THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATION MANPOWER FOR A KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY: THE SINGAPORE APPROACH

2000 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZIQI LIAO ◽  
IRENE KENG-HOWE CHEW
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Education ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Strategic Measures ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Singapore Approach

This article explores the Singapore approach to the strategic development of innovation manpower for the achievement of a knowledge-based economy. The country has placed a great emphasis on the development of science and technology in selected areas since the late 1980s. Substantial resources have been allocated to the promotion of innovation activities and the development of research scientists and engineers. However, the shortage of R&D manpower remains an emerging issue. In addition to encouraging local science and engineering graduates to pursue R&D as their life-long career, both public research institutions and private industry have been recruiting international talents. Furthermore, a number of strategic measures such as R&D assistance schemes, the reform of traditional education systems, cross-sector collaborations and the development of international R&D networks have been implemented in order to strengthen the technological core competence of the country.

scholarly journals To the question of the prospects for the formation of an innovation ecosystem in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 00035
Author(s):  
Zulfia Magrupova ◽  
Kashamida Tazhibekova ◽  
Aigerim Shametova ◽  
Kulzira Abdraimova ◽  
Kyrmyzy Tursyngaliyeva
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Innovation Cycle ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Programs

The article presents the results of research on innovation activity based on the analysis of the directions of innovative development of Kazakhstan and suggests a set of measures, the implementation of which will allow building a connected system of measures for the formation of an innovative ecosystem. The main focus is given to improving the efficiency of innovation activities based on an institutional approach, which is aimed at the formation of a stable system of relationships between participants in the innovation cycle, each of which is individually interested in improving competitiveness based on the use of innovations. The formation of an innovation ecosystem also includes the development of two innovation clusters as the basis for the formation of a knowledge-based economy. Based on the analysis provided, we concluded that the organization of innovative infrastructure did not provide the required pace of innovative development of Kazakhstan for a number of reasons. To date, the Republic has successfully implemented state programs that aim to create conditions for the transition to the fourth industrial revolution. The focus on innovative development remains important and mandatory for achieving the goals set out in the program documents.

QPS — A TOOL FOR QUANTITATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

1996 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 313-322
Author(s):  
F.J. SMITH ◽  
M.V. KRISHNAMURTHY
Keyword(s):  
Object Oriented ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Problem Solver ◽  
Knowledge Based Systems ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Human Interface ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Correct Sequence ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Scientific Laws

An AI tool called the Quantitative Problem Solver (QPS) has been developed for building knowledge based systems which can solve quantitative problems in science and engineering. QPS can store and manipulate quantitative knowledge comprising numerical data and scientific laws represented by formulas. The human interface is based on the symbols commonly used by scientists and engineers. All knowledge is represented as objects and classes in an object-oriented knowledge base. QPS employs the familiar Problem Decomposition strategy for selecting the correct sequence of equations needed for solving problems and it has been tested by the building of knowledge based systems to solve several simple problems in Engineering and Physics.

scholarly journals Do SME’s innovation strategies influence their effectiveness of innovation? Some evidence from the case of Podkarpackie as peripheral region in Poland

Equilibrium ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lewandowska ◽  
Mateusz Stopa
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Peripheral Region ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Innovation Surveys ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Innovation Strategies ◽  
Joint Examination

Research background: Innovation is a very important pillar within a knowledge-based economy, in the regional and local perspective as well. A literature review on innovation and SME innovation strategies to their correlation and the possibility of their joint examination. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to explore the SME’s innovation strategies and their impact on effectiveness of innovation in a peripheral region. We investigate the effects of innovation activities not only among small and medium, but also micro firms which are not covered in official innovation surveys by the national statistical offices. We proposed a model of implementing innovation, and tested our hypotheses. Methods: Research was based on data drawn from CATIs carried out among 419 firms, therefore making a conceptual contribution to the knowledge on innovation strategy. The main statistical test for relationships and dependencies was the chi-square independence test. To arbitrate whether there were statistically significant differences between medians due to different factors among enterprises, analysis for variance (H Kruskal-Wallis’ test for k independent samples) procedure was implemented. Findings & Value added: The results of our research show that among SMEs in peripheral regions dominated those which we call ‘pragmatists’ and ‘imitators’ in context of their approach towards innovation. The significance of objective factors showed that there was a lack of enterprises that could play the role of ‘creators of innovation’ in the peripheral region. However, the examined firms more often noticed positive than negative aspects of introduced innovations, which is determined by the scale of enterprise; they were focused mainly on the consequences of innovation for their products and services.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of General Education Between China’s and Singapore’s Universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
General Education ◽  
Curriculum Design ◽  
Professional Knowledge ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Along with the development of knowledge-based economy, interdisciplinary talents have received widespread attention. While teaching students professional knowledge, universities also focus on general education. By studying the education objectives and curriculum of China and Singapore, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the similarities and differences between UESTC and NTU in terms of general education objectives and curriculum design, so as to provide certain references for universities, especially science and engineering universities, to further improve general education.

