. We also discuss the hypothesis of limiting fragmentation and expansion dynamics using the Landau hydrodynamics and the underlying physics. Meanwhile, we present the estimation of initial energy density multiplied with formation time as a function of different collision energies and centralities. In the end, the transverse energy per charged particle in connection with the chemical freeze-out criteria is discussed. We invoke various models and phenomenological arguments to interpret and characterize the fireball created in heavy-ion collisions. This review overall provides a scope to understand the heavy-ion collision data and a possible formation of a deconfined phase of partons via the global observables like charged particles, photons, and the transverse energy measurement.

Assessing desalination as a sustainable alternative using a multiple criteria decision support model

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Fernandes ◽  
M. C. Almeida ◽  
A. G. Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Decision Support Model

Desalination technologies provide an alternative for potable water production, having significant potential for application where fresh water scarcity exists. Potential benefits have to be balanced with other factors, such as high costs, high energy consumption, and significant environmental impacts, for the understanding of real risks and gains of desalination within the context of integrated water resources management. Multiple factors can be considered when analysing the viability of a desalination project but often a limited approach is used. The complexity in the analysis lies in finding the alternatives that obey to multiple objectives (e.g. reduced environmental impact, social acceptance, less cost associated). In this paper, development of a methodology based on multiple criteria decision support system for the evaluation and ranking the potential of desalination technologies is described and applied to a Portuguese case study. Relevant factors to the selection of desalination technologies were identified using SWOT analysis and the MACBETH (Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique) approach was applied. Technical alternatives considered include reverse osmosis and multi-effect desalination (MED), together with energy production by fossil fuels or solar energy. Production of water by conventional approaches was also considered. Results, for non-economic benefits, show higher score for MED solar but, in the cost-benefit analysis, conventional methods of water production have higher ranking since costs of renewable energies are not yet competitive. However, even if not preferred in economic terms, desalination is ranked significantly above the conventional approaches for non-economic criteria.

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