A Review of Simulation Methods of Laser Matter Interactions Focused on Nanosecond Laser Pulsed Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 1330001 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kaselouris ◽  
I. K. Nikolos ◽  
Y. Orphanos ◽  
E. Bakarezos ◽  
N. A. Papadogiannis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Excitation ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Solid Metal ◽  
Modelling And Simulation ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
Simulation Methods ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Interaction Simulation ◽  
Review Study

A review study of the developments in the field of pulsed laser-solid interaction simulation methods, for moderate laser energies, is presented. The paper is focused on the methods that numerically simulate the interactions of pulsed ns-laser with solid metal targets. Three main regimes for pulsed laser excitation, are well established, namely, the thermoelastic, melting and plasma regimes. The modelling and simulation techniques that may numerically describe these three regimes and the occurring dynamic matter responses are reviewed. Modelling efforts concerning various fields of applications of lasers are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals A Review of Modelling and Simulation Methods for Flashover Prediction in Confined Space Fires

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5609
Author(s):  
Daniel Cortés ◽  
David Gil ◽  
Jorge Azorín ◽  
Florian Vandecasteele ◽  
Steven Verstockt
Keyword(s):  
Modelling And Simulation ◽  
Simulation Methods ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Thermal Cameras ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Enclosure Size

Confined space fires are common emergencies in our society. Enclosure size, ventilation, or type and quantity of fuel involved are factors that determine the fire evolution in these situations. In some cases, favourable conditions may give rise to a flashover phenomenon. However, the difficulty of handling this complicated emergency through fire services can have fatal consequences for their staff. Therefore, there is a huge demand for new methods and technologies to tackle this life-threatening emergency. Modelling and simulation techniques have been adopted to conduct research due to the complexity of obtaining a real cases database related to this phenomenon. In this paper, a review of the literature related to the modelling and simulation of enclosure fires with respect to the flashover phenomenon is carried out. Furthermore, the related literature for comparing images from thermal cameras with computed images is reviewed. Finally, the suitability of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for flashover prediction in enclosed spaces is also surveyed.

scholarly journals Reactive quenching of electronically excited NO<sub>2</sub><sup>∗</sup> and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>∗</sup> by H<sub>2</sub>O as potential sources of atmospheric HO<sub><i>x</i></sub> radicals

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 14005-14015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry J. Dillon ◽  
John N. Crowley
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Laser Excitation ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Rate Coefficients ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Gas Phase Reaction ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Electronically Excited

Abstract. Pulsed laser excitation of NO2 (532–647 nm) or NO3 (623–662 nm) in the presence of H2O was used to initiate the gas-phase reaction NO2∗+H2O → products (Reaction R5) and NO3∗+H2O → products (Reaction R12). No evidence for OH production in Reactions (R5) or (R12) was observed and upper limits for OH production of k5b/k5<1×10-5 and k12b/k12<0.03 were assigned. The upper limit for k5b∕k5 renders this reaction insignificant as a source of OH in the atmosphere and extends the studies (Crowley and Carl, 1997; Carr et al., 2009; Amedro et al., 2011) which demonstrate that the previously reported large OH yield by Li et al. (2008) was erroneous. The upper limit obtained for k12b∕k12 indicates that non-reactive energy transfer is the dominant mechanism for Reaction (R12), though generation of small but significant amounts of atmospheric HOx and HONO cannot be ruled out. In the course of this work, rate coefficients for overall removal of NO3∗ by N2 (Reaction R10) and by H2O (Reaction R12) were determined: k10=(2.1±0.1)×10-11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 and k12=(1.6±0.3)×10-10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1. Our value of k12 is more than a factor of 4 smaller than the single previously reported value.

Broadband Optical Limiting and CCD Sensor Protection From Nanosecond-Pulsed Laser Threat With Reverse Saturable Absorbers

1997 ◽  
Vol 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dentan ◽  
P. Feneyrou ◽  
F. Soyer ◽  
M. Vergnolle ◽  
P. Le Barny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Laser Excitation ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Nanosecond Pulsed Laser ◽  
Optical Limiter ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
Ccd Arrays ◽  
Pulsed Laser Irradiation

AbstractWe study in detail the linear and nonlinear optical properties of a heavy metal substituted naphthalocyanine reverse saturable absorber (RSA). The excited states involved in the RSA process under nanosecond pulsed laser excitation in the visible are fully characterized. We then demonstrate that this material can be used as an efficient optical limiter for protecting silicium CCD arrays from destruction due to nanosecond-pulsed laser irradiation in the visible.

Fabrication of Ni–Al thin films by the pulsed laser deposition technique

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 2639-2642 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.K. Singh ◽  
Deepika Bhattacharya ◽  
S. Sharan ◽  
P. Tiwari ◽  
J. Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Pulsed Laser Deposition ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Target Composition

We have fabricated Ni3Al and NiAl thin films on different substrates by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. A high energy nanosecond laser beam was directed onto Ni–Al (NiAl, Ni3Al) targets, and the evaporated material was deposited onto substrates placed parallel to the target. The substrate temperature was varied between 300 and 400 °C, and the substrate-target distance was maintained at approximately 5 cm. The films were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. At energy densities slightly above the evaporation threshold, a slight enrichment of Al was observed, while at higher energy densities the film stoichiometry was close (<5%) to the target composition. Barring a few particles, the surface of the films exhibited a smooth morphology. X-ray and TEM results corroborated the formation of Ni3Al and NiAl films from similar target compositions. These films were characterized by small randomly oriented grains with grain size varying between 200 and 400 Å.

Time-resolved luminescence of CdGaInS4 under pulsed laser excitation at 30 K

1986 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Colocci ◽  
F. Fermi ◽  
R. Querzoli ◽  
A. Vinattieri
Keyword(s):  
Laser Excitation ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Time Resolved

Lasing efficiency of krypton ions in the (8–14)-nm band upon pulsed laser excitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-413
Author(s):  
A N Nechay ◽  
S A Garakhin ◽  
A Ya Lopatin ◽  
V N Polkovnikov ◽  
D G Reunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Excitation ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Lasing Efficiency
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