scholarly journals The Assesment of Intellectual Capital in Romanian Universities

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Todericiu ◽  
Anca Șerban
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Modern Knowledge

Abstract The aim of this article is to systematize the types of intellectual capital indicators that can be assessed in order to understand and further use the information for strategic development. Also, the study underlines the importance of intellectual capital in the new modern, knowledge-based economy. Different research methods are used in the article, such as scientific literature analysis, synthesis and comparison.

scholarly journals 25 Years Of Science Parks In Spain: Towards A New Model Of Development

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Martinez-Canas ◽  
Pablo Ruiz-Palomino
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Government Relations ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Science And Technology Parks ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Technology Parks

In the knowledge-based economy, developed and in developing countries are putting an increasingly interest on encouraging their firms to produce, exploit, transfer and apply knowledge. In this context, there seems to be a general agreement about the need to develop and strengthen networking activities using infrastructures to promote knowledge transfer between different economic actors. Science and Technology Parks (STPs) are an important part of these support infrastructures. The main objective of this paper is to analyze how STPs have evolved during the last 25 years in Spain. Therefore with available data we study how has changed their model from a "science push" in the first generation models to a "science pull" for the second generation models of Science Parks. Data from the APTE (Spanish Association of Science and Technology Parks) shows that new parks are redesigning their activities toward a third generation of STPs based on interactive local flows located in science-industry-government relations, increasingly involved with local, regional and even global innovation activities. This paper also analyzes how go-betweens and intermediaries can facilitate the interaction between firms, government and research institutions, and liaise with public and private R&D funding and venture capital organizations.

ACCOUNTING FOR INTANGIBLES: THE GREAT DIVIDE BETWEEN OBSCURITY IN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES AND THE BALANCE SHEET

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (01) ◽  
pp. 83-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE WYATT
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Generic Properties ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Intangible Investments ◽  
Intangible Investment

This paper analyses descriptive data from a discretionary accounting setting and several generic properties of innovation activities to explain why intangible assets are grossly under-recognized in company balance sheets. Existing literature and publicly available data indicates the increasing significance of intangible investment in the growth and development of firms and the stock of knowledge. However, a systematic framework to reliably quantify the stock of intangible assets remains elusive. This paper contributes to the debate surrounding recognition of intangible assets by demonstrating how economic attributes of intangible assets arise from generic features of innovation activities, and identifying the nature of the mis-match between accounting principles and the economic attributes of intangible assets which serves to reduce the relevance of accounting information. It is argued that accounting has become inwardly focused on the internal consistency of accounting relative to an outdated set of principles. Before an accounting asset can be recognized financial reporting systems typically require a 'cost' verifiable from a past transaction which the firm can directly link to expected future revenues. This narrow accounting approach is inconsistent with the properties of intangible investments in the knowledge-based economy.

scholarly journals Analysis of successful experience of innovative enterprises in the regions of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Rimma K. Sagieva ◽  
Aziza S. Zhuparova
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
State Funding ◽  
Business Community ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Cost

In the context of the current level of development of the knowledge-based economy of Kazakhstan, characterized by a huge shortage and dissociation of research personnel, lack of innovative ideas for commercialization, the concentration of efforts of the state and the business community on researching the problems of effective research and development funding seems more than appropriate. In Kazakhstan, the main reason for the low impact of innovation is also the lack of funding for research and development, as well as the low efficiency of financial resources in the scientific sector. This is evidenced by official statistics, as well as the cost of private financing of research and development in Kazakhstan per capita is $ 247, and the level of state funding is $ 4, which is one hundred or two hundred. times less compared to the leading countries of the world. In this paper, the study of examples of the implementation of funding of high-tech industries in the regions of Kazakhstan. The implementation of this study allows us to identify the most successful experience in implementing innovation activities in high-tech companies in Kazakhstan, which makes this work relevant. The research methodology includes such methods of knowledge of economic phenomena and processes: economic and statistical analysis, conducting qualitative analysis based on questionnaires, interviews. A survey of 1155 companies was conducted, according to the results of which 30 interviews were conducted, which made it possible to carry out a correlation-regression analysis of the dependence of the factors influencing the innovative development of companies. The research results will allow to study the experience of successful companies, to identify growth points, as well as provide an opportunity to improve the system of financing high-tech industries. The practical and theoretical significance lies in the fact that its main conclusions and recommendations can be used to develop effective strategies and tactical tools of innovation policy in high-tech enterprises.

From Freezing to Investing: New Approaches to Monetary and Currency Policies

2008 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
A. Nekipelov ◽  
Yu. Goland
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy

The appeals to minimize state intervention in the Russian economy are counterproductive. However the excessive involvement of the state is fraught with the threat of building nomenclature capitalism. That is the main idea of the series of articles by prominent representatives of Russian economic thought who formulate their position on key elements of the long-term strategy of Russia’s development. The articles deal with such important issues as Russia’s economic policy, transition to knowledge-based economy, basic directions of monetary and structural policies, strengthening of property rights, development of human potential, foreign economic priorities of our state.

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