Scalable Synthesis of Dual-Carbon Enhanced Silicon-Suboxide/Silicon Composite as Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries

NANO ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (07) ◽  
pp. 1750084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejiao Feng ◽  
Hongmin Cui ◽  
Zhenming Li ◽  
Rongrong Miao ◽  
Nanfu Yan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Capacity Retention ◽  
Initial Capacity

The SiOx/Si composite enhanced by dual-carbon (i.e., multiwall carbon nanotubes and carbon) was fabricated from the micro silicon monoxide (SiO) by the combination of high-energy mechanical milling, spray drying and pyrolysis. The obtained SiOx/Si particles were composed of Si-suboxide and embedded nano-sized Si crystallites. As one of dual-carbons, the multi-walled carbon nanotubes were directly scaffolded of anchoring the SiOx/Si composite particles through spray drying. Another carbon source was directly deposited on the surface of the SiOx/Si by means of the carbonization of phenol–formaldehyde resin. Nano-sized silicon embedded in the Si-suboxide matrix and dual-carbon provided a compromise between the reversible capacity and cycle stability related to the volume change. The obtained SiOx/Si/MWCNT/PC-1 electrode delivered an initial capacity of 936.5[Formula: see text]mAh g[Formula: see text] and the reversible capacity was maintained at 825.9[Formula: see text]mAh g[Formula: see text] with excellent capacity retention of 87.5% on the 200th cycle versus the 6th one (compared with the same current rate). In contrast, although the SiOx/Si presented the higher initial capacity of 1271.4[Formula: see text]mAh g[Formula: see text], its capacity dropped quickly after several cycles and capacity retention was only 25.6% versus the 6th cycle after 100 cycles.

Structure and Electrochemical Performances of LiFePO4/C Composite Cathode Coating with Different Carbon Sources for Lithium Ion Batteries

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 865-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Ling Fan ◽  
Shao Chang Han ◽  
Ling Fang Li ◽  
Yong Mei Bai ◽  
Ke He Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Composite Cathode ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Discharge Capacities

Three kinds of carbon resources, poly(vinyl alcohol), phenol-formaldehyde resin and epoxy resin, were used to prepare the LiFePO4/C composite (LFPC-1, LFPC-2, LFPC-3). XRD patterns show that the LFPC composites possess the typical olivine structure. The particle size and the reunited degree of LFPC-1 are smaller than those of LFPC-2 and LFPC-3. The discharge capacities of LFPC-1 at different C-rates are also much higher than those of the other two samples. Its discharge capacities at 0.1 C and 1 C are 158.8 mAh g-1and 136.20 mAh g-1. Its discharge curve can maintain the stable potential platform of 3.3 V at the rate of 1 C. LFPC-1 possesses the highest electrical conductivity of 5.76×10-2S•cm-1. This is because the ID/IG value of 1.20 in Raman spectra is much lower than that of LFPC-2 and LFPC-3. The selected area electron diffraction in the TEM of LFPC-1 shows directly that the graphitized carbon is formed on the cover surface of LFPC-1 composite.

Characteristics of pyrolyzed phenol-formaldehyde resin as an anode for lithium-ion batteries

1996 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biying Huang ◽  
Yuzhen Huang ◽  
Zhaoxiang Wang ◽  
Liquan Chen ◽  
Rongjian Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin

Phenolic resin-grafted reduced graphene oxide as a highly stable anode material for lithium ion batteries

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 3250-3260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochen Li ◽  
Huaihe Song ◽  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
Jisheng Zhou ◽  
Zhaokun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Graphite Oxide ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Reduced Graphite Oxide

Preparation of phenol formaldehyde resin grafted reduced graphite oxide as an electrode material with highly enhanced electrochemical properties.

