Recent Application of the Various Nanomaterials and Nanocatalysts for the Heavy Metals’ Removal from Wastewater

NANO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (09) ◽  
pp. 1830006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Ghaffari Khaligh ◽  
Mohd Rafie Johan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metals Removal ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials

The pollution of water due to the release of heavy metals are particularly problematic and supplies of clean water have become a major problem worldwide. The heavy metal ions can cause toxicities and serious side effects toward human health; therefore, these metal ions should be removed from water and wastewater. A variety of strategies have been developed for efficient heavy metal removal from waters. Adsorption/ion exchange strategy play a great important role in removing heavy metal ions due to their advantages. Nanomaterials are excellent adsorbents and extensive studies have been performed to remove heavy metals from wastewater by developing and using various nanomaterials. Recent developments for the heavy metals removal by various nanomaterials, mainly including carbon-based nanomaterials, iron-based nanomaterials and photocatalytic nanomaterials in batch and flow systems are described in this review.

scholarly journals Comparative Utilization of Dead and Live Fungal Biomass for the Removal of Heavy Metal: A Concise Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Abate Ayele ◽  
Setegn Haile ◽  
Digafe Alemu ◽  
M. Kamaraj
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Cation Binding ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals

Human and industrial activities produce and discharge wastes containing heavy metals into the water resources making them polluted, threatening human health and the ecosystem. Biosorption, the process of passive cation binding by dead or living biomass, represents a potentially cost-effective way of eliminating toxic heavy metals from industrial wastewater. The abilities of microorganisms to remove metal ions in solution have been extensively studied; in particular, live and dead fungi have been recognized as a promising class of low-cost adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions. The biosorption behavior of fungal biomass is getting attention due to its several advantages; hence, it needs to be explored further to take its maximum advantage on wastewater treatment. This review discusses the live and dead fungi characteristics of sorption, factors influencing heavy metal removal, and the biosorption capacities for heavy metal ions removal and also discusses the biosorption mechanisms.

Electrokinetic Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Using Permeable Reactive Composite Electrodes

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Bing Fu ◽  
Xin Xing Liu ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Jin Ma ◽  
Yu Mei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Remediation Process

A new permeable reactive composite electrode (PRCE) attached with a permeable reactive layer (PRL) of Fe0 and zeolite has been developed for soil pH control and the improved removal efficiency of heavy metal ions (Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu) from soil in electrokinetic remediation process. The effects of different composite electrodes on pH control and heavy metal removal efficiency were studied, and changes in the forms of heavy metals moved onto the electrodes were analyzed. The results showed that with acidic/alkaline zeolite added and renewed in time, the composite electrodes could effectively neutralize and capture H+ and OH- produced from electrolysis of the anolyte and catholyte, avoiding or delaying the formation of acidic/alkaline front in tested soil, preventing premature precipitation of heavy metal ions and over-acidification of soil, and thus significantly improved the heavy metal removal efficiency. Fe0 in composite electrodes could deoxidize and stabilize the heavy metal ions. After that capture and immobilization of the pollutants were achieved. The results also showed that, using "Fe0 + zeolite" PRCE in the cathode with timely renewal, after 15-day remediation with a DC voltage of 1.5 V/cm, the total removal rates of Cd, Pb, Cu and Ni were 49.4%, 47.1%, 36.7% and 39.2%, respectively.

scholarly journals Influence of the drying method on the sorption properties the biomass of Chlorella sorokiniana microalgae

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 01051
Author(s):  
Y. Smyatskaya ◽  
A. Toumi ◽  
I. Atamaniuk ◽  
Ia. Vladimirov ◽  
F.K. Donaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Chlorella Sorokiniana ◽  
Microalgae Biomass ◽  
Zinc Cadmium

In this paper, it is proposed to use the biomass of microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana as a biosorbent for wastewater treatment, as well as an oral sorbent. Biosorbents are capable of adsorbing both organic and inorganic compounds, including heavy metals. The sorption capacity depends on the type of aquatic plant and microalgae strain. The use of microalgae and aquatic plants as biosorbents for pollutant treatments is discussed in the introduction part. The biomass of microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana was chosen as the object of this study. The cultivation conditions (temperature, light, pH and aeration) and the optimal biomass harvesting parameters are presented. Dehydration of biomass was carried out in two ways: IR-drying and freeze-drying. The obtained samples were tested for the ability of the biomass to extract heavy metal ions (zinc, cadmium, zinc, copper) from standard solutions. The initial concentration of heavy metal ions in the working solutions was 10 mg/l. Results show that the lyophilized samples demonstrated up to 99.9% of heavy metal removal efficiency. The paper also presents the composition of Chlorella sorokiniana biomass, in which up to 40.97–41.87% are proteins. The analysis of the amino-acid composition showed a ratio of essential to non-essential amino-acids higher than 0.8. All the above results confirm the possibility of using microalgae biomass as an oral sorbent and as an additive in the production of functional foods.

scholarly journals Biohybrid nanofibers containing manganese oxide–forming fungi for heavy metal removal from water

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 155892501989895
Author(s):  
Yaewon Park ◽  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Terrence Gardner ◽  
Drake Johnson ◽  
Aaron Keeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Fungal Hyphae ◽  
Farm Unit

Manganese-oxidizing fungi support bioremediation through the conversion of manganese ions into manganese oxide deposits that in turn adsorb manganese and other heavy metal ions from the environment. Manganese-oxidizing fungi were immobilized onto nanofiber surfaces to assist remediation of heavy metal–contaminated water. Two fungal isolates, Coniothyrium sp. and Coprinellus sp., from a Superfund site (Lot 86, Farm Unit #1) water treatment system were incubated in the presence of nanofibers. Fungal hyphae had strong association with nanofiber surfaces. Upon fungal attachment to manganese chloride–seeded nanofibers, Coniothyrium sp. catalyzed the conformal deposition of manganese oxide along hyphae and nanofibers, but Coprinellus sp. catalyzed manganese oxide only along its hyphae. Fungi–nanofiber hybrids removed various heavy metals from the water. Heavy metal ions were adsorbed into manganese oxide crystalline structure, possibly by ion exchange with manganese within the manganese oxide. Hybrid materials of fungal hyphae and manganese oxides confined to nanofiber-adsorbed heavy metal ions from water.

Heavy metal removal from waste waters by phosphonate metal organic frameworks

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Maranescu ◽  
Lavinia Lupa ◽  
Aurelia Visa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Phosphonic Acid ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Heavy Metals Removal ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Metal Organic

AbstractThe increase attention in the area of phosphonate metal organic framework is exemplified with a variety of applications and a rich chemistry of these compounds. Water pollution caused by heavy metal ions is a major concern due to their toxicity to many life forms. In order to decrease the heavy metals impact upon the environment various technologies of water treatment such as: chemical sedimentation, ion exchange, redox process are studied. The tendency is to find a versatile and economical method of heavy metals removal from waste waters. Phosphonate metal organic frameworks were obtained by the reaction of Ni(CH3COO)2·4H2O, phosphonic acid (phosphonoacetic (CP), vinyl phosphonic acid (VP) and N,N-bis(phosphonomethyl)glycine (Gly)) in hydrothermal conditions. Coordination polymers synthesized were characterized by FTIR, XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The adsorption processes represent a very good alternative for heavy metals removal due to low costs and ease of operation. In the present paper the adsorption performance of the mentioned materials in the removal process of heavy metals from aqueous solutions, was studied using the batch method. The adsorption conditions were investigated by varying the initial pH, contact time and adsorbate initial concentration for chromium metal ions removal from aqueous solutions. It was found that the adsorption efficiency of the studied materials in the removal process of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions is in the following order: Ni-CP<Ni-Gly≤Ni-VP.

Removal of Some Heavy Metals by Electrocoagulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 2882-2890 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Al Anbari ◽  
S. M. Alfatlawi ◽  
J. H. Albaidhani
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Electrolytic Cells ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Working Parameters

Heavy metal removal by electrocoagulation using iron electrodes material was investigated in this paper. Several working parameters, such as pH, current density and heavy metal ions concentration were studied in an attempt to achieve a higher removal capacity. A simple and efficient treatment process for removal of heavy metals is essentially necessary. The performance of continuous flow electrocoagulation system, with reactor consists of a ladder series of twelve electrolytic cells, each cell containing stainless steel cathode and iron anode. The treatment of synthetic solutions containing Zn 2+,Cu 2+,Ni 2+,Cr 3+,Cd 2+ and Co 2+ ,has been investigated. Results showed that iron is very effective as sacrificial electrode material for heavy metals removal efficiency and cost points. Also it was concluded that the chromium has lower efficient removal as compared to zinc, copper and nickel. At the same time cadmium and cobalt have minimum removal efficiency.