Thermal Conductivities and Mechanical Properties of EPDM Filled with Modified Carbon Nanotubes

2013 ◽  
Vol 561 ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian Xiang Ma ◽  
Lin Ma ◽  
Yan He
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Modified Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Properties Of Composites ◽  
Thermal Conductivities

In this article, in order to improve the thermal conductivities and mechanical properties of EPDM filled with carbon nanotubes, phenol formaldehyde resin is used to coat to the surface of carbon nanotubes so as to improve the dispersion in rubber matrix and the combination with EPDM. The results show that with the ratio of CNTs and PF increased, the thermal conductivities of carbon nanotubes/EPDM composites show upward trend. Besides, with the increase of filler content, thermal conductivities of composites are improved as well. However, the mechanical properties of composites are declined. Therefore, more effective methods of modification of carbon nanotubes should be attempted, and more experiments should be conducted to improve mechanical properties of filled EPDM and ensure the high thermal conductivities at the same time.

Fenton/Ultra-Violet Treatment on Carbon Nanotube and its Effects on Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde Resin/Graphite Composite for Bipolar Plate

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 933-938
Author(s):  
Ai Ju Li ◽  
Qiang Yin ◽  
Kang Ning Sun ◽  
Lei Shao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Bipolar Plate ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
Molar Ratios

Using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) treated with Fenton/ultra-violet (UV) as reinforcement and phenol formaldehyde resin/graphite(PF/G) composite as matrix, a new composite for bipolar plate is fabricated by hot-pressing. The effects of different molar ratios of Fe2+ and H2O2 on the surface of the CNTs, the bend strength and conductivity of the composite produced are investigated. It is found that the surface of CNTs will be purer with the decreasing of the concentration of Fe2+; that a large quantity of hydroxyl groups and few carboxyl groups can be brought on the sidewalls of CNTs when the mole match of Fe2+ and H2O2 is 1:40; that the bend strength and conductivity of the composite increase initially and then decrease with the decreasing of mole match of Fe2+ and H2O2; and that the bend strength and conductivity of the composite can reach their best values when the mole match of Fe2+ and H2O2 is 1:40, corresponding 72.5MPa and 185.6 S•cm-1, respectively.

scholarly journals The Effect of High-Energy Ionizing Radiation on the Mechanical Properties of a Melamine Resin, Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin, and Nitrile Rubber Blend

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Kopal ◽  
Juliana Vršková ◽  
Ivan Labaj ◽  
Darina Ondrušová ◽  
Peter Hybler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Nitrile Rubber ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Melamine Resin ◽  
Rubber Blend

Irradiation by ionizing radiation is a specific type of controllable modification of the physical and chemical properties of a wide range of polymers, which is, in comparison to traditional chemical methods, rapid, non-polluting, simple, and relatively cheap. In the presented paper, the influence of high-energy ionizing radiation on the basic mechanical properties of the melamine resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin, and nitrile rubber blend has been studied for the first time. The mechanical properties of irradiated samples were compared to those of non-irradiated materials. It was found that radiation doses up to 150 kGy improved the mechanical properties of the tested materials in terms of a significant increase in stress at break, tensile strength, and tensile modulus at 40% strain, while decreasing the value of strain at break. At radiation doses above 150 kGy, the irradiated polymer blend is already degrading, and its tensile characteristics significantly deteriorate. An radiation dose of 150 kGy thus appears to be optimal from the viewpoint of achieving significant improvement, and the radiation treatment of the given polymeric blend by a beam of accelerated electrons is a very promising alternative to the traditional chemical mode of treatment which impacts the environment.

Purification of water contaminated with heavy metals by example of lead as promising material based on graphene nanostructures

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
N. R. Memetov ◽  
◽  
A. V. Gerasimova ◽  
A. E. Kucherova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Purification Of Water ◽  
Graphene Nanostructures

The paper evaluates the effectiveness of the use of graphene nanostructures in the purification of lead (II) ions to improve the ecological situation of water bodies. The mechanisms and characteristic parameters of the adsorption process were analyzed using empirical models of isotherms at temperatures of 298, 303, 313 and 323 K, which correspond to the following order (based on the correlation coefficient): Langmuir (0.99) > Temkin (0.97) > Dubinin – Radushkevich (0.90). The maximum adsorption capacity of the material corresponds to the range from 230 to 260 mg/g. We research the equilibrium at the level of thermodynamic parameter estimates, which indicates the spontaneity of the process, the endothermic nature and structure change of graphene modified with phenol-formaldehyde resin during the adsorption of lead (II) ions, leading to an increase in the disorder of the system.

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