INTELLIGENT SOFTWARE ANALYZER DESIGN FOR PARAMETERS EVALUATION OF TERNARY HEAVY METAL IONS REMOVAL BY IMMOBILIZED FUNGAL BIOMASS

2009 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
SVETLA VASSILEVA ◽  
KOLISHKA TSEKOVA ◽  
DARINKA CHRISTOVA ◽  
DESSISLAVA TODOROVA
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Intelligent Software ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions Removal ◽  
Metal Ions Removal

In this paper the fuzzy logic method improved by adaptive learning of a fuzzy inference system, based on anfis, was used to demonstrate a software analyzer design for parameters evaluation of ternary heavy metal ions removal. The studied process was conducted to investigate metal binding ability of the novel hybrid hydrogel, obtained by entrapping Penicillium cyclopium biomass into chemically cross-linked poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) network toward Cu 2+, Co 2+ and Fe 3+ from ternary aqueous solution. The performance of the biosorbent was evaluated by determining the values of heavy metal uptake and heavy metal removal efficiency in the ternary metal mixture. The innovative immobilization technology developed provides an attractive strategy for the developing high-affinity biosorption system for the treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals in low concentration. The obtained results of both — the studied process and software analyzer design and implementation are illustrated and discussed.

scholarly journals Phycoremediation of Wastewater: Heavy Metal and Nutrient Removal Processes

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Anna Kwarciak-Kozłowska ◽  
Lucyna Sławik-Dembiczak ◽  
Bartłomiej Bańka
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Influent Wastewater ◽  
P Removal

Abstract Phycoremediation is the use of algae for the removal or biotrans-formation of pollutants from wastewater. The study is a novel at-tempt to integrate nutrient (N and P) removal and some heavy met-als (iron, manganese and zinc) bioaccumulation from municipal wastewater using two microalgae species: Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus armatus. The Chlorella vulgaris showed higher re-moval of total nitrogen (TN) both in influent and effluent waste water than Scenedesmus armatus. Nevertheless, more than 51% of total phosphorus (TP) in effluent and 36% in influent wastewaters were removed by Scenedesmus armatus. More efficient microalga in heavy metal removal in influent wastewater was Scenedesmus armatus. The results showed that Chlorella vulgaris was appropriate for TN removal and bioaccumulation of heavy metals from effluent wastewater. Nevertheless, Scenedesmus armatus was highly pref-erable for heavy metals removal from influent wastewater.

Environmental remediation of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution through hydrogel adsorption: a critical review

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 983-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Ntumba Muya ◽  
Christopher Edoze Sunday ◽  
Priscilla Baker ◽  
Emmanuel Iwuoha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Potential Toxic Elements ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Heavy metal ions such as Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Mg2+, and Hg2+ from industrial waste water constitute a major cause of pollution for ground water sources. These ions are toxic to man and aquatic life as well, and should be removed from wastewater before disposal. Various treatment technologies have been reported to remediate the potential toxic elements from aqueous media, such as adsorption, precipitation and coagulation. Most of these technologies are associated with some shortcomings, and challenges in terms of applicability, effectiveness and cost. However, adsorption techniques have the capability of effectively removing heavy metals at very low concentration (1–100 mg/L). Various adsorbents have been reported in the literature for this purpose, including, to a lesser extent, the use of hydrogel adsorbents for heavy metal removal in aqueous phase. Here, we provide an in-depth perspective on the design, application and efficiency of hydrogel systems as adsorbents.

Mesoporous MgO/PPG hybrid nanofibers: synthesis, optimization, characterization and heavy metal removal property

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 2013-2029 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Almasian ◽  
F. Najafi ◽  
L. Maleknia ◽  
M. Giahi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Hybrid Nanofibers ◽  
Poly Propylene

In this research, mesoporous magnesium oxide/poly(propylene glycol) (MgO/PPG) hybrid nanofibers were synthesized as a new adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from solutions.

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